Recent developments in gravity-wave effects in climate models and the global distribution of gravity-wave momentum flux from observations and models

2010 ◽  
Vol 136 (650) ◽  
pp. 1103-1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Alexander ◽  
M. Geller ◽  
C. McLandress ◽  
S. Polavarapu ◽  
P. Preusse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Wave ◽  
Momentum Flux ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Global Distribution ◽  
Wave Effects ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Wave Momentum

scholarly journals Sensitivity of Gravity Wave Fluxes to Interannual Variations in Tropical Convection and Zonal Wind

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (9) ◽  
pp. 2701-2716 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Joan Alexander ◽  
David A. Ortland ◽  
Alison W. Grimsdell ◽  
Ji-Eun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Wave ◽  
Gravity Waves ◽  
Momentum Flux ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Interannual Variations ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
Quasi Biennial Oscillation ◽  
Regional Variations ◽  
Wave Momentum

Abstract Using an idealized model framework with high-frequency tropical latent heating variability derived from global satellite observations of precipitation and clouds, the authors examine the properties and effects of gravity waves in the lower stratosphere, contrasting conditions in an El Niño year and a La Niña year. The model generates a broad spectrum of tropical waves including planetary-scale waves through mesoscale gravity waves. The authors compare modeled monthly mean regional variations in wind and temperature with reanalyses and validate the modeled gravity waves using satellite- and balloon-based estimates of gravity wave momentum flux. Some interesting changes in the gravity spectrum of momentum flux are found in the model, which are discussed in terms of the interannual variations in clouds, precipitation, and large-scale winds. While regional variations in clouds, precipitation, and winds are dramatic, the mean gravity wave zonal momentum fluxes entering the stratosphere differ by only 11%. The modeled intermittency in gravity wave momentum flux is shown to be very realistic compared to observations, and the largest-amplitude waves are related to significant gravity wave drag forces in the lowermost stratosphere. This strong intermittency is generally absent or weak in climate models because of deficiencies in parameterizations of gravity wave intermittency. These results suggest a way forward to improve model representations of the lowermost stratospheric quasi-biennial oscillation winds and teleconnections.

scholarly journals Impact of Global Warming on Gravity Wave Momentum Flux in the Lower Stratosphere

SOLA ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 189-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shingo Watanabe ◽  
Tatsuya Nagashima ◽  
Seita Emori
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Gravity Wave ◽  
Momentum Flux ◽  
Lower Stratosphere ◽  
Wave Momentum

scholarly journals Unexpected climatological behavior of MLT gravity wave momentum flux in the lee of the Southern Andes hot spot

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 1182-1191 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Wit ◽  
D. Janches ◽  
D. C. Fritts ◽  
R. G. Stockwell ◽  
L. Coy
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Wave ◽  
Momentum Flux ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Southern Andes ◽  
Wave Momentum

Characterization of Momentum Transport Associated with Organized Moist Convection and Gravity Waves

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 3208-3225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd P. Lane ◽  
Mitchell W. Moncrieff
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Wave ◽  
Gravity Waves ◽  
Momentum Flux ◽  
Tropical Convection ◽  
Momentum Transport ◽  
Moist Convection ◽  
Convective Systems ◽  
Convective Momentum Transport ◽  
Convective Organization ◽  
Wave Momentum

Abstract Tropical convection is inherently multiscalar, involving complex fields of clouds and various regimes of convective organization ranging from small disorganized cumulus up to large organized convective clusters. In addition to being a crucial component of the atmospheric water cycle and the global heat budget, tropical convection induces vertical fluxes of horizontal momentum. There are two main contributions to the momentum transport. The first resides entirely in the troposphere and is due to ascent, descent, and organized circulations associated with precipitating convective systems. The second resides in the troposphere, stratosphere, and farther aloft and is caused by vertically propagating gravity waves. Both the convective momentum transport and the gravity wave momentum flux must be parameterized in general circulation models; yet in existing parameterizations, these two processes are treated independently. This paper examines the relationship between the convective momentum transport and convectively generated gravity wave momentum flux by utilizing idealized simulations of multiscale tropical convection in different wind shear conditions. The simulations produce convective systems with a variety of regimes of convective organization and therefore different convective momentum transport properties and gravity wave spectra. A number of important connections are identified, including a consistency in the sign of the momentum transports in the lower troposphere and stratosphere that is linked to the generation of gravity waves by tilted convective structures. These results elucidate important relationships between the convective momentum transport and the gravity wave momentum flux that will be useful for interlinking their parameterization in the future.

First results of tropospheric gravity wave momentum flux measurements over Christmas Island

Radio Science ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 727-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Chang ◽  
S. K. Avery ◽  
A. C. Riddle ◽  
S. E. Palo ◽  
K. S. Gage
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Wave ◽  
Momentum Flux ◽  
Christmas Island ◽  
First Results ◽  
Flux Measurements ◽  
Wave Momentum

scholarly journals An 18‐Year Climatology of Directional Stratospheric Gravity Wave Momentum Flux From 3‐D Satellite Observations

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (22) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. P. Hindley ◽  
C. J. Wright ◽  
L. Hoffmann ◽  
T. Moffat‐Griffin ◽  
N. J. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Wave ◽  
Momentum Flux ◽  
Satellite Observations ◽  
Wave Momentum
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