Novel life stage targets against plum curculio,Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst), in apple integrated pest management

2007 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
pp. 737-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C Wise ◽  
Ki Kim ◽  
Eric J Hoffmann ◽  
Christine Vandervoort ◽  
Ayhan Gökçe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Conotrachelus Nenuphar ◽  
Plum Curculio

scholarly journals Pest Activity and Protection Practices: Four Decades of Transformation in Quebec Apple Orchards

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 197
Author(s):  
Gérald Chouinard ◽  
Francine Pelletier ◽  
Charles Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Downward Trend ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Tarnished Plant Bug ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Plum Curculio ◽  
Fruit Damage ◽  
Monitoring Traps

A group of commercial orchards from Quebec (Canada) was followed from 1977 to 2019 as part of a project to implement Integrated Pest Management (IPM) practices. Collected data comprised activity of major fruit pests (from monitoring traps), fruit damage at harvest and pesticide applications, from which the annual costs and impacts of protection programs over 42 years were calculated. Activity and fruit damage in commercial orchards were compared to patterns observed in a reference insecticide-free orchard. Some insects (European apple sawfly, codling moth, apple maggot) were more prevalent in the insecticide-free orchard than in commercial orchards, while others were more prevalent in commercial orchards (oblique-banded leafroller) or as prevalent in both orchard types (tarnished plant bug). Annual fruit damage in the insecticide-free orchard was mostly from the apple maggot (up to 98%), the plum curculio (up to 90%) and the codling moth (up to 58%). The average situation was different in commercial orchards, whose damage was mostly from the plum curculio (up to 7.6%), the tarnished plant bug (up to 7.5%) and the oblique-banded leafroller (up to 1.7%). While the number of registered pesticides, the number of applications and the total cost of pesticides gradually increased from 2002 to 2019, the risks incurred, as measured by indicators of environmental and health impacts, followed a downward trend for insecticides and acaricides and varied slightly for fungicides.

scholarly journals Population dynamics of Eldana saccharina Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae): application of a biophysical model to understand phenological variation in an agricultural pest

2017 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kleynhans ◽  
M.G. Barton ◽  
D.E. Conlong ◽  
J.S. Terblanche
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Biophysical Model ◽  
Eldana Saccharina ◽  
Pest Population ◽  
Model Predictions

AbstractUnderstanding pest population dynamics and seasonal phenology is a critical component of modern integrated pest-management programs. Accurate forecasting allows timely, cost-effective interventions, including maximum efficacy of, for example, biological control and/or sterile insect technique. Due to the variation in life stage-related sensitivity toward climate, insect pest population abundance models are often not easily interpreted or lack direct relevance to management strategies in the field. Here we apply a process-based (biophysical) model that incorporates climate data with life stage-dependent physiology and life history to attempt to predict Eldana saccharina life stage and generation turnover in sugarcane fields. Fitness traits are modelled at two agricultural locations in South Africa that differ in average temperature (hereafter a cold and a warm site). We test whether the life stage population structures in the field entering winter and local climate during winter directly affect development rates, and therefore interact to determine the population dynamics and phenological responses of E. saccharina in subsequent spring and summer seasons. The model predicts that: (1) E. saccharina can cycle through more generations at the warm site where fewer hours of cold and heat stress are endured, and (2) at the cold site, overwintering as pupae (rather than larvae) confer higher relative fitness and fecundity in the subsequent summer adult moths. The model predictions were compared with a large dataset of field observations from scouting records. Model predictions for larval presence (or absence) generally overlapped well with positive (or negative) scout records. These results are important for integrated pest management strategies by providing a useful foundation for future population dynamics models, and are applicable to a variety of agricultural landscapes, but especially the sugarcane industry of South Africa.

Electron investigations of rhabdovirus-like particles in mexican bean beetles and crickets

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 378-379
Author(s):  
J. R. Adams ◽  
G. J Tompkins ◽  
A. M. Heimpel ◽  
E. Dougherty
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Acheta Domesticus ◽  
Epilachna Varivestis ◽  
House Cricket ◽  
Similar Morphology ◽  
Bean Beetle

As part of a continual search for potential pathogens of insects for use in biological control or on an integrated pest management program, two bacilliform virus-like particles (VLP) of similar morphology have been found in the Mexican bean beetle Epilachna varivestis Mulsant and the house cricket, Acheta domesticus (L. ).Tissues of diseased larvae and adults of E. varivestis and all developmental stages of A. domesticus were fixed according to procedures previously described. While the bean beetles displayed no external symptoms, the diseased crickets displayed a twitching and shaking of the metathoracic legs and a lowered rate of activity.Examinations of larvae and adult Mexican bean beetles collected in the field in 1976 and 1977 in Maryland and field collected specimens brought into the lab in the fall and reared through several generations revealed that specimens from each collection contained vesicles in the cytoplasm of the midgut filled with hundreds of these VLP's which were enveloped and measured approximately 16-25 nm x 55-110 nm, the shorter VLP's generally having the greater width (Fig. 1).

Prospects for Integrated Pest Management of Brown Marmorated Stink Bug in Washington Tree Fruits

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth H. Beers ◽  
Adrian Marshall ◽  
Jim Hepler ◽  
Josh Milnes
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Brown Marmorated Stink Bug ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Tree Fruits
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