Plant strengtheners enhance parasitoid attraction to herbivore-damaged cotton via qualitative and quantitative changes in induced volatiles

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 686-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Islam S Sobhy ◽  
Matthias Erb ◽  
Ted CJ Turlings
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Induced Volatiles ◽  
Quantitative Changes ◽  
Parasitoid Attraction

scholarly journals Oviposition-Induced Volatiles Affect Electrophysiological and Behavioral Responses of Egg Parasitoids

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 437
Author(s):  
Panagiotis G Milonas ◽  
Eirini Anastasaki ◽  
Georgios Partsinevelos
Keyword(s):  
Host Location ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Egg Parasitoids ◽  
Headspace Volatiles ◽  
Behavioral Experiments ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Induced Volatiles ◽  
Quantitative Changes

In response to an attack by herbivores, plants emit a variety of compounds that may act as semiochemicals. Oviposition-induced volatiles (OIPVs) have been shown to mediate interactions between plants and natural enemies. Here, we investigated the role of OIPVs by Tuta absoluta towards two egg parasitoids, Trichogramma cordubense and T. achaeae. We collected headspace volatiles from tomato plants at 24, 48, and 72 h after oviposition by T. absoluta females and tested the antennographic response of Trichogramma parasitoids to them by means of gas chromatography- electro-antennographical detection (GC-EAD). The response of the parasitoids was also tested in behavioral experiments using a Y-tube olfactometer. Oviposition by T. absoluta females induced qualitative and quantitative changes in the volatiles emitted by tomato plants. Antennae of Trichogramma parasitoids responded to several of the induced volatiles in GC-EAD. T. cordubense females were attracted to tomato plants with T. absoluta eggs 24 h after oviposition. The elucidation of the behavior of egg parasitoids towards OIPVs enhances the development of sustainable management strategies either by selecting species that exploit OIPVs or by manipulating their foraging behavior by utilizing specific OIPVs that are used by parasitoids as a host location.

Expression of laminin and beta-1 integrin in embryonic, neonatal, and adult rat heart

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 182-183
Author(s):  
R.L. Price ◽  
T.K. Borg ◽  
L. Terracio ◽  
M. Nakagawa
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Expression ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Cytoplasmic Face ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Components ◽  
Basement Membrane Component ◽  
Beta 1 Integrin ◽  
Quantitative Changes ◽  
Cytoskeletal Elements ◽  
External Face

Little is known about the temporal expression of extracellular matrix components (ECM) and its receptors during development of the heart. Recent reports have shown that ECM components undergo both qualitative and quantitative changes during development, and it is believed that ECM components are important in the regulation of cell migration and cell:cell and cell:ECM recognition and adhesion.Integrins are transmembrane glycoproteins which bind several ECM components on their external face and cytoskeletal elements on the cytoplasmic face. Laminin is a basement membrane component which has been recognized as an important site for cell adhesion. Both the integrins and laminin are expressed early in development and continue to be expressed in the adult heart. With their documented roles in cell recognition, and cell:cell and cell:ECM migration and adhesion these proteins appear to be important components in development of the heart, and their temporal expression may play a pivotal role in morphogenesis and myofibrillogenesis of the heart.

Functional MR Imaging of the Motor Cortex in Active and Passive Movement: Qualitative and Quantitative Changes

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 425
Author(s):  
Ki Bong Yu ◽  
Myung Kwan Lim ◽  
Hyung Jin Kim ◽  
Jun Soo Byun ◽  
Young Kook Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Passive Movement ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Functional Mr Imaging ◽  
Quantitative Changes

STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS OF HUMAN INTESTINAL MICROBIOME IN DIFFERENT CLIMATIC AND ECOLOGICAL ZONES OF ST. PETERSBURG

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Bugero N.V. ◽  
Ilyina N.A. ◽  
Aleksandrova S.M.
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Horizontal Structure ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Symbiotic Relationships ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
Quantitative Changes ◽  
Micro Organisms

In order to understand the structure and dynamics of symbiotic relationships of human intestinal biotope micro-organisms, taxonomic constancy indices, the degree of contagion of the biocenosis under study and floristic significance were investigated, which made it possible to detect qualitative and quantitative changes in the microecology of the biotope being studied in persons living in different ecologically heterogeneous territories of Saint Petersburg. The contagiosity index estimated the distribution of species in space. Persons living in the ecologically disadvantaged Kirov district of the city have been found to show a reliable increase in this indicator for the obligate microflora: bifido and lacto bacteria, intestinal columns and bacteroids, compared to the resort district, which is considered a relatively favourable area for residence. On the contrary, there has been a reliable decrease in this indicator in the group of opportunistic micro-organisms (fungi of the genus Candida, staphylococcus, clostridium, etc.), resulting in the liberation of ecological niches successfully occupied by transient flora. This ratio reveals an imbalance of participation in the horizontal structure of the intestine ecosystem of the main symbiotes and representatives of the transient flora. To analyse the structure of symbiotic relationships, the constancy indices that form the microflora of the individuals of the groups studied were investigated. The analysis of the data obtained suggested that the dominant species in both groups were optional-anaerobic bifido and lactobacteria and oblique-anaerobic bacteroids. It should be noted, however, that in the residents of the dysfunctional Kirovsky district, against the background of the reduced constancy of the normal flora, opportunistic micro-organisms have entered. The floral significance index was also declining in the obligate flora of this group and increased for opportunistic species. Thus, the study of the environmental characteristics of the intestinal biotope using different ecological parameters for persons living in different technogenic load regions of St. Petersburg has shown that in the Kirov district with an unfavourable environmental situation there are compensated qualitative and quantitative changes in the intestinal microbiocenosis, resulting in a change in the hierarchy in the overall structure of micro-organisms.

Changes in Seryl-tRNA Formative in Developing Chick Muscle

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 838-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Nwagwu ◽  
John Lianga
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Muscle Protein Synthesis ◽  
Deae Cellulose ◽  
The Other ◽  
Embryonic Chick ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Embryonic Muscle ◽  
Quantitative Changes ◽  
The One

As a prelude to an analysis of the dependence of muscle protein synthesis on aminoacyl tRNA's, we have investigated the rates of seryl-tRNA formation, in vitro, by aminoacylating systems isolated from 11-, 14-, and 17-day chick embryonic muscle. The results show that the combination of 14-day tRNA and 14-day aminoacyl synthetase is the most efficient in seryl-tRNA formation. We have also studied the qualitative and quantitative changes in seryl-tRNA prepared from 11-, 14-, and 17-day embryonic chick muscle by chromatography of seryl-tRNA on benzoylated DEAE-cellulose columns. The results show that, although there are no qualitative differences in the chromatographic patterns of seryl-tRNA from the different ages, there are significant quantitative differences between the patterns for 11-day and 17-day seryl-tRNA on the one hand, and the pattern for 14-day seryl-tRNA on the other.

scholarly journals Dynamics of Microbial Indicators in Waste Water

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Vlad STOIAN ◽  
Roxana VIDICAN ◽  
Ioan ROTAR ◽  
Florin PĂCURAR
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Filamentous Bacteria ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
External Pressures ◽  
Quantitative Changes ◽  
Water Ecosystems ◽  
Microbial Groups ◽  
Foam Production

Water ecosystems are constantly under the pressure of a high number of biotic and abiotic factors, and their action leads to the occurrence of fluctuations in species and populations. The specific response of organisms to external pressures leads to the reorganization of ecosystems, with qualitative and quantitative changes. The aim is to identify the microbial groups with the highest potential in the waste waters. Data were collected during 2015-16 in Bistrita. Identifying the bioindicators quality of microorganisms and their importance in ecosystems was done by comparing them with international databases. The use of microorganisms as bioindicators involves knowing the requirements for one or more environmental variables. The concept refers to the ability of microorganisms to accumulate pollutants. Flagellates are tolerant to acidity and react quickly and with sensitivity to environmental stress by inhibiting their movement. The multiplication of flagellates and filamentous bacteria is manifested through water disturbance and foam production.

Ischemia of Rat Brain Decreases Pertussis Toxin-Catalyzed [32P]ADP Ribosylation of GTP-Binding Proteins (Gi1 and G0) in Membranes

1991 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsunobu Takenaka ◽  
Yasunori Kanaho ◽  
Koh-Ichi Nagata ◽  
Noboru Sakai ◽  
Hiromu Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
G Proteins ◽  
Pertussis Toxin ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Guanine Nucleotides ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Adp Ribosylation ◽  
Quantitative Changes ◽  
Control Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Of

As an approach to understanding the molecular basis of the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia, we examined qualitative and quantitative changes in pertussis toxin substrates, Gi1 and G0, in the membrane of rat cerebral cortex after decapitation. Within 1 min after decapitation, the extent of pertussis toxin-catalyzed [32P]ADP ribosylation of the G proteins in the cerebral cortex membrane was significantly decreased and the magnitude of the decrease became slightly larger upon further incubation of the decapitated brain. Addition of guanine nucleotides, GTP and GDP, or the purified βγ subunits of transducin to the membranes of control and ischemic cerebral cortex stimulated [32P]ADP ribosylation of the G proteins. The stimulation of [32P]ADP ribosylation in the control situation by guanine nucleotides was almost to the same extent as that in ischemia. However, the stimulation by transducin βγ subunits was different; the control stimulation was greater than that in ischemia. In immunoblots probed with antibodies against Gi1α G0α and Tβ, the immunoreactivity of the corresponding proteins in ischemia was similar to that in control, suggesting that the amounts of G proteins were not changed in ischemia. These results suggest that ischemia accelerates the dissociation of α–GDP–βγ to α–GDP and free βγ and causes the denaturation of the dissociated α–GDP, thereby decreasing [32P]ADP ribosylation.

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