New sustainable alternating semi‐aromatic polyamides prepared in bulk by direct solid‐state polymerization

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Wolffs ◽  
Lucy Cotton ◽  
Ard J Kolkman ◽  
Rudy Rulkens
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Aromatic Polyamides ◽  
Solid State Polymerization ◽  
Direct Solid

scholarly journals New Aspects on the Direct Solid State Polycondensation (DSSP) of Aliphatic Nylon Salts: The Case of Hexamethylene Diammonium Dodecanoate

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 2625
Author(s):  
Angeliki D. Mytara ◽  
Athanasios D. Porfyris ◽  
Stamatina N. Vouyiouka ◽  
Constantine D. Papaspyrides
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Critical Parameter ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Solid State Polymerization ◽  
Salt Crystals ◽  
Direct Solid ◽  
End Group ◽  
Aliphatic Polyamide

The direct solid state polymerization (DSSP) of hexamethylene diammonium dodecanoate (PA 612 salt) was investigated for two different salt grades, fossil-based and bio-based. Aliphatic polyamide salts (such as PA 612 salt) are highly susceptible to solid melt transition (SMT) phenomena, which restrain the industrial application of DSSP. To that end, emphasis was given on reactor design, being the critical parameter influencing byproduct diffusion, amine loss and inherent DSSP kinetics. Experiments took place both at the microscale and the laboratory scale, in which two different reactors were tested in terms of bypassing SMT phenomena. The new reactor designed here proved quite successful in maintaining the solid state during the reaction. Scouting experiments were conducted in order to assess the effect of critical parameters and determine appropriate reaction conditions. Fossil-based PA 612 products proved to have a better end-group imbalance in comparison to bio-based ones, which is critical in terms of achieving high molecular weight. Finally, a real DSSP process was demonstrated, starting from PA 612 salt crystals and ending with PA 612 particles.

Clostridium isatidis colonised carbon electrodes: voltammetric evidence for direct solid state redox processes

2000 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard G. Compton ◽  
Susan J. Perkin ◽  
David P. Gamblin ◽  
James Davis ◽  
Frank Marken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Carbon Electrodes ◽  
Redox Processes ◽  
Direct Solid
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