Trazodone shows no cognitive benefit in patients with dementia

2022 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-8
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Benefit

scholarly journals Meta-Analysis on Cognitive Benefit of Exercise after Stroke

Complexity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Bo Yang ◽  
Shuming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Cognitive Benefit

ObjectiveThe objective of this paper is to evaluate the cognitive benefit of exercise after stroke, so as to provide more accurate and reliable guidance for targeted exercise intervention. Methods. Randomized controlled trials of the relationship between exercise and cognition after stroke were identified in Cochrane Library and PubMed. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane tool of bias. SMD and 95% confidence intervals were calculated, and Chi-squared test (Q) was adopted to estimate the heterogeneity. Results. (a) Twenty-three studies met inclusion criteria, including 1528 participants. Heterogeneity was from low to high such as attention (I2 = 0.00%), executive function (I2 = 0.00%), cognition (I2 = 64%), and working memory (I2 = 77%). (b) The overall effect on cognition was small (SMD = 0.16 [0.04, 0.28]) but significant and there is a difference between cognitive domains in attention (SMD = −0.35 [−0.57, −0.14]), executive function (SMD = −0.24 [−0.40, −0.08]), and working memory (SMD = 0.36 [0.20, 0.53]). (c) Exercise training was less effective before the 18th month after stroke. Higher benefits on cognition were found after combined therapy compared with other exercise programs, and the older the stroke survivors, the less the cognitive benefit of exercise. Conclusion. Small-to-moderate effect of exercise on cognitive benefit after stroke was found, and the effect was moderated by treatment protocols and sample characteristics.

scholarly journals When Culture Influences Genes: Positive Age Beliefs Amplify the Cognitive-Aging Benefit of APOE ε2

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (8) ◽  
pp. e198-e203
Author(s):  
Becca R Levy ◽  
Martin D Slade ◽  
Robert H Pietrzak ◽  
Luigi Ferrucci
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Cognitive Benefit ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Retirement Study

Abstract Objectives Most studies of aging cognition have focused on risk factors for worse performance and on either genetic or environmental factors. In contrast, we examined whether 2 factors known to individually benefit aging cognition may interact to produce better cognition: environment-based positive age beliefs and the APOE ε2 gene. Method The sample consisted of 3,895 Health and Retirement Study participants who were 60 years or older at baseline and completed as many as 5 assessments of cognition over 8 years. Results As predicted, positive age beliefs amplified the cognitive benefit of APOE ε2. In contrast, negative age beliefs suppressed the cognitive benefit of APOE ε2. We also found that positive age beliefs contributed nearly 15 times more than APOE ε2 to better cognition. Discussion This study provides the first known evidence that self-perceptions can influence the impact of a gene on cognition. The results underscore the importance of combined psychosocial and biological approaches to understanding cognitive function in older adults.

O3-06-05: Sustained cognitive benefit in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) upon prolonged treatment with CHF5074

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. P530-P530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Ross ◽  
Sanjiv K. Sharma ◽  
Abhijit Chatterjee ◽  
Jaron Winston ◽  
Gabriella Bottini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Cognitive Benefit

Aerobic and Cognitive Exercise (ACE) Pilot Study for Older Adults: Executive Function Improves with Cognitive Challenge While Exergaming

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 768-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Barcelos ◽  
Nikita Shah ◽  
Katherine Cohen ◽  
Michael J. Hogan ◽  
Eamon Mulkerrin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Cognitive Demand ◽  
Differential Outcomes ◽  
Single Bout ◽  
Cognitive Challenge ◽  
Cognitive Benefit ◽  
High Cognitive Demand

AbstractDementia cases are increasing worldwide; thus, investigators seek to identify interventions that might prevent or ameliorate cognitive decline in later life. Extensive research confirms the benefits of physical exercise for brain health, yet only a fraction of older adults exercise regularly. Interactive mental and physical exercise, as in aerobic exergaming, not only motivates, but has also been found to yield cognitive benefit above and beyond traditional exercise. This pilot study sought to investigate whether greater cognitive challenge while exergaming would yield differential outcomes in executive function and generalize to everyday functioning. Sixty-four community based older adults (mean age=82) were randomly assigned to pedal a stationary bike, while interactively engaging on-screen with: (1) a low cognitive demand task (bike tour), or (2) a high cognitive demand task (video game). Executive function (indices from Trails, Stroop and Digit Span) was assessed before and after a single-bout and 3-month exercise intervention. Significant group × time interactions were found after a single-bout (Color Trails) and after 3 months of exergaming (Stroop; among 20 adherents). Those in the high cognitive demand group performed better than those in the low cognitive dose condition. Everyday function improved across both exercise conditions. Pilot data indicate that for older adults, cognitive benefit while exergaming increased concomitantly with higher doses of interactive mental challenge. (JINS, 2015,21, 768–779)

scholarly journals Exercise Test Performance Reveals Evidence of the Cardiorespiratory Fitness Hypothesis

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra A. Billinger ◽  
Eric D. Vidoni ◽  
Jill K. Morris ◽  
John P. Thyfault ◽  
Jeffrey M. Burns
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Cognitive Change ◽  
Cognitive Testing ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
Cognitive Test ◽  
Cognitive Responses ◽  
Cognitive Benefit ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Cognitive Test Performance

Positive physiologic and cognitive responses to aerobic exercise have resulted in a proposed cardiorespiratory (CR) fitness hypothesis in which fitness gains drive changes leading to cognitive benefit. The purpose of this study was to directly assess the CR fitness hypothesis. Using data from an aerobic exercise trial, we examined individuals who completed cardiopulmonary and cognitive testing at baseline and 26 weeks. Change in cognitive test performance was not related to CR fitness change (r2 = .06, p = .06). However, in the subset of individuals who gave excellent effort during exercise testing, change in cognitive test performance was related to CR fitness change (r2 = .33, p < .01). This was largely due to change in the cognitive domain of attention (r2 = .36, p < .01). The magnitude of change was not explained by duration of exercise. Our findings support further investigation of the CR fitness hypothesis and mechanisms by which physiologic adaptation may drive cognitive change.

No Cognitive Benefit Seen for Donepezil

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
SHARON WORCESTER
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Benefit

Effect of bilingualism on infants’ cognitive flexibility

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Diane Poulin-Dubois ◽  
Cassandra Neumann ◽  
Sandra Masoud ◽  
Adina Gazith
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Cognitive Flexibility ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Delayed Response ◽  
Reaching Task ◽  
Bilingual Advantage ◽  
Cognitive Benefit ◽  
Response Task ◽  
Current Exposure

Abstract Research suggests that bilinguals often outperform monolinguals on tasks that tap into executive functions, such as those requiring conflict resolution and cognitive flexibility. Recently, better attentional control has been detected in infants as young as 6 months, thereby providing a possible basis for a cognitive benefit before language production. The goal of the present study was to examine if cognitive flexibility is more advanced in bilingual infants. A detour reaching task assessing conflict resolution, a delayed response task assessing shifting, and a multiple location task assessing maintaining, were administered to 17-month-old infants. The main findings revealed that being bilingual did not improve performance on any of the executive function tasks. Furthermore, current exposure to a second language or language proficiency did not impact executive functioning. We conclude that a bilingual advantage in cognitive flexibility may not be present before children have enough experience in code switching.

THE DIRTY WORD

Think ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (27) ◽  
pp. 77-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Berman ◽  
Natasha Berman
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Propositional Logic ◽  
Early Years ◽  
The Past ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Lasting Impression ◽  
Cognitive Benefit

For the first two years of my daughter's life, I was scheduled to teach an Introductory Logic course. While I had taught Critical Thinking courses in the past, having to steep myself in categorical and propositional logic left a lasting impression on my own thinking. More importantly, though, these courses influenced my speech-habits during the early years of my child's development. By no means do I intend to assert that my child somehow gained some cognitive benefit from my communication with her during these early stages of her life. Rather, it seems that she acquired the particular virtue of tolerating her father's habit of voicing strangely worded utterances. As she has passed the three and half year mark, her own communication skills and means of expression are well on their way towards developing into her own distinct styles. This I know because we talk a lot. Often times these dialogues are about day care, her friends, or princesses and lots of pink stuff. But sometimes a gem of an argument develops.

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