Obstructive sleep apnea and metabolic disorders in morbidly obese adolescents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alon Haim ◽  
Sharon Daniel ◽  
Eli Hershkovitz ◽  
Aviv D. Goldbart ◽  
Ariel Tarasiuk
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

scholarly journals Neurocognitive functioning and obstructive sleep apnea in morbidly obese adolescents

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-394
Author(s):  
S. K. Rhodes ◽  
L. R. Waid ◽  
P. M. O'Neil ◽  
N. A. Collop ◽  
S. M. Willi
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Neurocognitive Functioning ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Improvement in Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) in Super Morbidly Obese Patients After Bariatric Surgery

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (8) ◽  
pp. 725-728
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Objective Evidence

Background: Lifestyle modification is the mainstay therapy for obese patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, most of these patients are unable to lose the necessary weight, and bariatric surgery (BS) has been proven to be an effective modality in selected cases. Objective: To provide objective evidence that BS can improve OSA severity. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was conducted in super morbidly obese patients (body mass index [BMI] greater than 40 kg/m² or BMI greater than 35 kg/m² with uncontrolled comorbidities) scheduled for BS. Polysomnography (PSG) was performed for preoperative assessment and OSA was treated accordingly. After successful surgery, patients were invited to perform follow-up PSG at 3, 6, and 12 months. Results: Twenty-four patients with a mean age of 35.0±14.0 years were enrolled. After a mean follow-up period of 7.8±3.4 months, the mean BMI, Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) significantly decreased from 51.6±8.7 to 38.2±6.8 kg/m² (p<0.001), from 8.7±5.9 to 4.7±3.5 (p=0.003), and from 87.6±38.9 to 28.5±21.5 events/hour (p<0.001), respectively. Conclusion: BS was shown to dramatically improve clinical and sleep parameters in super morbidly obese patients. Keywords: Morbid obesity, Bariatric surgery, Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)

Neurocognitive deficits in morbidly obese children with obstructive sleep apnea

1995 ◽  
Vol 127 (5) ◽  
pp. 741-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan K. Rhodes ◽  
Kim C. Shimoda ◽  
L.Randolph Waid ◽  
Patrick Mahlen O'Neil ◽  
Mary Joan Oexmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficits ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Shar Pei Larynx: Supraglottic and Postcricoid Mucosal Redundancy and Its Association With Medical Comorbidities

2018 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin Yiu ◽  
Kathleen M. Tibbetts ◽  
C. Blake Simpson ◽  
Laura A. Matrka
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Reflux Symptom Index ◽  
Symptom Index ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Objectives: The aim of this study is to describe a clinical entity the authors term “Shar Pei larynx,” characterized by redundant supraglottic and postcricoid mucosa that the authors hypothesize coexists in patients with obstructive sleep apnea, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and obesity. By exploring this hypothesis, the authors hope to set the foundation for future research with the goal of identifying whether Shar Pei larynx is a marker for untreated sleep apnea or other diseases. Study Design: Retrospective chart review. Setting: Two tertiary care academic institutions. Methods: Data were collected from a 5-year period by querying for patients described to have “Shar Pei larynx” or “posterior supraglottic and/or postcricoid mucosal redundancy” on laryngoscopic findings. Relevant demographic and clinical characteristics were analyzed, with a focus on associations with obesity, sleep apnea, and laryngopharyngeal reflux. Results: Thirty-two patients were identified with physical findings consistent with Shar Pei larynx. Twenty-six patients (81.3%) were obese; 16 (50%) were morbidly obese. Twenty-two patients (68.8%) either had an existing diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea or were diagnosed on polysomnography performed after initial evaluation. Sixteen patients (50%) had type 2 diabetes mellitus, and 87.5% of these patients were obese. Twenty-eight patients (87.5%) noted histories of reflux, with a median reflux symptom index of 27 of 45. Five patients underwent procedures to reduce mucosal redundancy related to Shar Pei larynx. Conclusions: This pilot study confirms that the majority of patients diagnosed with Shar Pei larynx also had diagnoses of obesity, obstructive sleep apnea, and reflux disease. The demonstrated association is strong enough to warrant further study.

scholarly journals 0873 Obstructive Sleep Apnea Impacts Brain Development in Obese Children and Adolescents: An MRI Study

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A333-A333
Author(s):  
F Sarzetto ◽  
T Naik ◽  
I Narang ◽  
A Kassner
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Brain Structure And Function ◽  
Mri Study

Abstract Introduction Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a breathing disorder characterized by episodes of nocturnal hypoxia and chronic systemic inflammation, affecting more than 50% of obese youths. Both obesity and OSA independently have a negative impact on brain structure and function, but their combined effect on the developing brain is unknown. The purpose of this study was to assess MRI measurements of cortical thickness (CT) in obese youths with various degrees of OSA severity. We hypothesized that CT is abnormal in obese adolescents with OSA. Methods 55 obese subjects (26 females, 29 males, mean 14.3 ± 2.4 years) were included in the analysis. All subjects were assessed with polysomnography (PSG) to evaluate presence and severity of OSA. T1-weighted MPRAGE images were acquired using a 3T MRI scanner following PSG. CT was extracted using the CIVET 2.1.1 pipeline, and statistical analysis was performed on SurfStat to examine global and regional CT in relation to age using a general linear model. Results Based on PSG outcome, subjects were divided into 3 groups, no OSA (OAHI &lt; 1.5 events/hr., n = 15), mild OSA (OAHI &lt; 5, n = 14), and moderate/severe OSA (OAHI &#8805; 5, n = 26). Cortical thickness analysis revealed a negative-trending correlation between global CT and age in no OSA (T = -0.49, P &gt; 0.6), as seen in typical development. This correlation weakened in the presence of mild OSA (T = -0.20, P &gt; 0.8) and became significantly positive in moderate/severe OSA (T = 3.87, P = 0.001), affecting several cortical areas. Conclusion These results indicate that brain development in obese adolescents with moderate/severe OSA significantly deviates from the typical trajectory of cortical thinning. This thickening could be due to exacerbated inflammation from the combined effect of both diseases, or a neurotrophic effect of leptin. More data is needed to validate these findings. Support None

scholarly journals Characteristics of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Across the Spectrum of Glucose Tolerance in Obese Adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara S. Hannon ◽  
Sara E. Watson ◽  
Hasnaa E. Jalou ◽  
Sangeeta Chakravorty ◽  
Kieren J. Mather ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

scholarly journals The association of NOV/CCN3 with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA): preliminary evidence of a novel biomarker in OSA

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy A. Weingarten ◽  
Lars Bellner ◽  
Stephen J. Peterson ◽  
Moe Zaw ◽  
Puja Chadha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Matrix Protein ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Protein ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Potential Marker ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Obese Subjects

AbstractObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has a strong association with cardiovascular and metabolic abnormalities, although the mechanism driving this association is not well established. NOV/CCN3, a multifunctional extracellular matrix protein, may play a mechanistic and/or prognostic role in these associations. We hypothesized that patients with OSA, which primarily affects obese individuals, will have increased levels of NOV, and that NOV can serve as a biomarker in patients to predict OSA as well as metabolic and cardiac risk. Ten morbidly obese and 10 healthy lean subjects underwent overnight polysomnography (PSG) and clinical evaluation. Blood samples were analyzed for NOV levels, adiponectin and IL-6. OSA was found in nine obese subjects and three lean subjects. NOV levels were significantly higher in the OSA vs. no OSA group (2.1 ± 0.9 vs. 1.3 ± 0.8, p < 0.03). NOV levels were significantly higher in the obese vs. lean group (2.2 ± 0.3 vs. 1.4 ± 0.2-fold change, p < 0.03). Among lean subjects, NOV levels were significantly higher in the OSA vs. no OSA group (2.1 ± 0.9 vs. 1.0 ± 0.4, p < 0.05). NOV and AHI were positively correlated (ρ = 0.49, p = 0.033). IL-6 and adiponectin differences in obese vs. lean and OSA vs. no OSA were consistent with an inflammatory phenotype in obese subjects and OSA subjects. NOV is a novel biomarker of the presence and severity of OSA and a potential marker of future cardiovascular and metabolic disease in OSA patients.

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