Nonequilibrium Statistical Theory of Channeling. Energy–Momentum Balance Equation and Transverse Quasitemperature of a Channeled Particle Subsystem

1995 ◽  
Vol 190 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. A. Kashlev
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Theory ◽  
Balance Equation ◽  
Momentum Balance ◽  
Momentum Balance Equation ◽  
Channeled Particle

scholarly journals Electromagnetic momentum balance equation and the force density in material media

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Campos ◽  
J.L. Jiménez ◽  
M.A. López-Mariño
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Lorentz Force ◽  
Balance Equation ◽  
Momentum Balance ◽  
Force Density ◽  
External Fields ◽  
Momentum Balance Equation ◽  
Current Distributions ◽  
Electromagnetic Momentum ◽  
Arbitrary Charge

We present a momentum balance equation derived directly from Maxwell's equations. This equation contains a force density, which we call Maxwell's force density, which generalizes the Lorentz force density, now including total fields rather than only external fields, and arbitrary charge and current distributions. As a test for this balance equation we derive for gases the electrostatic and magnetostatic Helmholtz force densities. This deduction will be useful for advanced undergraduates and graduate students, as well as for specialists interested in the conceptual aspects of electromagnetism.

scholarly journals Sea-ice mechanical energy balance: nearshore Chukchi Sea, 1982

1991 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Robert S. Pritchard
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Balance Equation ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Chukchi Sea ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Power Input ◽  
Energy Balance Equation ◽  
Momentum Balance ◽  
Momentum Balance Equation

The mechanical energy balance of sea ice provides information about ice dynamic behavior, driving forces and the constitutive law. The energy balance equation, formed as the product of ice velocity with the ice momentum balance equation, describes changes to the kinetic and potential energy densities as power is input to the ice by wind and current. The momentum balance equation may also be used to describe the ice-stress divergence, air stress, and water stress, but the scalar form of the energy balance is simpler to understand. This paper provides new interpretations of several terms in the energy balance equation, in particular power input by air and water stress and by sea-surface tilt. Barometric pressure fields and drifting buoys deployed on the Chukchi Sea ice cover during 1982 provide wind, ice motion and current measurements that allow each term in the energy balance equation to be evaluated as a function of time. Magnitudes of power input by wind and current show how the energy balance is decomposed and help describe the relative importance of these driving forces. In the nearshore Chukchi Sea during February, March and April 1982, both wind and current provided significant forcing of the ice. Ice stress was also important and, at times, dominated other terms in the mechanical energy balance.

scholarly journals A NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE LONGSHORE CURRENT PROFILE FOR MULTIPLE BAR/TROUGH BEACHES

1986 ◽  
Vol 1 (20) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven K. Baum ◽  
David R. Basco
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Wave Height ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Balance Equation ◽  
Surf Zone ◽  
Momentum Balance ◽  
Longshore Current ◽  
Current Profile ◽  
Momentum Balance Equation ◽  
Wave Decay

A numerical model is developed which calculates the longshore current profile for an arbitrary bottom profile. The basis of the model is the use of radiation stress theory in a longshore momentum balance equation which includes a driving stress, a bottom stress, and a lateral mixing stress. Each of the stresses is derived from previously developed formulations, rederiving them to take into account separate cross shore variations in the wave height and the water depth, as well as the wave approach angle. This is done to dispense with the constant wave breaking index assumption used to model wave decay in the surf zone, which is rejected as unrealistic for natural beaches. A numerical model is used to calculate distributions of the wave height and water depth across the surf zone for arbitrary, yet realistic, bottom profiles. A numerical model of the theoretically derived longshore momentum balance equation is developed and solved using the distributions obtained from the wave decay model. The profiles calculated are compared to previous theoretical models and to laboratory and field measurements.

scholarly journals Sea-ice mechanical energy balance: nearshore Chukchi Sea, 1982

1991 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Robert S. Pritchard
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Balance Equation ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Chukchi Sea ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Power Input ◽  
Energy Balance Equation ◽  
Momentum Balance ◽  
Momentum Balance Equation

The mechanical energy balance of sea ice provides information about ice dynamic behavior, driving forces and the constitutive law. The energy balance equation, formed as the product of ice velocity with the ice momentum balance equation, describes changes to the kinetic and potential energy densities as power is input to the ice by wind and current. The momentum balance equation may also be used to describe the ice-stress divergence, air stress, and water stress, but the scalar form of the energy balance is simpler to understand. This paper provides new interpretations of several terms in the energy balance equation, in particular power input by air and water stress and by sea-surface tilt. Barometric pressure fields and drifting buoys deployed on the Chukchi Sea ice cover during 1982 provide wind, ice motion and current measurements that allow each term in the energy balance equation to be evaluated as a function of time. Magnitudes of power input by wind and current show how the energy balance is decomposed and help describe the relative importance of these driving forces. In the nearshore Chukchi Sea during February, March and April 1982, both wind and current provided significant forcing of the ice. Ice stress was also important and, at times, dominated other terms in the mechanical energy balance.

404 Experimental Study on a Three-Dimensional Wall Jet : Momentum Balance Equation

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009.58 (0) ◽  
pp. 231-232
Author(s):  
Takaaki NISHIZUKA ◽  
Yoshihiro INOUE ◽  
Shintaro YAMASHITA ◽  
Haruhisa YANO
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Balance Equation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Momentum Balance ◽  
Wall Jet ◽  
Momentum Balance Equation

Jeans-Alfvén instability in quantum dusty magnetoplasmas

2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jamil ◽  
A. Rasheed ◽  
M. Amir ◽  
G. Abbas ◽  
Young-Dae Jung
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Electron Number Density ◽  
Fluid Model ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Momentum Balance ◽  
Number Density ◽  
Electron Number ◽  
Momentum Balance Equation ◽  
Quantum Plasmas ◽  
Jeans Instability

The Jeans instability is examined in quantum dusty magnetoplasmas due to low-frequency magnetosonic perturbations. The fluid model consisting of the momentum balance equation for quantum plasmas, Poisson’s equation for the gravitational potential and Maxwell’s equations for electromagnetic magnetosonic perturbations is solved. The numerical analysis elaborates the significant contribution of magnetic field, electron number density and variable dust mass to the Jeans instability.

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