scholarly journals Proteomic analysis and functional characterization of mouse brain mitochondria during aging reveal alterations in energy metabolism

PROTEOMICS ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1574-1586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly L. Stauch ◽  
Phillip R. Purnell ◽  
Lance M. Villeneuve ◽  
Howard S. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Mouse Brain ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Brain Mitochondria

scholarly journals Quantitative proteomic analysis and functional characterization of Acanthamoeba castellanii exosome-like vesicles

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Chen Lin ◽  
Chia-Yun Tsai ◽  
Jian-Ming Huang ◽  
Shang-Rung Wu ◽  
Lichieh Julie Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Acanthamoeba Castellanii ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
C6 Cells ◽  
Proteomic Profiling ◽  
Quantitative Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Rat Glioma

Abstract Background Pathogenic protozoans use extracellular vesicles (EVs) for intercellular communication and host manipulation. Acanthamoeba castellanii is a free-living protozoan that may cause severe keratitis and fatal granulomatous encephalitis. Although several secreted molecules have been shown to play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of Acanthamoeba, the functions and components of parasite-derived EVs are far from understood. Methods Purified EVs from A. castellanii were confirmed by electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis. The functional roles of parasite-derived EVs in the cytotoxicity to and immune response of host cells were examined. The protein composition in EVs from A. castellanii was identified and quantified by LC-MS/MS analysis. Results EVs from A. castellanii fused with rat glioma C6 cells. The parasite-derived EVs induced an immune response from human THP-1 cells and a cytotoxic effect in C6 cells. Quantitative proteomic analysis identified a total of 130 proteins in EVs. Among the identified proteins, hydrolases (50.2%) and oxidoreductases (31.7%) were the largest protein families in EVs. Furthermore, aminopeptidase activities were confirmed in EVs from A. castellanii. Conclusions The proteomic profiling and functional characterization of EVs from A. castellanii provide an in-depth understanding of the molecules packaged into EVs and their potential mechanisms mediating the pathogenesis of this parasite.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Mouse Brain Proteome Using Global Proteomic Analysis Complemented with Cysteinyl-Peptide Enrichment

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haixing Wang ◽  
Wei-Jun Qian ◽  
Mark H. Chin ◽  
Vladislav A. Petyuk ◽  
Richard C. Barry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Brain ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Brain Proteome ◽  
Peptide Enrichment

Cloning and functional characterization of a high-affinity Na+/dicarboxylate cotransporter from mouse brain

2001 ◽  
Vol 280 (5) ◽  
pp. C1215-C1223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana M. Pajor ◽  
Rama Gangula ◽  
Xiaozhou Yao
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Mouse Brain ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Acidic Ph ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
The Family ◽  
Electrode Voltage ◽  
Menten Constant

Neurons contain a high-affinity Na+/dicarboxylate cotransporter for absorption of neurotransmitter precursor substrates, such as α-ketoglutarate and malate, which are subsequently metabolized to replenish pools of neurotransmitters, including glutamate. We have isolated the cDNA coding for a high-affinity Na+/dicarboxylate cotransporter from mouse brain, called mNaDC-3. The mRNA coding for mNaDC-3 is found in brain and choroid plexus as well as in kidney and liver. The mNaDC-3 transporter has a broad substrate specificity for dicarboxylates, including succinate, α-ketoglutarate, fumarate, malate, and dimethylsuccinate. The transport of citrate is relatively insensitive to pH, but the transport of succinate is inhibited by acidic pH. The Michaelis-Menten constant for succinate in mNaDC-3 is 140 μM in transport assays and 16 μM at −50 mV in two-electrode voltage clamp assays. Transport is dependent on sodium, although lithium can partially substitute for sodium. In conclusion, mNaDC-3 likely codes for the high-affinity Na+/dicarboxylate cotransporter in brain, and it has some unusual electrical properties compared with the other members of the family.

scholarly journals Molecular Cloning and Functional Characterization of a Novel Receptor-activated TRP Ca2+Channel from Mouse Brain

1998 ◽  
Vol 273 (17) ◽  
pp. 10279-10287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takaharu Okada ◽  
Shunichi Shimizu ◽  
Minoru Wakamori ◽  
Akito Maeda ◽  
Tomohiro Kurosaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Cloning ◽  
Mouse Brain ◽  
Functional Characterization

scholarly journals Proteomic Analysis and Functional Characterization of P4-ATPase Phospholipid Flippases from Murine Tissues

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiao Wang ◽  
Laurie L. Molday ◽  
Theresa Hii ◽  
Jonathan A. Coleman ◽  
Tieqiao Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Functional Characterization

Functional characterization of human brown adipose tissue metabolism

2020 ◽  
Vol 477 (7) ◽  
pp. 1261-1286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Anne Richard ◽  
Hannah Pallubinsky ◽  
Denis P. Blondin
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Human Infants ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity ◽  
And Function

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) has long been described according to its histological features as a multilocular, lipid-containing tissue, light brown in color, that is also responsive to the cold and found especially in hibernating mammals and human infants. Its presence in both hibernators and human infants, combined with its function as a heat-generating organ, raised many questions about its role in humans. Early characterizations of the tissue in humans focused on its progressive atrophy with age and its apparent importance for cold-exposed workers. However, the use of positron emission tomography (PET) with the glucose tracer [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) made it possible to begin characterizing the possible function of BAT in adult humans, and whether it could play a role in the prevention or treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). This review focuses on the in vivo functional characterization of human BAT, the methodological approaches applied to examine these features and addresses critical gaps that remain in moving the field forward. Specifically, we describe the anatomical and biomolecular features of human BAT, the modalities and applications of non-invasive tools such as PET and magnetic resonance imaging coupled with spectroscopy (MRI/MRS) to study BAT morphology and function in vivo, and finally describe the functional characteristics of human BAT that have only been possible through the development and application of such tools.

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