Assessing the Impact of the Political Environment on INGO Vulnerability to Terrorist Attack

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn M. Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Terrorist Attack ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
The Impact

Thomas Moore and Victorian Ireland

1992 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-62
Author(s):  
Deborah McWilliams Consalvo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Religious Ideology ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Landscape ◽  
Religious Ideals ◽  
The Impact

This essay examines the political environment in Ireland during the nineteenth century and evaluates the impact of national patriotism upon the social landscape. In analyzing the changing topography of Victorian Ireland, religious ideology played a significant role in carving out the model of Irish culture at the close of the century. Thomas Moore's poetry reflects the cultural significance of both political and religious ideals by his use of imagery and language to unite these two social forces and represent them as thematic cooperatives essential to the identity and survival of Irish nationhood.

The Nadwat al-‘Ulama's Romance with Iqbal: Narrative construction and historiography

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (06) ◽  
pp. 1762-1796
Author(s):  
MASHAL SAIF
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Narrative Construction ◽  
Social Imaginaries ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Milieu ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis article examines the Indian poet-philosopher Muhammad Iqbal's appropriation by three Nadwat al-‘Ulama scholars: Sayyid Sulayman Nadwi (d. 1953), Abu'l-Hasan ‘Ali Nadwi (d. 1999), and ‘Abd al-Salam Nadwi (d. 1956). It argues that the particular depictions of Iqbal by the Nadwa ‘ulama can be mapped onto larger evolutions within the institute. The early Nadwa ‘alim Sulayman Nadwi imagines Iqbal as a Muslim leader par excellence. A more conservative understanding of Islam emerged with the later Nadwa ‘ulama. They emphasize traditional theological ideas, particular modes of piety, and ritualistic actions. The article suggests that the later Nadwa ‘ulama’s writings on Iqbal are reflective of this particular understanding of Islam and morality, although there are two distinct responses to the poet. The above examination of the Nadwa is placed within its broader historical context. In so doing, the article contends that the impact of the political milieu in India must be taken into account to understand shifts in the Nadwa and South Asian Islam more broadly. It also asserts that the political environment in South Asia influenced Iqbal's reception by the Nadwa ‘ulama as well as by Muslims in South Asia and beyond. Additionally, this article argues that all three works by the Nadwa ‘ulama are subjective portrayals informed by the social imaginaries of their authors. In fact, in a broader sense, all works of narrative historiography are subjective accounts. This realization problematizes the boundaries between the categories of historiography and hagiography, and this research calls for a rethinking of these tensions.

‘A Tortured Nation Gave Birth to a Lunatic’: The Construction of Insanity in the 1912 Terrorist Attack in Croatia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stella Fatović-Ferenčić ◽  
Martin Kuhar
Keyword(s):  
Terrorist Attack ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Sphere ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In spring 1912, 25-year-old lawyer Luka Jukić tried to assassinate the Croatian Ban and Royal Commissioner Slavko Cuvaj. This article focuses on several aspects of the trial against Jukić: first, on analysing the impact of Cesare Lombroso’s criminology in Croatia; second, on the testimony by forensic psychiatrist Ivo Žirovčić, who controversially claimed that Jukić was sane; third, on unmasking the techniques and manipulations by the media, the regime and the opposition concerning the assassin’s alleged insanity; and finally, on identifying the ways in which the case influenced further political and revolutionary activities in the country. The discussion concerning Jukić’s accountability deepened the chasm between the supporters and opponents of Cuvaj’s regime, both in the political sphere and within the Croatian medical community.

Religion's Impact on the Divergent Political Attitudes of Evangelical Protestants in the United States and Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin S. McAdams ◽  
Justin Earl Lance
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Political Attitudes ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Economic Issues ◽  
Political Views ◽  
Evangelical Protestants ◽  
Moral Conservatism ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn the United States, Evangelical Protestants' political attitudes have been attributed to their conservative theological beliefs. As this religion's membership has increased around the world, other Evangelicals would logically be expected to demonstrate a similar conservatism in their political views. And yet, this anticipated result does not hold. In Brazil, for example, Evangelicals maintain moderate-to-liberal attitudes on several issues. To address this anomaly, this article relies on the Pew Forum's Multi-Country Religion Survey to examine the impact of religion on Evangelicals' ideology as well as attitudes on moral and economic issues in the United States and Brazil. While doctrinal orthodoxy predicts Evangelicals' moral conservatism, neither religious component examined significantly predicts Brazilian Evangelicals' ideology or economic attitudes. Significant differences in Brazilian and American attitudes on these dimensions in general suggest that the political environment plays a much larger role in whether — and how — religion influences these political attitudes.

The impact of political context on news coverage: Covering Qatar in the Israeli press

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-29
Author(s):  
Moran Yarchi ◽  
Tal Samuel-Azran ◽  
Yair Galily ◽  
Ilan Tamir
Keyword(s):  
News Coverage ◽  
Political Context ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Contextual Cues ◽  
News Stories ◽  
Foreign News ◽  
Time Frames ◽  
The Impact

Political environment is an important factor in news coverage, both in terms of the news items selected (the amount of coverage) and the tone of the coverage. Through an analysis of news coverage of Qatar in the Israeli press, the current study examines the impact of the political circumstances and the contextual cues in news stories on the framing of foreign news. The analysis includes 1,199 articles appearing in the mainstream online Israeli press in two time frames: summer 2013 and summer 2014 (during the war in Gaza). Findings indicate that, although both the circumstances and the contextual cues had a significant impact on the tone of coverage towards Qatar in the Israeli press, while controlling for the contextual cues in the news stories, coverage of Qatar did not change significantly during the war, which indicates that the framing process is less influenced by the immediate political circumstances than the political cues appearing in the coverage.

scholarly journals Constructive Aggression? Multiple Roles of Aggressive Content in Political Discourse on Russian YouTube

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-194
Author(s):  
Svetlana S. Bodrunova ◽  
Anna Litvinenko ◽  
Ivan Blekanov ◽  
Dmitry Nepiyushchikh
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Behavior ◽  
Hate Speech ◽  
Multiple Roles ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Democratic Quality ◽  
Moscow City ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Political Groups

Today, aggressive verbal behavior is generally perceived as a threat to integrity and democratic quality of public discussions, including those online. However, we argue that, in more restrictive political regimes, communicative aggression may play constructive roles in both discussion dynamics and empowerment of political groups. This might be especially true for restrictive political and legal environments like Russia, where obscene speech is prohibited by law in registered media and the political environment does not give much space for voicing discontent. Taking Russian YouTube as an example, we explore the roles of two under-researched types of communicative aggression—obscene speech and politically motivated hate speech—within the publics of video commenters. For that, we use the case of the Moscow protests of 2019 against non-admission of independent and oppositional candidates to run for the Moscow city parliament. The sample of over 77,000 comments for 13 videos of more than 100,000 views has undergone pre-processing and vocabulary-based detection of aggression. To assess the impact of hate speech upon the dynamics of the discussions, we have used Granger tests and assessment of discussion histograms; we have also assessed the selected groups of posts in an exploratory manner. Our findings demonstrate that communicative aggression helps to express immediate support and solidarity. It also contextualizes the criticism towards both the authorities and regime challengers, as well as demarcates the counter-public.

scholarly journals The Political Economy of Personnel Expenditures: Brazilian States, 1965-1994

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
BARRY AMES ◽  
TAEKO HIROI ◽  
LUCIO RENNO
Keyword(s):  
Political Competition ◽  
State Legislature ◽  
State Legislators ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Electoral Cycle ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Political Variables

ABSTRACT The main purpose of the paper is to test a model that explains variation in the ratio of expenditure with personnel in Brazilian states from 1965 to 1994. The independent variables include indicators of the political environment in the distinct states, such as number of veto players and level of political competition. Furthermore, variables that model the business electoral cycle and institutional changes during the period were also included in the model. The budgetary, electoral and legislative data were collected for 22 states from 1965 to 1995. OLS Regression with panel corrected standard errors was used to test the main hypotheses. Results indicate that the impact of political variables appears to be conditioned by the broader national institutional framework. During the authoritarian period expenditures with personnel were influenced by the electoral business cycle and by the presence of more than one party in the state legislature. In the democratic period, electoral vulnerability of state legislators and the electoral cycle are the most important political factors influencing expenditures with personnel.

Technology symbolization: political mechanism of local e-government adoption and implementation

2020 ◽  
pp. 002085232091563
Author(s):  
Haibo Tan ◽  
Xuejiao Zhao ◽  
Nan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Technology Implementation ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Strategic Interaction ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Adoption And Implementation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

Why did some local e-government projects start off with a bang but end with a whimper? Using the case study of an online administrative approval system in Jiangmen, China, this study explores the political mechanism behind the adoption and implementation of local e-government projects. We propose a framework for analyzing the adoption and implementation of e-government projects that encompasses three aspects: environment (political institutions); process (perceptions of information technology, power relations, and strategic interaction); and performance. The political environment shapes people’s perceptions of information technology and provides motivations and constraints for relevant stakeholders. Stakeholders choose different strategies and actions based on their positions in the power structure, which finally influences the performance of the project. In this study, due to local government leaders’ motivation to seek political achievement and subordinate agencies’ strategic responses in the Chinese political system, the online system finally turned into a symbolic tool that did very little to improve government performance. Points for practitioners • A framework is proposed for analyzing the adoption and implementation of e-government projects that encompasses three aspects: environment (political institutions); process (perceptions of information technology, power relations, and strategic interaction); and performance. • A concept—technology symbolization—is emphasized by exploring the ways in which e-government can be used as a promotion tool for local officials. • With the advent of the new generations of information technology, e-government practitioners cannot ignore the political environment and the impact of political institutions on information technology implementation.

Les critères de répartition des normes entre la loi et le règlement

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 567-578
Author(s):  
Jean Alarie ◽  
Guy Boisvert
Keyword(s):  
Government Intervention ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Practical Standpoint ◽  
The Impact

Various groups and institutions are concerned about the proliferation of regulations. There is fear of an overflow into the regulatory field of standards that belong to the legislative domain. It therefore seems appropriate to draw up criteria for assigning standards to the respective areas of statutes and regulations. The logic for apportioning standards might be based on the principle that the placing of a standard in the hierarchy of unilateral normative instruments is directly related to the scope of its object and inversely related to its degree of intervention in the activity subjected to it. Before deciding to put a standard into a statute or to provide that it be enacted later under regulation-making authority, it is advisable to assess its degree of generality in relation to the concepts that surround it in the legislative draft, and also to measure its degree of materiality, i.e. the extent to which it embodies Government intervention in the activity that it is proposed to regulate. From a practical standpoint, however, the impact of the political environment on legislative drafting must not be ignored. Allowing for the influence of policy and politics on the design of the statute-regulations complex, three contiguous but distinct normative areas may be identified: standards that must belong to the domain of statutes ; standards that may be apportioned to either the domain of statutes or that of regulations ; and standards that would normally belong to the domain of regulations. The model suggested is not absolute and is liable to be modified by space and time considerations ; however, reference to it might help to rationalize the delegation of regulation-making authority.

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