Trauma and belief systems; an operational code analysis of Dutch Prime Minister Rutte and the downing of flight MH17

Political Islam and Islamist organizations have broadly gained strength across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) in the post-Cold War era. Following the Arab uprisings, the Muslim Brotherhood (MB), generally viewed as the world’s largest and most influential Islamist organization, has shaped the wider landscape of MENA politics. This study examines MB leadership by comparing M. Morsi of Egypt, R. Ghannouchi of Tunisia, and K. Meshaal of Gaza as examples of Islamist leaders to explain their political belief systems and predict their foreign-policy behavior. We use the operational code approach, a content-analysis software and statistical tests to conduct the study. Results show that the three leaders’ foreign policy beliefs are analogous to the averages of world leaders. Results also partially support the hypothesis that their foreign-policy propensities are similar to each other. We conclude that despite the conventional portrayal of MB leadership, these leaders use negotiation and cooperation to settle their differences in foreign affairs, and the best way to approach them is to engage in a Rousseauvian assurance game that emphasizes international social cooperation. Results also suggest important implications in terms of mainstream international relations theories.

Download Full-text

Operational Code Analysis

Operational Code Analysis and Foreign Policy Roles ◽

10.4324/9781003131021-14 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 300-338

Author(s):

Seyed Hamidreza Serri

Keyword(s):

Code Analysis ◽

Operational Code

Download Full-text

Crisis Deferred: An Operational Code Analysis of Chinese Leaders Across the Strait

Beliefs and Leadership in World Politics ◽

10.1057/9781403983497_7 ◽

2006 ◽

pp. 151-170 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Huiyun Feng

Keyword(s):

Code Analysis ◽

Operational Code

Download Full-text

Culture and Foreign Policy Analysis

10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.381 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Andrea Grove

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Foreign Policy ◽

Cold War ◽

Policy Analysis ◽

Theoretical Explanation ◽

Foreign Policy Analysis ◽

Post Cold War ◽

Code Analysis ◽

Operational Code ◽

Systemic Constraints

There are several conceptions of culture which have become dominant in foreign policy analysis (FPA) in particular: culture as the organization of meaning, culture as value preferences, and culture as templates for human strategy. Prior to the 1990s, the Cold War constraints of bipolarity had left little room for idiosyncratic domestic-level variables such as culture to affect FP. However, once systemic constraints lessened and the decision making milieu became more ambiguous, scholars increasingly turned to questions about culture and identity. Using classic frameworks as a jumping off point, early work on national role conception and operational code analysis incorporated culture as a significant filter for decision making. Operational code analysis is another early approach that had elements of culture as part of the decision making context. In addition, there are a few works that investigate culture and FP with a different focus than FPA. But perhaps one of the most notable elements of FPA studies exploring culture is the idea that it need not be viewed as explaining whatever cannot be explained by anything else. Instead of merely an alternative theoretical explanation of state behavior, use of culture in the post-Cold War revival and today reflects an effort not so much to refute neorealism but to look at different questions.

Download Full-text

The Operational Code Analysis of the Serbian Orthodox Church’s Official Political Discourse on Kosovo (2008-2019)

SEEU Review ◽

10.2478/seeur-2019-0014 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 250-270

Author(s):

Srđan Mladenov Jovanović ◽

Richard J. Cook

Keyword(s):

Social Science ◽

Political Discourse ◽

Political Life ◽

The Internet ◽

Orthodox Church ◽

Code Analysis ◽

Operational Code ◽

The Social ◽

Scholarly Production

Abstract The Serbian Orthodox Church has been described in scholarship as having had a significant impact onto the social and political life of Serbia, especially since the wars of the nineties. With the coming of the age of the Internet and social science automation, however, more options have gradually become available to researchers in the recent years. For this reason, this article will tackle the official rhetoric of the Serbian Orthodox Church in relation to the sociopolitical with the assistance of social science automation. Forming an examination via the methodological lens of Operational Code Analysis, this article delves into the Church’s discourse on Kosovo, via heavy vetting of all official statements given on the website of the Serbian Orthodox Church. It also expands upon the initial methodology – Operational Code Analysis – to an analysis of an institution with a uniform discourse, which has so far not seen light in scholarly production.

Download Full-text