Photopolymerization initiated by charge-transfer complex. I. Photopolymerization of methylmethacrylate with the use of quinaldine-bromine and lutidine–bromine charge-transfer complexes as photoinitiator

1981 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 2457-2464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munmaya K. Mishra ◽  
Subasini Lenka ◽  
Padma L. Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Complex I ◽  
Charge Transfer Complex ◽  
Charge Transfer Complexes

Chemical shifts of charge-transfer complexes and Buckingham equation

1990 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 2131-2137
Author(s):  
Mahboob Mohammad ◽  
Ather Yaseen Khan ◽  
Tariq Mahmood ◽  
Ismat Fatima ◽  
Riffat Shaheen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Nmr Spectra ◽  
Charge Transfer Complex ◽  
Chemical Shifts ◽  
Charge Transfer Complexes ◽  
Aprotic Solvents ◽  
Reaction Field ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Spherical Cavities ◽  
Dipolar Aprotic Solvents

The 1H NMR spectra of the charge-transfer complex of 1-ethyl-4-methoxycarbonylpyridinium iodide have been recorded in various dipolar aprotic solvents. An attempt is made to interpret the chemical shifts in terms of Buckingham's reaction field equation for spherical cavities. A linear dependence has been found between the δ(2,6) values and the square of dielectric function for a spherical cavity, which confirms the validity of the Buckingham equation for this class of compounds.

Gelification Effects on the Structure and Birefringence of Charge Transfer Complex Terthiophene Bisililated – TCNQ Hybrid Materials

2006 ◽  
Vol 517 ◽  
pp. 257-261
Author(s):  
N. Kancono ◽  
H.B. Senin
Keyword(s):  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Detection Limit ◽  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Vibrational Spectra ◽  
Lamellar Structure ◽  
Radical Anion ◽  
Charge Transfer Complex ◽  
Visible Spectrum ◽  
Charge Transfer Complexes

Charge transfer complexes (CTC) can be readily introduced into materials by cohydrolysis-copolymerisation of bis-silylated ter-thiophenes as precursors with TMOS and TEOS in the presence of TCNQ. CTC formation is shown in the visible spectrum of the xerogel by the band at 850 nm characteristic of the TCNQ·- radical anion. Vibrational spectra have shown that strong vibration of C≡N bond at 2184, 2120 and 1595 cm-1 as peaks characteristics of CTC. The CTC bands are weak and the complex is easily destroyed by washing with acetone, which removes the TCNQ. The gelification effect of the charge transfer complexes on the hybrid materials of 2,5’’- bis(trime thoxysilyl)terthiophene/TCNQ/ TMOS showed that the peak with distance of more than 11.68 Å, formed by precursors and matrices, as a lamellar structure. The birefringence of xerogel BTS3T in presence of alkoxysilane showed that the value is near the detection limit of 0.1 – 0.4 x 10-3, which is weaker than BTS3T / THF with the birefringence value of 4.5 x 10-3.

scholarly journals Fermi level pinned molecular donor/acceptor junctions: reduction of induced carrier density by interfacial charge transfer complexes

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (43) ◽  
pp. 15199-15207
Author(s):  
Paul Beyer ◽  
Eduard Meister ◽  
Timo Florian ◽  
Alexander Generalov ◽  
Wolfgang Brütting ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Fermi Level ◽  
Carrier Density ◽  
Charge Transfer Complex ◽  
Charge Transfer Complexes ◽  
Interfacial Charge Transfer ◽  
Fermi Level Pinning ◽  
Donor Acceptor ◽  
Interfacial Charge

Charge transfer complex (CPX) formation at a donor–acceptor interface reduces the amount of Fermi-level pinning induced interfacial charge transfer.

scholarly journals Water-Soluble Visible Light Sensitive Photoinitiating System Based on Charge Transfer Complexes for the 3D Printing of Hydrogels

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 3195
Author(s):  
Hong Chen ◽  
Mehdi Vahdati ◽  
Pu Xiao ◽  
Frédéric Dumur ◽  
Jacques Lalevée
Keyword(s):  
Charge Transfer ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Charge Transfer Complex ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Charge Transfer Complexes ◽  
Free Radical Photopolymerization ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
A Charge

The development of visible-light 3D printing technology by using water-soluble initiating systems has attracted widespread attention due to their potential applications in the manufacture of hydrogels. Besides, at present, the preparation of water-soluble photoinitiators suitable for visible light irradiation (such as LEDs) still remains a challenge. Therefore, this work is devoted to developing water-soluble photoinitiators (PI)/photoinitiating systems (PIS) upon irradiation with a LED @ 405 nm. In detail, a new water-slightly-soluble chalcone derivative dye [(E)-3-(4-(dimethylamino) phenyl)-1-(4-(2-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy) ethoxy) ethoxy) phenyl) prop-2-en-1-one] was synthesized here and used as a PI with a water-soluble coinitiator, i.e., triethanolamine (TEA) which was also used as an electron donor. When combined together, a charge transfer complex (CTC) formed immediately which exhibited excellent initiating ability for the free radical photopolymerization of poly(ethyleneglycol)diacrylate (PEG-DA). In light of the powerful CTC effect, the [dye-TEA] CTC could not only exhibit enhanced water solubility and mechanical properties but could also be effectively applied for 3D printing. This CTC system is environmentally friendly and cost-saving which demonstrates a great potential to prepare hydrogels via photopolymerization.

Charge transfer complex-doped single-walled carbon nanotubes with reduced correlations between electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient for flexible thermoelectric generators

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (14) ◽  
pp. 4827-4835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingjuan Tan ◽  
Hongfeng Huang ◽  
Dagang Wang ◽  
Shihui Qin ◽  
Xu Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Seebeck Coefficient ◽  
Charge Transfer Complex ◽  
Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Charge Transfer Complexes ◽  
Thermoelectric Generators ◽  
Flexible Thermoelectric ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Charge transfer complexes as far more superior dopants for carbon-based flexible thermoelectric generators.

Thin Film Formations of Charge Transfer Complexes with Metallic Properties by Vacuum Deposition Method

1989 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yudasaka ◽  
K. Hironaga ◽  
H. Yamochi ◽  
K. Nakanishi ◽  
G. Saito
Keyword(s):  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Charge Transfer Complex ◽  
Charge Transfer Complexes ◽  
Deposition Method ◽  
Vacuum Deposition ◽  
Supply Rate ◽  
Crystalline Films ◽  
A Charge ◽  
Substrate Temperatures ◽  
Vacuum Deposition Method

ABSTRACTThin films of a charge transfer complex, hepta-(tetrathiafulvalene) pentaiodide ( TTF7I5, TTF:I0-71 ), were prepared by double source evaporation of TTF and iodine. Crystalline films of TTF:I0-7i were obtained when substrate temperatures were kept between 0°C and 25°C. Orientation alignment of the crystalline films were affected by supply rate of iodine. By controlling the substrate temprature and the supply rate of iodine, highly oriented crystalline films were grown on mica substrates. It showed strong dichroism and anisotropic electrical propert ies.

CHARGE-TRANSFER COMPLEXES OF BIPHENYLENE

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. Emslie ◽  
R. Foster ◽  
R. Pickles
Keyword(s):  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Charge Transfer Complex ◽  
Equilibrium Constants ◽  
Charge Transfer Complexes ◽  
Kcal Mole ◽  
Dichloromethane Solution ◽  
Entropy Of Formation ◽  
Charge Transfer Transitions ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Enthalpy And Entropy

An attempt has been made to redetermine the enthalpy and entropy of formation of the charge-transfer complex between tetracyanoethylene and biphenylene in dichloromethane solution from measurements of the equilibrium constant at different temperatures. The results obtained under conditions where biphenylene is in excess differ from those previously published in which tetracyanoethylene was in excess. It is argued that the optimum condition for determining equilibrium constants of a 1:1 complex is when the reactants are mixed in solution in this ratio. Determinations under this condition yield ΔH = −2.6 kcal mole−1 and ΔS = −4.1 e.u.The energies of the intermolecular charge-transfer transitions of biphenylene with several different acceptors suggest that the ionization potential of biphenylene is ~7.4 eV.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Properties of Charge Transfer Complexes of 4,4’-bipyridine with Benzoquinone Derivatives

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 017-021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Al-Owais ◽  
I. S. El-Hallag ◽  
L. M. Al-Harbi ◽  
E. H. El-Mossalamy ◽  
H. A. Qari
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Charge Transfer Complex ◽  
Reaction Pathway ◽  
Digital Simulation ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Electrode Reaction ◽  
Charge Transfer Complexes ◽  
Electrochemical Characteristics ◽  
Electrochemical Parameters

The electrochemical characteristics of charge transfer complex of 4,4’-bipyridine with benzoquinone derivative have been investigated using cyclic voltammetry, convolutive voltammetry and digital simulation methods. Cyclic voltammetry experiments were performed at a platinum working electrode. The electrode reaction pathway, the relevant chemical and electrochemical parameters of theinvestigated complex were determined using cyclic voltammetry, convolution - deconvolution transforms. The extracted electrochemical parameters and the nature of the electrode reaction were verified & confirmed via digital simulation method.

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