Effect of Different Curcuminoid Supplement Dosages on Total In Vivo Antioxidant Capacity and Cholesterol Levels of Healthy Human Subjects

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1721-1726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanit Pungcharoenkul ◽  
Phensri Thongnopnua
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Healthy Human Subjects

scholarly journals Morphometric changes in the human pulmonary acinus during inflation

2012 ◽  
Vol 112 (6) ◽  
pp. 937-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Hajari ◽  
D. A. Yablonskiy ◽  
A. L. Sukstanskii ◽  
J. D. Quirk ◽  
M. S. Conradi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Subjects ◽  
Alveolar Volume ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Lung Inflation ◽  
Pulmonary Acinus ◽  
Anisotropic Expansion ◽  
Healthy Human Subjects ◽  
Alveolar Duct ◽  
Gas Volume

Despite decades of research into the mechanisms of lung inflation and deflation, there is little consensus about whether lung inflation occurs due to the recruitment of new alveoli or by changes in the size and/or shape of alveoli and alveolar ducts. In this study we use in vivo 3He lung morphometry via MRI to measure the average alveolar depth and alveolar duct radius at three levels of inspiration in five healthy human subjects and calculate the average alveolar volume, surface area, and the total number of alveoli at each level of inflation. Our results indicate that during a 143 ± 18% increase in lung gas volume, the average alveolar depth decreases 21 ±5%, the average alveolar duct radius increases 7 ± 3%, and the total number of alveoli increases by 96 ± 9% (results are means ± SD between subjects; P < 0.001, P < 0.01, and P < 0.00001, respectively, via paired t-tests). Thus our results indicate that in healthy human subjects the lung inflates primarily by alveolar recruitment and, to a lesser extent, by anisotropic expansion of alveolar ducts.

scholarly journals Secreted microbial metabolites modulate gut immunity and inflammatory tone

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabina Giri ◽  
Emily C. Hoedt ◽  
Khushi Shamsunnahar ◽  
Michael A. McGuckin ◽  
Mark Morrison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Intestinal Immunity ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Healthy Human Subjects ◽  
Gut Immunity ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

AbstractEvidence is emerging that microbiome–immune system crosstalk regulates the tenor of host intestinal immunity and predisposition to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We identified five NF-κB suppressive strains affiliated with Clostridium clusters IV, XIVa and XV that independently suppressed secretion of the chemokine IL-8 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells and gut epithelial organoids from healthy human subjects, as well as patients with the predominant IBD subtypes, Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. The NF-κB suppressive Clostridium bolteae AHG0001, but not C. bolteae BAA-613, suppressed cytokine-driven inflammatory responses and endoplasmic reticulum stress in gut epithelial organoids derived from Winnie mice that develop spontaneous colitis. This predicted in vivo responses thereby validating a precision medicine approach to treat Winnie colitis and suggesting the microbiome may function as an extrinsic regulator of host immunity. Finally, we identified a novel molecule associated with NF-κB suppression indicating gut bacteria could be harnessed to develop new therapeutics.

scholarly journals Oxyphytosterols are present in plasma of healthy human subjects

2004 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Grandgirard ◽  
Lucy Martine ◽  
Luc Demaison ◽  
Catherine Cordelet ◽  
Corinne Joffre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Subjects ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Human Samples ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Healthy Human Subjects ◽  
Few Data ◽  
Derivatives Of

The oxidised derivatives of phytosterols (oxyphytosterols) were identified in plasma samples from thirteen healthy human volunteers, using MS. All the samples contained noticeable quantities of (24R)-5β,6β-epoxy-24-ethylcholestan-3β-ol (β-epoxysitostanol) and (24R)-ethylcholestan-3β,5α,6β-triol (sitostanetriol) and also trace levels of (24R)-5α,6α-epoxy-24-ethylcholestan-3β-ol (α-epoxysitostanol), (24R)-methylcholestan-3β,5α,6β-triol (campestanetriol) and (24R)-ethylch olest-5-en-3β-ol-7-one(7-ketositosterol). The amounts of these oxyphytosterols in plasma varied from 4·8 to 57·2 ng/ml. There are two possibilities concerning the origin of these compounds. First, they could come from the small amounts of oxyphytosterols in food. Second, they could originate from the in vivo oxidation of phytosterols in plasma. Very few data actually exist concerning these compounds. Their identification in human samples suggests that further research is necessary in this field.

In vivo PET study of cerebral [11C] methyltetrahydroaminoacridine distribution and kinetics in healthy human subjects

1999 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Latchezar Traykov ◽  
Bertrand Tavitian ◽  
Antoinette Jobert ◽  
Francois Boller ◽  
Francoise Forette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Subjects ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Healthy Human Subjects

scholarly journals In vivo evidence of a functional association between immune cells in blood and brain in healthy human subjects

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 149-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Kanegawa ◽  
Karin Collste ◽  
Anton Forsberg ◽  
Martin Schain ◽  
Ryosuke Arakawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Cells ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Functional Association ◽  
Healthy Human Subjects

scholarly journals GH signaling in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue in healthy human subjects: impact of gender and age

2014 ◽  
Vol 171 (5) ◽  
pp. 623-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poul F Vestergaard ◽  
Mikkel H Vendelbo ◽  
Steen B Pedersen ◽  
Anders Juul ◽  
Steffen Ringgard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Subjects ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Young Group ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Healthy Human Subjects ◽  
Constitutive Overexpression ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveThe mechanisms underlying the impact of age and gender on the GH–IGF1 axis remain unclear. We tested the hypothesis that age and gender have impacts on GH signaling in human subjects in vivo.DesignA total of 20 healthy non-obese adults (‘young group’ <30 years (5F/5M) and ‘old group’ >60 years (5F/5M)) were studied after: i) an i.v. GH bolus (0.5 mg) and ii) saline.MethodsMuscle and fat biopsies were obtained after 30 and 120 min. Total and phosphorylated STAT5B proteins, gene expression of IGF1, SOCS1, SOCS2, SOCS3 and CISH, body composition, VO2max, and muscle strength were measured.ResultsIn the GH-unstimulated state, women displayed significantly elevated levels of CISH mRNA in muscle (P=0.002) and fat (P=0.05) and reduced levels of IGF1 mRNA in fat. Phosphorylated STAT5B (pSTAT5b) was maximally increased in all subjects 30 min after GH exposure and more pronounced in women when compared with men (P=0.01). IGF1, SOCS1, SOCS2, SOCS3, and CISH mRNA expression increased significantly in muscle after 120 min in all subjects with no impact of age and gender. GH-induced pSTAT5b correlated inversely with lean body mass (LBM; r=−0.56, P=0.01) and positively with the CISH mRNA response (r=0.533, P=0.05).Conclusioni) GH signaling in muscle and fat after a single GH bolus in healthy human subjects is age independent, ii) we hypothesize that constitutive overexpression of CISH may contribute to the relative GH resistance in women, and iii) experimental studies on the impact of sex steroid administration and physical training on GH signaling in human subjects in vivo are required.

scholarly journals A randomised, double- blind, cross-over study investigating the prebiotic effect of agave fructans in healthy human subjects

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Ramnani ◽  
A. Costabile ◽  
A. G. R. Bustillo ◽  
G. R. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Secretory Iga ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Healthy Human Subjects ◽  
Gradient Gel Electrophoresis

AbstractThis placebo-controlled, randomised, double-blind, cross-over human feeding study aimed to determine the prebiotic effect of agave fructans. A total of thirty-eight volunteers completed this trial. The treatment consisted of 3 weeks' supplementation with 5 g/d of prebiotic agave fructan (Predilife) or equivalent placebo (maltodextrin), followed by a 2-week washout period following which subjects were crossed over to alternate the treatment arm for 3 weeks followed by a 2-week washout. Faecal samples were collected at baseline, on the last day of treatment (days 22 and 58) and washout (days 36 and 72), respectively. Changes in faecal bacterial populations, SCFA and secretory IgA were assessed using fluorescentin situhybridisation, GC and ELISA, respectively. Bowel movements, stool consistencies, abdominal comfort and mood changes were evaluated by a recorded daily questionnaire. In parallel, the effect of agave fructans on different regions of the colon using a three-stage continuous culture simulator was studied. Predilife significantly increased faecal bifidobacteria (log109·6 (sd0·4)) and lactobacilli (log107·7 (sd0·8)) compared with placebo (log109·2 (sd0·4);P = 0·00) (log107·4 (sd0·7);P= 0·000), respectively. No change was observed for other bacterial groups tested, SCFA, secretory IgA, and PGE2concentrations between the treatment and placebo. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis indicated that bacterial communities were randomly dispersed and no significant differences were observed between Predilife and placebo treatments. Thein vitromodels showed similar increases in bifidobacterial and lactobacilli populations to that observed with thein vivotrial. To conclude, agave fructans are well tolerated in healthy human subjects and increased bifidobacteria and lactobacilli numbersin vitroandin vivobut did not influence other products of fermentation.

Effect of dietary intake and lifestyle factors on in vivo mutant frequency at the HPRT gene locus in healthy human subjects

1999 ◽  
Vol 431 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne A Barnett ◽  
Caroline A Warnock ◽  
Edwin S Gillespie ◽  
Christopher R Barnett ◽  
M.Barbara E Livingstone
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Gene Locus ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Hprt Gene ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Healthy Human Subjects ◽  
Mutant Frequency
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