Bioremediation of PCP-contaminated soil: Bench to full-scale implementation

1991 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
William R. Mahaffey ◽  
Robert A. Sanford
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Full Scale

Full-Scale Remediation of a Jet Fuel-Contaminated Soil: Assessment of Biodegradation, Volatilization, and Bioavailability

2010 ◽  
Vol 217 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 197-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis R. Gallego ◽  
Carlos Sierra ◽  
Albert Permanyer ◽  
Ana I. Peláez ◽  
Demelza Menéndez-Vega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Jet Fuel ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Soil Assessment

Full-scale anaerobic bioremediation of trinitrotoluene (TNT) contaminated soil

1995 ◽  
Vol 51-52 (1) ◽  
pp. 625-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. B. Funk ◽  
D. L. Crawford ◽  
R. L. Crawford ◽  
G. Mead ◽  
W. Davis-Hoover
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Anaerobic Bioremediation

Biofiltration of dichlorobenzenes

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 287-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Roberge ◽  
M.J. Gravel ◽  
L. Deschênes ◽  
C. Guy ◽  
R. Samson
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Animal Manure ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Peat Moss ◽  
Aerobic Treatment ◽  
Load Variations ◽  
System A

The use of air biofiltration for the degradation of dichlorobenzenes (1,2-DCB and 1,4-DCB) was studied at a refinery site. At this plant, 93 m3/h of contaminated groundwater, used in a cooling system and containing a maximum of 2 ppm of dichlorobenzenes, had to be treated. Stripping of the DCBs followed by biofiltration was selected as the most suitable technology to avoid volatilization in ambient air as expected with a wastewater aerobic treatment system. A stripper of 15 m height and 1.27 m diameter was designed as a first step treatment to volatilize DCBs with 3400 m3/h of air. Two full-scale biofilters of 70 m3 each were built and filled with 45 m3 of filtering media for the adsorption and biodegradation of the DCBs in the gas-phase. Filtering media was composed mainly of peat moss, with animal manure, wood chips and DCBs contaminated soil. Air to be treated was also contaminated with naphthalene. Laboratory tests showed an effective microbial activity in the contaminated soil and in the filtering media for DCBs degradation. Degradation of naphthalene induced slower degradation of DCBs. Full-scale operation was studied during four months. Water flow and DCBs content in the water entering the stripper were lower than expected with only 57 m3/h and a maximum concentration of only 240 ppb. Effective desorption was obtained in the stripper in the full-scale operation (more than 99% removal). Full-scale biofilters maintained a DCB concentration of less than 1 ppmv in the air outlet, but removal efficiency varied between 0 and 79% because of the low DCB inlet concentrations, load variations and sporadic naphthalene presence.

Full-Scale Bioremediation of Contaminated Soil and Water

1991 ◽  
pp. 91-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey C. Compeau ◽  
William D. Mahaffey ◽  
Lori Patras
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Soil And Water

scholarly journals Evaluation of Inoculum Addition To Stimulate In Situ Bioremediation of Oily-Sludge-Contaminated Soil

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1675-1681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjeet Mishra ◽  
Jeevan Jyot ◽  
Ramesh C. Kuhad ◽  
Banwari Lal
Keyword(s):  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Bacterial Consortium ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Oily Sludge ◽  
In Situ Bioremediation ◽  
Degrading Bacteria

ABSTRACT A full-scale study evaluating an inoculum addition to stimulate in situ bioremediation of oily-sludge-contaminated soil was conducted at an oil refinery where the indigenous population of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria in the soil was very low (103 to 104 CFU/g of soil). A feasibility study was conducted prior to the full-scale bioremediation study. In this feasibility study, out of six treatments, the application of a bacterial consortium and nutrients resulted in maximum biodegradation of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) in 120 days. Therefore, this treatment was selected for the full-scale study. In the full-scale study, plots A and B were treated with a bacterial consortium and nutrients, which resulted in 92.0 and 89.7% removal of TPH, respectively, in 1 year, compared to 14.0% removal of TPH in the control plot C. In plot A, the alkane fraction of TPH was reduced by 94.2%, the aromatic fraction of TPH was reduced by 91.9%, and NSO (nitrogen-, sulfur-, and oxygen-containing compound) and asphaltene fractions of TPH were reduced by 85.2% in 1 year. Similarly, in plot B the degradation of alkane, aromatic, and NSO plus asphaltene fractions of TPH was 95.1, 94.8, and 63.5%, respectively, in 345 days. However, in plot C, removal of alkane (17.3%), aromatic (12.9%), and NSO plus asphaltene (5.8%) fractions was much less. The population of introduced Acinetobacter baumannii strains in plots A and B was stable even after 1 year. Physical and chemical properties of the soil at the bioremediation site improved significantly in 1 year.

Biological Treatment of TNT-Contaminated Soil. 2. Biologically Induced Immobilization of the Contaminants and Full-Scale Application

1998 ◽  
Vol 32 (13) ◽  
pp. 1964-1971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiltrud Lenke ◽  
Jürgen Warrelmann ◽  
Gregor Daun ◽  
Kerstin Hund ◽  
Ute Sieglen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Full Scale

Relation of Statistically Significant, Abnormal, and Typical WAIS-R VIQ-PIQ Discrepancies to Full Scale IQs

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis M. Hsu ◽  
Judy Hayman ◽  
Judith Koch ◽  
Debbie Mandell
Keyword(s):  
Graphical Method ◽  
The United States ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
True Score ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Normative Population ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Quadratic Models

Summary: In the United States' normative population for the WAIS-R, differences (Ds) between persons' verbal and performance IQs (VIQs and PIQs) tend to increase with an increase in full scale IQs (FSIQs). This suggests that norm-referenced interpretations of Ds should take FSIQs into account. Two new graphs are presented to facilitate this type of interpretation. One of these graphs estimates the mean of absolute values of D (called typical D) at each FSIQ level of the US normative population. The other graph estimates the absolute value of D that is exceeded only 5% of the time (called abnormal D) at each FSIQ level of this population. A graph for the identification of conventional “statistically significant Ds” (also called “reliable Ds”) is also presented. A reliable D is defined in the context of classical true score theory as an absolute D that is unlikely (p < .05) to be exceeded by a person whose true VIQ and PIQ are equal. As conventionally defined reliable Ds do not depend on the FSIQ. The graphs of typical and abnormal Ds are based on quadratic models of the relation of sizes of Ds to FSIQs. These models are generalizations of models described in Hsu (1996) . The new graphical method of identifying Abnormal Ds is compared to the conventional Payne-Jones method of identifying these Ds. Implications of the three juxtaposed graphs for the interpretation of VIQ-PIQ differences are discussed.

A Modification of the Payne-Jones Method of Identifying Abnormal Differences in WISC-R Performance and Verbal IQ's

1996 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis M. Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Full Scale ◽  
True Score ◽  
Verbal Iq ◽  
Score Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Performance

The difference (D) between a person's Verbal IQ (VIQ) and Performance IQ (PIQ) has for some time been considered clinically meaningful ( Kaufman, 1976 , 1979 ; Matarazzo, 1990 , 1991 ; Matarazzo & Herman, 1985 ; Sattler, 1982 ; Wechsler, 1984 ). Particularly useful is information about the degree to which a difference (D) between scores is “abnormal” (i.e., deviant in a standardization group) as opposed to simply “reliable” (i.e., indicative of a true score difference) ( Mittenberg, Thompson, & Schwartz, 1991 ; Silverstein, 1981 ; Payne & Jones, 1957 ). Payne and Jones (1957) proposed a formula to identify “abnormal” differences, which has been used extensively in the literature, and which has generally yielded good approximations to empirically determined “abnormal” differences ( Silverstein, 1985 ; Matarazzo & Herman, 1985 ). However applications of this formula have not taken into account the dependence (demonstrated by Kaufman, 1976 , 1979 , and Matarazzo & Herman, 1985 ) of Ds on Full Scale IQs (FSIQs). This has led to overestimation of “abnormality” of Ds of high FSIQ children, and underestimation of “abnormality” of Ds of low FSIQ children. This article presents a formula for identification of abnormal WISC-R Ds, which overcomes these problems, by explicitly taking into account the dependence of Ds on FSIQs.

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