Ion transfer from an atmospheric pressure ion funnel into a mass spectrometer with different interface options: Simulation-based optimization of ion transmission efficiency

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 372-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Mayer ◽  
Helko Borsdorf
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Ion Transfer ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Simulation Based Optimization ◽  
Ion Transmission ◽  
Ion Funnel

scholarly journals Characterisation of the transfer of cluster ions through an atmospheric pressure interface time-of-flight mass spectrometer with hexapole ion guides

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 5231-5246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Leiminger ◽  
Stefan Feil ◽  
Paul Mutschlechner ◽  
Arttu Ylisirniö ◽  
Daniel Gunsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Mass Range ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Binding Energies ◽  
Cluster Ions ◽  
Ion Transfer ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Ion Guides

Abstract. Here we present an alternative approach of an atmospheric pressure interface (APi) time-of-flight mass spectrometer for the study of atmospheric ions and cluster ions, the so-called ioniAPi-TOF. The novelty is the use of two hexapoles as ion guides within the APi. In our case, hexapoles can accept and transmit a broad mass range enabling the study of small precursor ions and heavy cluster ions at the same time. Weakly bound cluster ions can easily de-cluster during ion transfer depending on the voltages applied to the ion transfer optics. With the example system of H3O+(H2O)n=0-3, we estimate that cluster ions with higher binding energies than 17 kcal mol−1 can be transferred through the APi without significant fragmentation, which is considerably lower than about 25 kcal mol−1 estimated from the literature for APi-TOFs with quadrupole ion guides. In contrast to the low-fragmenting ion transfer, the hexapoles can be set to a high-fragmenting declustering mode for collision-induced dissociation (CID) experiments as well. The ion transmission efficiency over a broad mass range was determined to be on the order of 1 %, which is comparable to existing instrumentation. From measurements under well-controlled conditions during the CLOUD experiment, we demonstrate the instrument's performance and present results from an inter-comparison with a quadrupole-based APi-TOF.

scholarly journals Characterisation of the transfer of cluster ions through an Atmospheric Pressure interface Time-of-Flight mass spectrometer with hexapole ion guides

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Leiminger ◽  
Stefan Feil ◽  
Paul Mutschlechner ◽  
Arttu Ylisirniö ◽  
Daniel Gunsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Mass Range ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Binding Energies ◽  
Cluster Ions ◽  
Ion Transfer ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Ion Guides

Abstract. Here we present an alternative approach of an Atmospheric-Pressure interface (APi) Time-Of-Flight mass spectrometer for the study of atmospheric ions and cluster ions, the so-called ioniAPi-TOF. The novelty is the use of two hexapoles as ion guides within the APi. As we will show, hexapoles can accept and transmit a broad mass range enabling the study of small precursor ions and heavy cluster ions at the same time. Weakly bound cluster ions can easily de-cluster during ion transfer depending on the voltages applied to the ion transfer optics. With the example system of H3O+(H2O)n=0–3, we estimate that cluster ions with higher binding energies than 17 kcal/mol can be transferred through the APi without significant fragmentation, which is considerably lower than about 25 kcal/mol estimated from the literature for APi-TOFs with quadrupole ion guides. In contrast to the low fragmenting ion transfer, the hexapoles can be set to a high fragmenting declustering mode for collision-induced dissociation (CID) experiments as well. The ion transmission efficiency over a broad mass range was determined to be in the order of 1 %, which is comparable to existing instrumentation. From measurements under well-controlled conditions during the CLOUD experiment, we demonstrate the instrument's performance and present results from an inter-comparison with a quadrupole based APi-TOF.

scholarly journals A high-resolution mass spectrometer to measure atmospheric ion composition

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1039-1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Junninen ◽  
M. Ehn ◽  
T. Petäjä ◽  
L. Luosujärvi ◽  
T. Kotiaho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulphuric Acid ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Proton Affinities ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Positive Ions

Abstract. In this paper we present recent achievements on developing and testing a tool to detect the composition of ambient ions in the mass/charge range up to 2000 Th. The instrument is an Atmospheric Pressure Interface Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer (APi-TOF, Tofwerk AG). Its mass accuracy is better than 0.002%, and the mass resolving power is 3000 Th/Th. In the data analysis, a new efficient Matlab based set of programs (tofTools) were developed, tested and used. The APi-TOF was tested both in laboratory conditions and applied to outdoor air sampling in Helsinki at the SMEAR III station. Transmission efficiency calibrations showed a throughput of 0.1–0.5% in the range 100–1300 Th for positive ions, and linearity over 3 orders of magnitude in concentration was determined. In the laboratory tests the APi-TOF detected sulphuric acid-ammonia clusters in high concentration from a nebulised sample illustrating the potential of the instrument in revealing the role of sulphuric acid clusters in atmospheric new particle formation. The APi-TOF features a high enough accuracy, resolution and sensitivity for the determination of the composition of atmospheric small ions although the total concentration of those ions is typically only 400–2000 cm−3. The atmospheric ions were identified based on their exact masses, utilizing Kendrick analysis and correlograms as well as narrowing down the potential candidates based on their proton affinities as well isotopic patterns. In Helsinki during day-time the main negative ambient small ions were inorganic acids and their clusters. The positive ions were more complex, the main compounds were (poly)alkyl pyridines and – amines. The APi-TOF provides a near universal interface for atmospheric pressure sampling, and this key feature will be utilized in future laboratory and field studies.

Portable linear ion trap mass spectrometer with compact multistage vacuum system and continuous atmospheric pressure interface

The Analyst ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 144 (17) ◽  
pp. 5127-5135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxu Li ◽  
Yingjun Zhang ◽  
Saijin Ge ◽  
Jie Qian ◽  
Wei Miao
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Ion Trap ◽  
Vacuum System ◽  
Linear Ion Trap ◽  
Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer ◽  
System A ◽  
Ion Funnel

A portable linear ion trap mass spectrometer featuring a compact three-stage vacuum system, a continuous atmospheric pressure interface (CAPI), and a miniature ion funnel was developed and characterized.

scholarly journals A high-resolution mass spectrometer to measure atmospheric ion composition

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 599-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Junninen ◽  
M. Ehn ◽  
T. Petäjä ◽  
L. Luosujärvi ◽  
T. Kotiaho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulphuric Acid ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Proton Affinities ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Positive Ions

Abstract. In this paper we present recent achievements on developing and testing a tool to detect the composition of ambient ions in the mass/charge range up to 2000 Th. The instrument is an Atmospheric Pressure Interface Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer (APi-TOF, Tofwerk AG). Its mass accuracy is better than 0.002%, and the mass resolving power is 3000 Th/Th. In the data analysis, a new efficient Matlab based set of programs (tofTools) were developed, tested and used. The APi-TOF was tested both in laboratory conditions and applied to outdoor air sampling in Helsinki at the SMEAR III station. Transmission efficiency calibrations showed a throughput of 0.1–0.5% in the range 100–1300 Th for positive ions, and linearity over 3 orders of magnitude in concentration was determined. In the laboratory tests the APi-TOF detected sulphuric acid-ammonia clusters in high concentration from a nebulised sample illustrating the potential of the instrument in revealing the role of sulphuric acid clusters in atmospheric new particle formation. The APi-TOF features a high enough accuracy, resolution and sensitivity for the determination of the composition of atmospheric small ions although the total concentration of those ions is typically only 400–2000 cm-3. The atmospheric ions were identified based on their exact masses, utilizing Kendrick analysis and correlograms as well as narrowing down the potential candidates based on their proton affinities as well isotopic patterns. In Helsinki during day-time the main negative ambient small ions were inorganic acids and their clusters. The positive ions were more complex, the main compounds were (poly)alkyl pyridines and – amines. The APi-TOF provides a near universal interface for atmospheric pressure sampling, and this key feature will be utilized in future laboratory and field studies.

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