scholarly journals Maca extracts and estrogen replacement therapy in ovariectomized rats exposed at high altitude

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto O. Ybañez‐Julca ◽  
Daniel Asunción‐Alvarez ◽  
Javier Palacios ◽  
Chukwuemeka R. Nwokocha
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Estrogen Replacement Therapy ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Estrogen Replacement

scholarly journals Angiogenesis Changes in Ovariectomized Rats with Osteoporosis Treated with Estrogen Replacement Therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yige Zhang ◽  
Fei Hua ◽  
Kai Ding ◽  
Haifeng Chen ◽  
Chenyang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Estrogen Replacement Therapy ◽  
Bone Microarchitecture ◽  
Estrogen Therapy ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Estrogen Replacement ◽  
Sham Operation Group ◽  
Menopausal Osteoporosis

To investigate whether angiogenesis changes in early menopausal osteoporosis treated with estrogen replacement therapy, 120 rats were randomly divided into five groups: sham operation group (SHAM), ovariectomy group (OVX), and ovariectomy plus three different estrogen doses replacement therapy groups (OVX + E2). We detected the bone microarchitecture and measured the expression levels of estrogen receptor beta (ERβ), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), osteoprotegerin (OPG), and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL). CD31 immunofluorescence and silica gel perfusion imaging were used to analyze the vascular distribution. We confirmed that the femur BMD of ovariectomized rats was significantly lower than SHAM group and OVX+E2 groups. After estrogen therapy, the local microvascular formation increased after estrogen treatment in a dose dependent manner. ERβ was downregulated and VEGF was upregulated, positively correlated with estrogen dosage. We successfully constructed an osteoporosis model of ovariectomized rats with estrogen replacement therapy. We also found angiogenesis changed in early menopausal osteoporosis treated with estrogen replacement therapy. We indicated that estrogen replacement therapy increased angiogenesis through VEGF upregulation. However, we observed that, at the highest doses of estrogen studied, increased angiogenesis was associated with a decrease in BMD, the underlying mechanisms of which remain unclear.

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