Seven reliability indices for high-stakes decision making: Description, selection, and simple calculation

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 1064-1075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacey L. Smith ◽  
Kimberly J. Vannest ◽  
John L. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Simple Calculation ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Reliability Indices

scholarly journals Modification of the Water Quality Index (WQI) Process for Simple Calculation Using the Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) Method: A Review

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 905
Author(s):  
Naseem Akhtar ◽  
Muhammad Izzuddin Syakir Ishak ◽  
Mardiana Idayu Ahmad ◽  
Khalid Umar ◽  
Mohamad Shaiful Md Yusuff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Simple Calculation ◽  
Great Accuracy ◽  
Parameter Selection ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Making

Human activities continue to affect our water quality; it remains a major problem worldwide (particularly concerning freshwater and human consumption). A critical water quality index (WQI) method has been used to determine the overall water quality status of surface water and groundwater systems globally since the 1960s. WQI follows four steps: parameter selection, sub-indices, establishing weights, and final index aggregation, which are addressed in this review. However, the WQI method is a prolonged process and applied to specific water quality parameters, i.e., water consumption (particular area and time) and other purposes. Therefore, this review discusses the WQI method in simple steps, for water quality assessment, based on two multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods: (1) analytical hierarchical process (AHP); and (2) measuring attractiveness by a categorically based evaluation technique (MACBETH). MCDM methods can facilitate easy calculations, with less effort and great accuracy. Moreover, the uncertainty and eclipsing problems are also discussed—a challenge at every step of WQI development, particularly for parameter selection and establishing weights. This review will help provide water management authorities with useful knowledge pertaining to water usage or modification of existing indicators globally, and contribute to future WQI planning and studies for drinking, irrigation, domestic, and industrial purposes.

scholarly journals DHHFL-MABAC Approach based on DHHFLDM-LCME for Multi-criteria Group Decision Making Involving Sewage Treatment Company Selection

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidong Xian ◽  
Zhaoyu Yan ◽  
Wenhua Wan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Distance Measure ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Simple Calculation ◽  
Linguistic Distance ◽  
Entropy Weight ◽  
Least Common Multiple ◽  
Contrast Method ◽  
Complex Decision Making ◽  
Fuzzy Linguistic

Abstract With the continuous acceleration of urban construction and development, ecological governance has become an important part of our green life. Therefore, how to select the appropriate governance company in the complex decision-making environment is very important. A double hierarchy hesitant fuzzy linguistic multi-attributive border approximation area method (DHHFL-MABAC) is proposed in this paper, which is based on distance measure and comprehensive weight. DHHFL-MABAC method not only considers the potential loss, but also has simple calculation and stable results. The double hierarchy hesitant fuzzy linguistic distance measure based on least common multiple (DHHFLDM-LCME) is proposed, which reduces the loss of original information and makes the result more accurate. Binary contrast method is proposed and combined with entropy weight to obtain comprehensive weight, which makes the determined weight more reasonable. Finally, this method is applied to the case selected by the sewage treatment company and proved its effectiveness.

scholarly journals A Framework of High-Stakes Algorithmic Decision-Making for the Public Sector Developed through a Case Study of Child-Welfare

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (CSCW2) ◽  
pp. 1-41
Author(s):  
Devansh Saxena ◽  
Karla Badillo-Urquiola ◽  
Pamela J. Wisniewski ◽  
Shion Guha
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Child Welfare ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
The Public

High Velocity Human Factors: Human Factors of Mission Critical Domains in Nonequilibrium

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moin Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
High Velocity ◽  
Fire Fighting ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Emotional Modulation ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Mission Critical ◽  
Military Combat

Mission critical domains (MCDs), such as fire fighting, military combat, etc., experience periods of nonequilibrium. This typically occurs when extended periods of low grade activity are punctuated by intense, high stakes actions unfolding at high velocities (e.g., fighting a fire, engaging in combat, etc.). These periods of nonequilibrium are typically characterized by volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity. Human agents operating under these conditions experience a variety of reactions, such as emotional modulation of cognition, recognition primed decision making, among others. To study this phenomenon a construct named High Velocity Human Factors (HVHF) is defined and described. On the practical side, the HVHF framework will be used to analyze demands placed on personnel operating in MCDs and inform the design of systems and solutions.

EXPRESS: Cruel optimism as organizing strategy in USA Gymnastics: The threat of high stakes organizations in precarious times

2021 ◽  
pp. 001872672110546
Author(s):  
Amy Way
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Young People ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Youth Sports ◽  
Organizational Practices ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Sports Organizations

In January of 2018, after decades of sexual abuse of hundreds of athletes under his medical care, Larry Nassar faced 156 of the women he victimized when they testified at his sentencing hearing and detailed the abuse. In the wake of the Nassar verdict, gymnastics and other youth sports organizations have come under fire for abusive practices that victimize young people. Scholars have recently argued for an approach to understanding sexual violence as an organizational, rather than individual phenomenon. The power organizations have to inflict violence on their members requires an understanding of the increased role of organizations in our decision-making and the shaping of our values and desires. Through an analysis of testimonies submitted by the women who were victimized by Nassar as children, I argue that violence was intentionally deployed as an organizational strategy by USA Gymnastics. Abusive organizational practices traumatized girls, leading them to recalibrate their expectations for what was normal and acceptable, ultimately facilitating their abuse. I propose ‘high stakes organizations’ as contexts particularly vulnerable to violent organizational practices. I argue that in these high stakes organizations, trauma is likely to be deployed as a strategy for organizational commitment, further fostering precarity in modern organizations.

scholarly journals What constitutes evidence of poor prison conditions after Aranyosi and Căldăraru? Examining the role of inspection and monitoring bodies in European Arrest Warrant decision-making

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-226
Author(s):  
Mary Rogan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Critical Question ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Arrest Warrant ◽  
European Arrest Warrant

The case of Aranyosi and Căldăraru confirms that where prison conditions are so poor as to breach fundamental rights, the non-execution of an European Arrest Warrant is justified. Given the high stakes nature of such a decision, this article examines a critical question: What will be the possible sources of evidence which can and should be used in such an assessment? The article posits that prison inspection and monitoring bodies, which have the task of visiting prisons and reporting on them, with a view to the prevention of ill treatment, will take on an important role in this decision-making process. The article examines what this role might entail and the implications of the decision for prison inspection and monitoring bodies.

A Comparison of In-Vivo and Videoconference Momentary Time Sampling Observations of On-Task Behavior

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron J. Fischer ◽  
Evan H. Dart ◽  
Erica Lehman ◽  
Ben Polakoff ◽  
Sarah J. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Student Response ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Reliability Indices ◽  
Momentary Time Sampling ◽  
School Based ◽  
Task Behavior ◽  
On Task Behavior ◽  
Time Required

Systematic direct observation (SDO) is frequently used in schools to document student response to evidence-based interventions, determine eligibility for special education services, and provide objective data during high-stakes decisions. However, there are several limitations associated with this widely used data collection tool including a shortage of service providers available to implement it and the significant travel time required for itinerant personnel. Using videoconferencing (VC) software to aid in the implementation of SDO is an intuitive application of technology that stands to increase the feasibility and efficiency with which SDO can be utilized in research and practice. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and equivalence of the results generated from two modes of SDO, traditional in-vivo SDO and SDO conducted through VC software. The results suggest that VC SDO produces estimates of student on-task behavior that are practically equivalent (i.e., ±3%) to estimates generated through traditional SDO. Furthermore, two frequently used reliability indices indicate that VC SDO results are adequately reliable against traditional in-vivo SDO. Implications for school-based practice are discussed.

Catch and release? NHL expansion draft endowment effects

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. Tingling ◽  
Kamal Masri ◽  
Dani Chu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Performance Appraisal ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Optimal Decision ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Catch And Release ◽  
Older Athletes ◽  
Optimal Decision Making

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate National Hockey League (NHL) expansion draft decisions to measure divestment aversion and endowment effects, and analyze bias and its affect on presumed rational analytic decision making. Design/methodology/approach A natural experiment with three variables (age, minutes played and presence of a prior relationship with a team’s management), filtered athletes that were exposed or protected to selection. A machine learning algorithm trained on a group of 17 teams was applied to the remaining 13 teams. Findings Athletes with pre-existing management relationships were 1.7 times more likely to be protected. Athletes playing fewer relative position minutes were less likely to be protected, as were older athletes. Athlete selection was predominantly determined by time on ice. Research limitations/implications This represents a single set of independent decisions using publicly available data absent of context. The results may not be generalizable beyond the NHL or sport. Practical implications The research confirms the affect of prior relationships on decision making and provides further evidence of measurable sub-optimal decision making. Social implications Decision making has implications throughout human resources and impacts competitiveness and productivity. This adds to the need for managers to recognize and implement de-biasing in areas such as hiring, performance appraisal and downsizing. Originality/value This natural experiment involving high-stakes decision makers confirms bias in a setting that has been dominated by students, low stakes or artificial settings.

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