Influence of ring position on the temporal dependence of charge movement in a switchable [2]rotaxane

2019 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Bazargan ◽  
Karl Sohlberg
Keyword(s):  
Charge Movement ◽  
Temporal Dependence ◽  
Ring Position

scholarly journals Modeling Best Practice Life Expectancy Using Gumbel Autoregressive Models

Risks ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Anthony Medford
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Extreme Value Theory ◽  
Autoregressive Model ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Gumbel Distribution ◽  
Value Theory ◽  
Model Diagnostics ◽  
Temporal Dependence ◽  
Simulation Results

Best practice life expectancy has recently been modeled using extreme value theory. In this paper we present the Gumbel autoregressive model of order one—Gumbel AR(1)—as an option for modeling best practice life expectancy. This class of model represents a neat and coherent framework for modeling time series extremes. The Gumbel distribution accounts for the extreme nature of best practice life expectancy, while the AR structure accounts for the temporal dependence in the time series. Model diagnostics and simulation results indicate that these models present a viable alternative to Gaussian AR(1) models when dealing with time series of extremes and merit further exploration.

scholarly journals State dependent effects on the frequency response of prestin’s real and imaginary components of nonlinear capacitance

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Santos-Sacchi ◽  
Dhasakumar Navaratnam ◽  
Winston J. T. Tan
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Response ◽  
Outer Hair Cell ◽  
Absolute Magnitude ◽  
Total Charge ◽  
Charge Movement ◽  
Membrane Tension ◽  
Nonlinear Capacitance ◽  
Complex Component ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Voltage Dependent

AbstractThe outer hair cell (OHC) membrane harbors a voltage-dependent protein, prestin (SLC26a5), in high density, whose charge movement is evidenced as a nonlinear capacitance (NLC). NLC is bell-shaped, with its peak occurring at a voltage, Vh, where sensor charge is equally distributed across the plasma membrane. Thus, Vh provides information on the conformational state of prestin. Vh is sensitive to membrane tension, shifting to positive voltage as tension increases and is the basis for considering prestin piezoelectric (PZE). NLC can be deconstructed into real and imaginary components that report on charge movements in phase or 90 degrees out of phase with AC voltage. Here we show in membrane macro-patches of the OHC that there is a partial trade-off in the magnitude of real and imaginary components as interrogation frequency increases, as predicted by a recent PZE model (Rabbitt in Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 17:21880–21888, 2020). However, we find similar behavior in a simple 2-state voltage-dependent kinetic model of prestin that lacks piezoelectric coupling. At a particular frequency, Fis, the complex component magnitudes intersect. Using this metric, Fis, which depends on the frequency response of each complex component, we find that initial Vh influences Fis; thus, by categorizing patches into groups of different Vh, (above and below − 30 mV) we find that Fis is lower for the negative Vh group. We also find that the effect of membrane tension on complex NLC is dependent, but differentially so, on initial Vh. Whereas the negative group exhibits shifts to higher frequencies for increasing tension, the opposite occurs for the positive group. Despite complex component trade-offs, the low-pass roll-off in absolute magnitude of NLC, which varies little with our perturbations and is indicative of diminishing total charge movement, poses a challenge for a role of voltage-driven prestin in cochlear amplification at very high frequencies.

Attention-based spatio-temporal dependence learning network

2019 ◽  
Vol 503 ◽  
pp. 92-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianli Ma ◽  
Shuai Tian ◽  
Jia Wei ◽  
Jiabing Wang ◽  
Wing W.Y. Ng
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Dependence ◽  
Learning Network ◽  
Spatio Temporal

scholarly journals Improving Computational Efficiency in Crowded Task Allocation Games with Coupled Constraints

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 2117
Author(s):  
Ming Chong Lim ◽  
Han-Lim Choi
Keyword(s):  
Task Allocation ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Scheduling Algorithm ◽  
Stochastic Algorithm ◽  
Speed Of Convergence ◽  
Temporal Dependence ◽  
Real World Applications ◽  
Coupled Constraints ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
Feasible Solutions

Multi-agent task allocation is a well-studied field with many proven algorithms. In real-world applications, many tasks have complicated coupled relationships that affect the feasibility of some algorithms. In this paper, we leverage on the properties of potential games and introduce a scheduling algorithm to provide feasible solutions in allocation scenarios with complicated spatial and temporal dependence. Additionally, we propose the use of random sampling in a Distributed Stochastic Algorithm to enhance speed of convergence. We demonstrate the feasibility of such an approach in a simulated disaster relief operation and show that feasibly good results can be obtained when the confirmation and sample size requirements are properly selected.

scholarly journals A Dipeptidyl Aminopeptidase–like Protein Remodels Gating Charge Dynamics in Kv4.2 Channels

2006 ◽  
Vol 128 (6) ◽  
pp. 745-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Dougherty ◽  
Manuel Covarrubias
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Potentials ◽  
Charge Movement ◽  
Transmembrane Segment ◽  
Gating Currents ◽  
Voltage Sensing ◽  
Charge Voltage ◽  
Charge Dynamics ◽  
Gating Charge ◽  
Kv4 Channels ◽  
Dipeptidyl Aminopeptidase

Dipeptidyl aminopeptidase–like proteins (DPLPs) interact with Kv4 channels and thereby induce a profound remodeling of activation and inactivation gating. DPLPs are constitutive components of the neuronal Kv4 channel complex, and recent observations have suggested the critical functional role of the single transmembrane segment of these proteins (Zagha, E., A. Ozaita, S.Y. Chang, M.S. Nadal, U. Lin, M.J. Saganich, T. McCormack, K.O. Akinsanya, S.Y. Qi, and B. Rudy. 2005. J. Biol. Chem. 280:18853–18861). However, the underlying mechanism of action is unknown. We hypothesized that a unique interaction between the Kv4.2 channel and a DPLP found in brain (DPPX-S) may remodel the channel's voltage-sensing domain. To test this hypothesis, we implemented a robust experimental system to measure Kv4.2 gating currents and study gating charge dynamics in the absence and presence of DPPX-S. The results demonstrated that coexpression of Kv4.2 and DPPX-S causes a −26 mV parallel shift in the gating charge-voltage (Q-V) relationship. This shift is associated with faster outward movements of the gating charge over a broad range of relevant membrane potentials and accelerated gating charge return upon repolarization. In sharp contrast, DPPX-S had no effect on gating charge movements of the Shaker B Kv channel. We propose that DPPX-S destabilizes resting and intermediate states in the voltage-dependent activation pathway, which promotes the outward gating charge movement. The remodeling of gating charge dynamics may involve specific protein–protein interactions of the DPPX-S's transmembrane segment with the voltage-sensing and pore domains of the Kv4.2 channel. This mechanism may determine the characteristic fast operation of neuronal Kv4 channels in the subthreshold range of membrane potentials.

Size and temporal dependence of the metastable decay probabilities of ionized rare gas clusters

1992 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 3624-3627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Ji ◽  
M. Foltin ◽  
C. H. Liao ◽  
T. D. Märk
Keyword(s):  
Rare Gas ◽  
Temporal Dependence ◽  
Metastable Decay ◽  
Gas Clusters ◽  
Rare Gas Clusters
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