Primary and secondary crystallization of fast-cooled poly(vinylidene fluoride) studied by Flash DSC, wide-angle X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingxin Chen ◽  
Qun-Dong Shen ◽  
Wenbing Hu
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Wide Angle ◽  
Secondary Crystallization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Poly Vinylidene Fluoride

scholarly journals Synthesis of cadmium hydroxide nanostructure via composite-hydroxide-mediated approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 184798041985255 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Adnan ◽  
M Arfan ◽  
T Shahid ◽  
MZ Khan ◽  
R Masab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Growth Time ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

Polycrystalline cadmium hydroxide nanomaterials have successfully been synthesized by composite-hydroxide-mediated approach with growth time variation. The influence of growth time on structural, morphological, elemental, and optical properties was explored using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction results revealed the hexagonal and monoclinic phases of cadmium hydroxide along with rhombohedral impurity phase of cadmium carbonate. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy further endorsed the X-ray diffraction results and confirmed the Cd–O bonding vibrations. Time-dependent uniform distribution of spherical morphology was observed in the scanning electron micrographs of the product. The presence of cadmium and oxygen in the energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy results fingerprinted the purity and formation of the desired nanomaterials. Crystallite size was decreased with the increase of growth time as estimated by the Debye–Scherrer method. Furthermore, the optical bandgap was measured by Tauc’s relation using ultraviolet–visible absorption spectra and found to be in the range of 3.2–3.5 eV.

Synthesis of stoichiometric lead molybdate PbMoO4: An x-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and differential thermal analysis study

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 703-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Differential Thermal Analysis ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Slow Heating ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

The PbO/MoO3 system with 47%: 53%, 53%: 47%, and 50%: 50% molar ratios at various processing temperatures has been studied with x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential thermal analysis (DTA) methods. It is found that in addition to the crystallization of primary PbMoO4 phase, subphases such as Pb2MoO5 and PbMo2O7 are also formed. The remaining PbO and MoO3 are detected at certain stages of the thermal process due to localized powder inhomogeneity. Physical processes, such as sublimation, eutectic melting, solid to liquid, and liquid to vapor transformations are also investigated. In particular, evaporations of excessive PbO or MoO3 in the nonstoichiometric PbO/MoO3 can be correlated to thermal processing parameters. The current study has led to the following three processing guidelines to obtain stoichiometric PbMoO4: (i) for high temperature application, such as the Czochralski melt growth, it is suggested an excessive MoO3 (a few mol %) must be included and a slow heating rate should be employed; (ii) for low temperature synthesis, the stoichiometric PbO–MoO3 can be used, but with a fast heating rate; and (iii) PbO-rich PbO/MoO3 system is not recommended in PbMoO4 synthesis.

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