Limitations of electrospray ionization in the analysis of a heterogeneous mixture of naturally occurring hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (21) ◽  
pp. 3163-3170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Nebbioso ◽  
Alessandro Piccolo ◽  
Michael Spiteller
Keyword(s):  
Electrospray Ionization ◽  
Heterogeneous Mixture ◽  
Hydrophobic Compounds ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Hydrophilic And Hydrophobic Compounds

Bacterial cleanup: lateral diffusion of hydrophobic molecules through protein channel walls

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 263-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bert van den Berg
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Mechanism ◽  
Lateral Diffusion ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Hydrophobic Compounds ◽  
Protein Channel ◽  
Biochemical Research ◽  
Established Role ◽  
Hydrophilic And Hydrophobic Compounds

AbstractThe outer membrane (OM) of Gram-negative bacteria forms a very efficient barrier against the permeation of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds, owing to the presence of lipopolysaccharides on the outside of the cell. Although much is known about the OM passage of hydrophilic molecules, it is much less clear how hydrophobic molecules cross this barrier. Members of the FadL channel family, which are widespread in Gram-negative bacteria, are so far the only proteins with an established role in the uptake of hydrophobic molecules across the OM. Recent structural and biochemical research has shown that these channels operate according to a unique lateral diffusion mechanism, in which the substrate moves from the lumen of the barrel into the OM via an unusual opening in the wall of the barrel. Understanding how hydrophobic molecules cross the OM is not only of fundamental importance but could also have applications in the design of novel, hydrophobic drugs, biofuel production and the generation of more efficient bacterial biodegrader strains.

Preferential uptake of hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds by bacteria and fungi in upland and paddy soils

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
pp. 107879
Author(s):  
Yinhang Xia ◽  
Xiangbi Chen ◽  
Xiaodong Zheng ◽  
Shaohong Deng ◽  
Yajun Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Paddy Soils ◽  
Hydrophobic Compounds ◽  
Preferential Uptake ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Hydrophilic And Hydrophobic Compounds

Recent progress in the field of neoglycoconjugate chemistry

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-96
Author(s):  
Carmen Jiménez-Castells ◽  
Sira Defaus ◽  
David Andreu ◽  
Ricardo Gutiérrez-Gallego
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Heterogeneous Mixture ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Single Protein ◽  
Recent Developments

AbstractGlycosylation is probably the most complex secondary gene event that affects the vast majority of proteins in nature resulting in the occurrence of a heterogeneous mixture of glycoforms for a single protein. Many functions are exerted by single monosaccharides, well-defined oligosaccharides, or larger glycans present in these glycoproteins. To unravel these functions it is of the utmost importance to prepare well-defined single glycans conjugated to the underlying aglycon. In this review, the most recent developments are described to address the preparation of carbohydrate-amino acid (glyco-conjugates). Naturally occurring N- and O-linked glycosylation are described and the preparation of non-natural sugar-amino acid linkages are also included.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Immobilization of Selected Peat-Isolated Yeast Strains of the Species Candida albicans and Candida subhashii on the Surface of Artificial Support Materials Used for Biotrickling Filtration

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 801
Author(s):  
Milena Marycz ◽  
Anna Brillowska-Dąbrowska ◽  
Jacek Gębicki
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Propidium Iodide ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Support Materials ◽  
Hydrophobic Compounds ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Hydrophilic And Hydrophobic Compounds

The paper describes the process of n-butanol abatement by unicellular fungi, able to deplete n-butanol content in gas, by using n-butanol as source of carbon. Isolated and identified fungi species Candida albicans and Candida subhashii were subjected to a viability process via assimilation of carbon from hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds. The isolates, which exhibited the ability to assimilate carbon, were immobilized on four different types of artificial support materials used for biotrickling filtration. Application of optical microscopy, flow cytometry and the tests employing propidium iodide and annexin V revealed viability of the fungi isolated on support materials’ surfaces at the average level of 95%. The proposed method of immobilization and its evaluation appeared to be effective, cheap and fast. Based on performed comparative analyses, it was shown that polyurethane foam and Bialecki rings (25 × 25) could be attractive support materials in biotrickling filtration.

scholarly journals Biocompatible Solvents and Ionic Liquid-Based Surfactants as Sustainable Components to Formulate Environmentally Friendly Organized Systems

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1378
Author(s):  
Nahir Dib ◽  
Cristian M. O. Lépori ◽  
N. Mariano Correa ◽  
Juana J. Silber ◽  
R. Dario Falcone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Reverse Micelles ◽  
Sustainable Chemistry ◽  
Food Science ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Hydrophobic Compounds ◽  
Current State ◽  
External Phase ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Hydrophilic And Hydrophobic Compounds

In this review, we deal with the formation and application of biocompatible water-in-oil microemulsions commonly known as reverse micelles (RMs). These RMs are extremely important to facilitate the dissolution of hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds for biocompatibility in applications in drug delivery, food science, and nanomedicine. The combination of two wisely chosen types of compounds such as biocompatible non-polar solvents and ionic liquids (ILs) with amphiphilic character (surface-active ionic liquids, SAILs) can be used to generate organized systems that perfectly align with the Green Chemistry concepts. Thus, we describe the current state of SAILs (protic and aprotic) to prepare RMs using non-polar but safe solvents such as esters derived from fatty acids, among others. Moreover, the use of the biocompatible solvents as the external phase in RMs and microemulsions/nanoemulsions with the other commonly used biocompatible surfactants is detailed showing the diversity of preparations and important applications. As shown by multiple examples, the properties of the RMs can be modified by changes in the type of surfactant and/or external solvents but a key fact to note is that all these modifications generate novel systems with dissimilar properties. These interesting properties cannot be anticipated or extrapolated, and deep analysis is always required. Finally, the works presented provide valuable information about the use of biocompatible RMs, making them a green and promising alternative toward efficient and sustainable chemistry.

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