scholarly journals Tropical cyclone genesis over the Western North Pacific impacted by SST anomalies from other basins while El Niño decays

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin‐Hua Yu ◽  
Lijian Ou ◽  
Lin Chen ◽  
Laurent Li ◽  
Ming Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclone ◽  
El Niño ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Western North Pacific ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Tropical Cyclone Genesis ◽  
Cyclone Genesis ◽  
Sst Anomalies

scholarly journals Differences in Western North Pacific Tropical Cyclone Activity among Three El Niño Phases

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (18) ◽  
pp. 7983-8002
Author(s):  
Jinjie Song ◽  
Philip J. Klotzbach ◽  
Yihong Duan
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclone ◽  
El Niño ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Western North Pacific ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Walker Circulation ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Central Pacific El Niño ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Sst Anomalies

AbstractThe impacts of El Niño on tropical cyclone (TC) activity over the western North Pacific (WNP) are examined through investigation of three types of tropical Pacific warming episodes according to where the maximum sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies occur in the equatorial Pacific: the eastern Pacific El Niño (EPE), the central Pacific El Niño (CPE), and the mixed El Niño (ME). More TCs form over the eastern part of the WNP in all three El Niño types, whereas the frequency of TCs over the western part of the WNP increases as the peak SST anomalies migrate from east to west. Although TCs more frequently recurve at higher latitudes during EPE and CPE, the most frequent region for recurving is much closer to the East Asian continent in CPE years than in EPE years. In contrast, more TCs track westward and threaten the Philippines in ME years. The increased TC genesis over the western part of the WNP can be explained by enhanced low-level relative vorticity, reduced vertical wind shear, and increased maximum potential intensity during CPE and increased midlevel moisture during EPE and ME. This increase is further related to updraft anomalies near the date line driven by an anomalous Walker circulation and an anomalous low-level cyclonic circulation over the WNP. The TC track differences among the different El Niño types are linked to the east–west shift of the western Pacific subtropical high, possibly caused by an anomalous Hadley circulation from 120° to 130°E that is strongly coupled with the anomalous Walker circulation.

scholarly journals Multi-model Projection of Tropical Cyclone Genesis Frequency over the Western North Pacific: CMIP5 Results

SOLA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (0) ◽  
pp. 137-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoru Yokoi ◽  
Chiharu Takahashi ◽  
Kazuaki Yasunaga ◽  
Ryuichi Shirooka
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclone ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Western North Pacific ◽  
Tropical Cyclone Genesis ◽  
Model Projection ◽  
Cyclone Genesis ◽  
Genesis Frequency

Impact of the cross-tropopause wind shear on tropical cyclone genesis over the Western North Pacific in May

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 3845-3855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingliang Huangfu ◽  
Wen Chen ◽  
Maoqiu Jian ◽  
Ronghui Huang
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclone ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Wind Shear ◽  
Western North Pacific ◽  
Tropical Cyclone Genesis ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Cyclone Genesis

scholarly journals Reintensification of the Anomalous Western North Pacific Anticyclone during the El Niño Modoki Decaying Summer: Relative Importance of Tropical Atlantic and Pacific SST Anomalies

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 3271-3288
Author(s):  
Juan Feng ◽  
Wen Chen ◽  
Xiaocong Wang
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Western North Pacific ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Central Pacific ◽  
El Niño Modoki ◽  
Sst Cooling ◽  
Sst Warming ◽  
Sst Anomalies

AbstractThe El Niño Modoki–induced anomalous western North Pacific anticyclone (WNPAC) undergoes an interesting reintensification process in the El Niño Modoki decaying summer, the period when El Niño Modoki decays but warm sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies over the tropical North Atlantic (TNA) and cold SST anomalies over the central-eastern Pacific (CEP) dominate. In this study, the region (TNA or CEP) in which the SST anomalies exert a relatively important influence on reintensification of the WNPAC is investigated. Observational analysis demonstrates that when only anomalous CEP SST cooling occurs, the WNPAC experiences a weak reintensification. In contrast, when only anomalous TNA SST warming emerges, the WNPAC experiences a remarkable reintensification. Numerical simulation analysis demonstrates that even though the same magnitude of CEP SST cooling and TNA warming is respectively set to force the atmospheric general circulation model, the response of the WNPAC is still much stronger in the TNA warming experiment than in the CEP cooling experiment. Further analysis demonstrates that this difference is caused by the distinct location of the effective tropical forcing between the CEP SST cooling and TNA SST warming for producing a WNPAC. The CEP cooling-induced effective anomalous diabatic cooling is located in the central Pacific, by which the forced anticyclone becomes gradually weak from the central Pacific to the western North Pacific. Thus, a weak WNPAC is produced. In contrast, as the TNA SST warming–induced effective anomalous diabatic cooling is just located in the western North Pacific via a Kelvin wave–induced Ekman divergence process, the forced anticyclone is significant and powerful in the western North Pacific.

Developing versus Nondeveloping Disturbances for Tropical Cyclone Formation. Part II: Western North Pacific

2012 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 1067-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Fu ◽  
Melinda S. Peng ◽  
Tim Li ◽  
Duane E. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclone ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Western North Pacific ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Relative Vorticity ◽  
Tropical Cyclone Genesis ◽  
Horizontal Shear ◽  
The North ◽  
Thermodynamic Variables ◽  
Cyclone Genesis

Global daily reanalysis fields from the Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System (NOGAPS) are used to analyze Northern Hemisphere summertime (June–September) developing and nondeveloping disturbances for tropical cyclone (TC) formation from 2003 to 2008. This is Part II of the study focusing on the western North Pacific (WNP), following Part I for the North Atlantic (NATL) basin. Tropical cyclone genesis in the WNP shows different characteristics from that in the NATL in both large-scale environmental conditions and prestorm disturbances. A box difference index (BDI) is used to identify parameters in differentiating between the developing and nondeveloping disturbances. In order of importance, they are 1) 800-hPa maximum relative vorticity, 2) rain rate, 3) vertically averaged horizontal shear, 4) vertically averaged divergence, 5) 925–400-hPa water vapor content, 6) SST, and 7) translational speed. The study indicates that dynamic variables are more important in TC genesis in the WNP, while in Part I of the study the thermodynamic variables are identified as more important in the NATL. The characteristic differences between the WNP and the NATL are compared.

scholarly journals Improved Simulation of Tropical Cyclone Responses to ENSO in the Western North Pacific in the High-Resolution GFDL HiFLOR Coupled Climate Model*

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 1391-1415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Gabriel A. Vecchi ◽  
Hiroyuki Murakami ◽  
Thomas Delworth ◽  
Andrew T. Wittenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Tropical Cyclone ◽  
El Niño ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Western North Pacific ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Walker Circulation ◽  
La Niña ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
La Nina

Abstract This study aims to assess whether, and the extent to which, an increase in atmospheric resolution of the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) Forecast-Oriented Low Ocean Resolution version of CM2.5 (FLOR) with 50-km resolution and the High-Resolution FLOR (HiFLOR) with 25-km resolution improves the simulation of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO)–tropical cyclone (TC) connections in the western North Pacific (WNP). HiFLOR simulates better ENSO–TC connections in the WNP including TC track density, genesis, and landfall than FLOR in both long-term control experiments and sea surface temperature (SST)- and sea surface salinity (SSS)-restoring historical runs (1971–2012). Restoring experiments are performed with SSS and SST restored to observational estimates of climatological SSS and interannually varying monthly SST. In the control experiments of HiFLOR, an improved simulation of the Walker circulation arising from more realistic SST and precipitation is largely responsible for its better performance in simulating ENSO–TC connections in the WNP. In the SST-restoring experiments of HiFLOR, more realistic Walker circulation and steering flow during El Niño and La Niña are responsible for the improved simulation of ENSO–TC connections in the WNP. The improved simulation of ENSO–TC connections with HiFLOR arises from a better representation of SST and better responses of environmental large-scale circulation to SST anomalies associated with El Niño or La Niña. A better representation of ENSO–TC connections in HiFLOR can benefit the seasonal forecasting of TC genesis, track, and landfall; improve understanding of the interannual variation of TC activity; and provide better projection of TC activity under climate change.

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