Residues of zineb and ethylene thiourea in orchard treated pears and commercial pear products

1977 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 487-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian D. Ripley ◽  
Charles M. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Thiourea

scholarly journals FOXD3/FOXD4 is required for the development of hindgut in the rat model of anorectal malformation

2018 ◽  
Vol 243 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luo-Jia Wang ◽  
Wei-Lin Wang ◽  
Hong Gao ◽  
Yu-Zuo Bai ◽  
Shu-Cheng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Anorectal Malformation ◽  
Aberrant Expression ◽  
Strong Basis ◽  
Rat Embryos ◽  
Ethylene Thiourea

Congenital anorectal malformation is the most common digestive tract malformation in newborns. It has been reported that FOXD3/FOXD4, a forkhead transcription factor, regulates the generation, migration, and differentiation of neural crest cells. However, whether FOXD3/FOXD4 takes part in anorectal malformation remains unclear. In the present study, we used ethylene thiourea to induce the animal models of anorectal malformation in rat embryos and to interrogate the role of FOXD3/FOXD4 in anorectal malformation pathogenesis. Hindgut samples of the animal models were collected at E15, E17, E19, and E21 days of age. The expression of FOXD3/FOXD4 was detected by immunohistochemistry, western blot, and quantitative real-time fluorescence PCR. By immunohistochemical staining, FOXD3/FOXD4 was observed in epithelial cells of the rectum and the anus both in normal and rat embryos with anorectal malformation. Expression level analysis by western blot indicated that FOXD3/FOXD4 expression increased in ethylene thiourea-induced anorectal malformation groups. mRNA expression as determined by quantitative real-time fluorescence PCR analysis was consistent with the western blot results. Tentative conclusions were drawn that FOXD3/FOXD4 is expressed in the hindgut in rat embryos and is upregulated in anorectal malformation. FOXD3/FOXD4 is required for the development of the hindgut, and its aberrant expression may be an important factor leading to the incidence of anorectal malformation. Impact statement Congenital anorectal malformation (ARM) is the most common digestive tract malformation in newborns. The pathophysiological ground remains unclear. In this study, we used animal models of ARM for the first time to interrogate the role of FOXD3/FOXD4 in ARM pathogenesis. The animal models of ARM were successfully induced by ethylene thiourea (ETU) in rat embryos providing a strong basis for pathogenesis study of this disease. Expression analysis of FOXD3/FOXD4 was carried out in these models, and the results shape a deeper understanding of FOXD3/FOXD4 being required for the normal development of the hindgut. The aberrant expression of FOXD3/FOXD4 may be an important factor leading to ARM incidence.

Influence of different curing regimes on properties of new copolymer of chloroprene and acrylonitrile

2021 ◽  
pp. 009524432110386
Author(s):  
Mousumi De Sarkar ◽  
Takashi Sunada ◽  
Atsunori Kondo
Keyword(s):  
Stable State ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Product Families ◽  
Compression Set ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Chloroprene Rubber ◽  
Ethylene Thiourea ◽  
Curing Regimes ◽  
Curing Systems

The curing system plays a vital role in designing rubber compounds for various industrial applications. Therefore, it is paramount to establish viable curing strategies for any new elastomer to explore its application potentials and commercial significance. Impacts of different curing regimes on the properties of a recently developed copolymer of chloroprene and acrylonitrile (acrylonitrile-chloroprene rubber, NCR) are reported here. Several primary accelerators (four from thiourea- and one from thiazolene product families) were used for curing the new rubber along with fixed loadings of zinc oxide (5 phr) and magnesium oxide (4 phr). Besides, curatives based on sulfur and peroxide were also evaluated. The influence of different curing systems on the rheological and physical properties of the copolymer was explored. It has been seen that the properties of the copolymer are considerably influenced by the different curing systems used. While ethylene thiourea (ETU) and propylene thiourea (PTU), as primary accelerators, provide the highest state of cure but may cause scorch. The use of trimethyl thiourea (TMU), on the other hand, results in the fastest rate and the most stable state of cure, good scorch safety, bin stability, and an overall good balance of properties. The sulfur-based crosslinking system induces good mechanical properties but causes limited bin stability, poor high-temperature compression set, and impaired heat resistance properties. As a curing agent, peroxide delivers the best bin stability in the rubber stocks but yields higher stiffness and limited aging resistance in the vulcanizates.

Residues of Maneb and Ethylene Thiourea on Field-Sprayed Lettuce and Kale

1971 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 1373-1375
Author(s):  
George Yip ◽  
John H Onley ◽  
Samuel F Howard
Keyword(s):  
Residue Analysis ◽  
Ethylene Thiourea

Abstract Two crops, lettuce and kale, were treated with a maneb formulation at a rate of 2.4 lb active/acre. Samples were harvested at various times after application for residue analysis. The residues determined were maneb and ethylene thiourea (ETU). On lettuce, residues of maneb decreased from 45 to 5 ppm in 15 days. On kale, the decrease was from 90 to 15 ppm in 7 days. With both crops, ETU which was already present in the formulation did not accumulate, but quickly decreased from 0.6 ppm to undetectable amounts after 7 days.

Effects of prolonged ethylene thiourea ingestion on the thyroid of the rat

1975 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 493-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.L. Graham ◽  
K.J. Davis ◽  
W.H. Hansen ◽  
Carleene H. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Thiourea

Monooxygenase-mediated metabolism and binding of ethylene thiourea to mouse liver microsomal protein

1988 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Yu Hui ◽  
Cheryl Armstrong ◽  
Gary Laver ◽  
Frank Iverson
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Liver ◽  
Microsomal Protein ◽  
Ethylene Thiourea

The reaction of ethylene thiourea with carbon disulfide

1978 ◽  
Vol 19 (40) ◽  
pp. 3823-3826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masataka Yokoyama ◽  
Satoshi Ohtuki ◽  
Motomu Muraoka ◽  
Tatsuo Takeshima
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Disulfide ◽  
Ethylene Thiourea
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