scholarly journals Investigating animal activity patterns and temporal niche partitioning using camera-trap data: challenges and opportunities

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Frey ◽  
Jason T. Fisher ◽  
A. Cole Burton ◽  
John P. Volpe
Keyword(s):  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Niche Partitioning ◽  
Camera Trap ◽  
Temporal Niche ◽  
Animal Activity ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities

scholarly journals A sparse observation model to quantify species interactions in time and space

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadoune Ait Kaci Azzou ◽  
Liam Singer ◽  
Thierry Aebischer ◽  
Madleina Caduff ◽  
Beat Wolf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Interactions ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Niche Partitioning ◽  
Camera Trap ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Observation Model ◽  
Occupancy Models ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Imperfect Detection ◽  
Mobile Species

SummaryCamera traps and acoustic recording devices are essential tools to quantify the distribution, abundance and behavior of mobile species. Varying detection probabilities among device locations must be accounted for when analyzing such data, which is generally done using occupancy models. We introduce a Bayesian Time-dependent Observation Model for Camera Trap data (Tomcat), suited to estimate relative event densities in space and time. Tomcat allows to learn about the environmental requirements and daily activity patterns of species while accounting for imperfect detection. It further implements a sparse model that deals well will a large number of potentially highly correlated environmental variables. By integrating both spatial and temporal information, we extend the notation of overlap coefficient between species to time and space to study niche partitioning. We illustrate the power of Tomcat through an application to camera trap data of eight sympatrically occurring duiker Cephalophinae species in the savanna - rainforest ecotone in the Central African Republic and show that most species pairs show little overlap. Exceptions are those for which one species is very rare, likely as a result of direct competition.

Activity patterns and temporal niche partitioning of dogs and medium-sized wild mammals in urban parks of Xalapa, Mexico

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 1061-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isac Mella-Méndez ◽  
Rafael Flores-Peredo ◽  
Jairo Pérez-Torres ◽  
Sergio Hernández-González ◽  
Dino Ulises González-Uribe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Niche Partitioning ◽  
Urban Parks ◽  
Wild Mammals ◽  
Temporal Niche

scholarly journals Temporal niche partitioning as a novel mechanism promoting co-existence of sympatric predators in marine systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 (1954) ◽  
pp. 20210816
Author(s):  
Karissa O. Lear ◽  
Nicholas M. Whitney ◽  
John J. Morris ◽  
Adrian C. Gleiss
Keyword(s):  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Interference Competition ◽  
Niche Partitioning ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Multiple Predators ◽  
Temporal Partitioning ◽  
Marine Systems ◽  
Temporal Niche ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Sensory Adaptations

Niche partitioning of time, space or resources is considered the key to allowing the coexistence of competitor species, and particularly guilds of predators. However, the extent to which these processes occur in marine systems is poorly understood due to the difficulty in studying fine-scale movements and activity patterns in mobile underwater species. Here, we used acceleration data-loggers to investigate temporal partitioning in a guild of marine predators. Six species of co-occurring large coastal sharks demonstrated distinct diel patterns of activity, providing evidence of strong temporal partitioning of foraging times. This is the first instance of diel temporal niche partitioning described in a marine predator guild, and is probably driven by a combination of physiological constraints in diel timing of activity (e.g. sensory adaptations) and interference competition (hierarchical predation within the guild), which may force less dominant predators to suboptimal foraging times to avoid agonistic interactions. Temporal partitioning is often thought to be rare compared to other partitioning mechanisms, but the occurrence of temporal partitioning here and similar characteristics in many other marine ecosystems (multiple predators simultaneously present in the same space with dietary overlap) introduces the question of whether this is a common mechanism of resource division in marine systems.

scholarly journals Bird activity patterns in the understorey of an evergreen forest in Oaxaca, Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Gabriela Pérez-Irineo ◽  
Antonio Santos-Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Niche Partitioning ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Behavioural Ecology ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Temporal Partitioning ◽  
Temporal Niche ◽  
Basic Biology

Activity patterns of species are related to their physiology, their behaviour and the environment and can change in response to different factors, such as interactions between species. Bird species, typical of the understorey, show morphological and ecological similarities and must thus have some mechanism of ecological separation, such as temporal niche partitioning. The objective of this study was to provide information about activity patterns and activity overlap of bird species typical of the understorey. We expected temporal niche partitioning between ecologically-similar species. We placed camera traps in 29 sampling points in a high evergreen forest in the southeast of Mexico between 2011 and 2013. All species were mainly diurnal and, contrary to what we expected, there was temporal partitioning between tinamids, but not in galliforms and columbiforms. The degree of activity overlap might reflect a solitary or group lifestyle of the three sets of species, as well as shared behavioural preferences and similar adaptations. These results contribute to our knowledge of the basic biology and behavioural ecology of birds of the understorey.

scholarly journals Temporal activity patterns suggesting niche partitioning of sympatric carnivores in Borneo, Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miyabi Nakabayashi ◽  
Tomoko Kanamori ◽  
Aoi Matsukawa ◽  
Joseph Tangah ◽  
Augustine Tuuga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Niche Partitioning ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Temporal Niche ◽  
Dietary Breadth ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Carnivore Species ◽  
Nocturnal Species ◽  
Coexistence Mechanisms ◽  
Study Sites

AbstractTo propose proper conservation measures and to elucidate coexistence mechanisms of sympatric carnivore species, we assessed temporal activity patterns of the sympatric carnivore species using 37,379 photos collected for more than 3 years at three study sites in Borneo. We categorized activity patterns of nine carnivore species (one bear, three civets, two felids, one skunk, one mustelid, one linsang) by calculating the photo-capturing proportions at each time period (day, night, twilight). We then evaluated temporal activity overlaps by calculating the overlap coefficients. We identified six nocturnal (three civets, one felid, one skunk, one linsang), two diurnal (one felid, one mustelid), and one cathemeral (bear) species. Temporal activity overlaps were high among the nocturnal species. The two felid species possessing morphological and ecological similarities exhibited clear temporal niche segregation, but the three civet species with similar morphology and ecology did not. Broad dietary breadth may compensate for the high temporal niche overlaps among the nocturnal species. Despite the high species richness of Bornean carnivores, almost half are threatened with extinction. By comparing individual radio-tracking and our data, we propose that a long-term study of at least 2 or 3 years is necessary to understand animals’ temporal activity patterns, especially for sun bears and civets, by camera-trapping and to establish effective protection measures.

scholarly journals Temporal Activity Patterns of Sympatric Bornean Carnivore Species: Implications for Niche Partitioning and Conservation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miyabi Nakabayashi ◽  
Tomoko Kanamori ◽  
Aoi Matsukawa ◽  
Joseph Tangah ◽  
Augustine Tuuga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Niche Partitioning ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Temporal Niche ◽  
Dietary Breadth ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Carnivore Species ◽  
Nocturnal Species ◽  
Coexistence Mechanisms ◽  
Study Sites

Abstract To propose proper conservation measures and to elucidate coexistence mechanisms of sympatric carnivore species, we assessed their temporal activity patterns using 37,379 photos collected for more than three years at three study sites in Borneo. We categorized activity patterns of nine carnivore species (one bear, three civets, two felids, one skunk, one mustelid, one linsang) by calculating the photo-capturing proportions at each period (day, night, twilight). We then evaluated temporal activity overlaps by calculating the overlap coefficients. We identified six nocturnal (three civets, one felid, one skunk, one linsang), two diurnal (one felids, one mustelid), and one cathemeral (bear) species. Temporal activity overlaps were high among the nocturnal species. The two felid species possessing morphological and ecological similarities exhibited clear temporal niche segregation, but the three civet species did not. Broad dietary breadth may compensate for the high temporal niche overlaps among the nocturnal species. Despite the high species richness of Bornean carnivores, almost half are threatened with extinction. By comparing individual radio-tracking and our data, we propose that a long-term study of at least three years is necessary to understand animals’ temporal activity patterns by camera-trapping and to avoid diverting conservationists away from effective protection measures.

scholarly journals Application of YOLOv4 for Detection and Motion Monitoring of Red Foxes

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1723
Author(s):  
Anne K. Schütz ◽  
Verena Schöler  ◽  
E. Tobias Krause  ◽  
Mareike Fischer  ◽  
Thomas Müller  ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Automatic Detection ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Animal Activity

Animal activity is an indicator for its welfare and manual observation is time and cost intensive. To this end, automatic detection and monitoring of live captive animals is of major importance for assessing animal activity, and, thereby, allowing for early recognition of changes indicative for diseases and animal welfare issues. We demonstrate that machine learning methods can provide a gap-less monitoring of red foxes in an experimental lab-setting, including a classification into activity patterns. Therefore, bounding boxes are used to measure fox movements, and, thus, the activity level of the animals. We use computer vision, being a non-invasive method for the automatic monitoring of foxes. More specifically, we train the existing algorithm ‘you only look once’ version 4 (YOLOv4) to detect foxes, and the trained classifier is applied to video data of an experiment involving foxes. As we show, computer evaluation outperforms other evaluation methods. Application of automatic detection of foxes can be used for detecting different movement patterns. These, in turn, can be used for animal behavioral analysis and, thus, animal welfare monitoring. Once established for a specific animal species, such systems could be used for animal monitoring in real-time under experimental conditions, or other areas of animal husbandry.

Disease and community structure: white-nose syndrome alters spatial and temporal niche partitioning in sympatric bat species

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1002-1015 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Jachowski ◽  
Chris A. Dobony ◽  
Laci S. Coleman ◽  
William M. Ford ◽  
Eric R. Britzke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Niche Partitioning ◽  
Temporal Niche ◽  
White Nose Syndrome

Bayesian nonparametric inference for the overlap of daily animal activity patterns

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Núñez-Antonio ◽  
Manuel Mendoza ◽  
Alberto Contreras-Cristán ◽  
Eduardo Gutiérrez-Peña ◽  
Eduardo Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Nonparametric Inference ◽  
Bayesian Nonparametric ◽  
Animal Activity
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