scholarly journals Every breath counts in Nigeria: A coalition to accelerate reductions in child pneumonia deaths

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leith Greenslade ◽  
Samy Ahmar ◽  
Ekpedeme Inyang ◽  
Sylvia Warren ◽  
Omokore Oluseyi
Keyword(s):  
Child Pneumonia

HEROIC DRUG THERAPY OF PNEUMONIA IN CHILDHOOD RECOMMENDED BY JACOBI IN 1917

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 540-540
Author(s):  
T. E. C.
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Pediatric Society ◽  
Small Doses ◽  
Child Pneumonia

Abraham Jacobi (1830-1919), the first professor of pediatrics in America, and the first president of the American Pediatric Society, did more than any other physician to place pediatrics in America on a firm and lasting basis. Nonetheless, his treatment of pneumonia in childhood, even as late as 1917, was as heroic, and as unscientific, as that practiced by physicians in the mid 1800s. He wrote: I rarely treated a child pneumonia without digitalis. American practitioners have gradually ceased to be cowardly. If faint-heartedly you wait for changes or chances to turn up, you lose your patient. Pneumonias have no stomach for waiting. In treating pneumonia some American doctors have learned to know that hearts lose strength by the hour, unless they are stimulated at once and persistently. Small doses are insufficient; big ones are demanded, and they must be reliable drugs. Digitalis alone may not be sufficient. Spartein sulphate should accompany it in good doses. The modern American pharmacopeia is no guide for you or your patients. Ignorance of apothecaries has been presiding over it. I read in it that ⅙ grain of spartein sulphate is proclaimed to be the dose for an adult. But very rarely ⅙ or ¼ is sufficient as a baby's dose, provided you want it to be efficient; and you want it repeated frequently. Caffein is one of the efficient drugs, that means 4 or 6 or more grains a day for a baby. Camphor has been neglected by us. A year old baby may require 2 or 4 or 8 or 10 grains a day.

Reducing Air Pollution Exposure from Biomass Fuel Has More Impact on Severe Than Non-Severe Child Pneumonia: Findings From the Respire (Guatemala) RCT

Epidemiology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. S76-S77
Author(s):  
Nigel Bruce ◽  
Mukesh Dherani ◽  
Martin Weber ◽  
Anaite Diaz ◽  
Byron Arana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Biomass Fuel ◽  
Air Pollution Exposure ◽  
Child Pneumonia ◽  
Pollution Exposure

scholarly journals Patient-level cost of home- and facility-based child pneumonia treatment in Suba Sub County, Kenya

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. e0225194
Author(s):  
Joel Amenya Machuki ◽  
Dickens S. Omondi Aduda ◽  
Abong’o B. Omondi ◽  
Maricianah Atieno Onono
Keyword(s):  
Patient Level ◽  
Child Pneumonia

scholarly journals Lung Ultrasound Is More Sensitive for Hospitalized Consolidated Pneumonia Diagnosis Compared to CXR in Children

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 659
Author(s):  
Ioana Mihaiela Ciuca ◽  
Mihaela Dediu ◽  
Monica Steluta Marc ◽  
Mirabela Lukic ◽  
Delia Ioana Horhat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Lung Ultrasound ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Cohen’S Kappa ◽  
Perfect Agreement ◽  
Kappa Test ◽  
Cohen's Kappa ◽  
Child Pneumonia ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Pneumonia Diagnosis

Background: Pneumonia is the leading cause of death among children; thus, a correct early diagnosis would be ideal. The imagistic diagnosis still uses chest X-ray (CXR), but lung ultrasound (LUS) proves to be reliable for pneumonia diagnosis. The aim of our study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of LUS compared to CXR in consolidated pneumonia. Methods: Children with clinical suspicion of bacterial pneumonia were screened by LUS for pneumonia, followed by CXR. The agreement relation between LUS and CXR regarding the detection of consolidation was evaluated by Cohen’s kappa test. Results: A total of 128 patients with clinical suspicion of pneumonia were evaluated; 74 of them were confirmed by imagery and biological inflammatory markers. The highest frequency of pneumonia was in the 0–3 years age group (37.83%). Statistical estimation of the agreement between LUS and CXR in detection of the consolidation found an almost perfect agreement, with a Cohen’s kappa coefficient of K = 0.89 ± 0.04 SD, p = 0.000. Sensitivity of LUS was superior to CXR in detection of consolidations. Conclusion: Lung ultrasound is a reliable method for the detection of pneumonia consolidation in hospitalized children, with sensitivity and specificity superior to CXR. LUS should be used for rapid and safe evaluation of child pneumonia.

scholarly journals Ethnic disparity in pneumonia-specific mortality among children under 5 years of age in Sichuan Province of Western China from 2010 to 2017

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Luo ◽  
Ziling Zhao ◽  
Linkun He ◽  
Bingzhong Su ◽  
Weixin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Sichuan Province ◽  
Ethnic Disparity ◽  
Western China ◽  
Trend Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Child Pneumonia ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract Background: To reveal the ethnic disparity in the pneumonia-specific mortality rates of children under the age of five years(PU5MRs) and provide suggestions regarding priority interventions to reduce preventable under-five-years-of-age deaths. Methods: Data were obtained from the Direct Report System of Maternal and Child Health in Sichuan. The Cochran-Armitage trend test was used to assess the time trend. The Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test and Chi-square test were used to examine the differences in the PU5MRs among different groups. Results: The PU5MRs in the minority and nonminority counties decreased by 53.7% and 42.3% from 2010 to 2017, respectively. The PU5MRs of the minority counties were 4.81 times higher than those of the nonminority counties in 2017. The proportion of pneumonia deaths to total deaths in Sichuan Province increased from 11.7% in 2010 to 15.5% in 2017. The pneumonia-specific mortality rates of children in the categories of 0-28 days, 29days-11 months, and 12-59 months were reduced by 55.1%, 38.8%, and 65.5%, respectively, in the minority counties and by 35.5%, 43.1%, and 43.7%, respectively, in the nonminority counties. Conclusions: PU5MRs declined in Sichuan, especially in the minority counties, while ethnic disparity still exists. Although the PU5MRs decreased more for the minority counties as a fraction of all mortality the absolute number of such deaths were higher, and therefore more children in these counties continue to die from pneumonia than from the non-minority counties. Priority should be given to strategies for preventing and controlling child pneumonia, especially for postneonates, in the minority counties.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document