Using Child‐Pugh Class to Optimize Voriconazole Dosage Regimens and Improve Safety in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis: Insights from a Population Pharmacokinetic Model‐based Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taotao Wang ◽  
Miao Yan ◽  
Dan Tang ◽  
Yuzhu Dong ◽  
Li Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Population Pharmacokinetic Model ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Model ◽  
Population Pharmacokinetic ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Dosage Regimens ◽  
Pugh Class ◽  
Model Based Analysis

scholarly journals A population pharmacokinetic model for individualised dosage regimens of vancomycin in Chinese neonates and young infants

Oncotarget ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (62) ◽  
pp. 105211-105221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Song ◽  
Cui-Yao He ◽  
Nan-Ge Yin ◽  
Fang Liu ◽  
Yun-Tao Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Pharmacokinetic Model ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Model ◽  
Population Pharmacokinetic ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Dosage Regimens

scholarly journals Darunavir Population Pharmacokinetic Model Based on HIV Outpatient Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alper Daskapan ◽  
Quynh T.D. Tran ◽  
Dario Cattaneo ◽  
Cristina Gervasoni ◽  
Chiara Resnati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Pharmacokinetic Model ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Model ◽  
Population Pharmacokinetic ◽  
Model Based

scholarly journals Population Pharmacokinetics of Micafungin in Pediatric Patients and Implications for Antifungal Dosing

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
pp. 3714-3719 ◽  
Author(s):  
William W. Hope ◽  
Nita L. Seibel ◽  
Cindy L. Schwartz ◽  
Antonio Arrieta ◽  
Patricia Flynn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Pharmacokinetic Model ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Model ◽  
Drug Exposure ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Population Pharmacokinetic ◽  
Power Model ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Models ◽  
Dosage Regimens ◽  
Log Likelihood ◽  
Antifungal Efficacy

ABSTRACT The echinocandins potentially have an important role in treatment of infections caused by Candida spp. and Aspergillus spp. in immunocompromised children. However, there are no population pharmacokinetic models of the echinocandins for pediatric patients. The safety and descriptive pharmacokinetics of micafungin in children were recently reported. However, a population pharmacokinetic model in children is needed in order to accurately determine the dosage of micafungin that produces an equivalent magnitude of drug exposure to that observed in adults. In order to explore the effect of weight on micafungin pharmacokinetics, a standard two-compartment pharmacokinetic model, a linear model, and an allometric power model were developed. For all three models, the fit to the data was excellent, with comparable measures of precision and bias. However, the superior log-likelihood value of the allometric power model suggested that it best reflected the data and was therefore chosen for a more detailed analysis of the magnitude and pattern of drug exposure which develop following the administration of micafungin. The allometric power model suggested that clearance in smaller children is higher than that predicted on the basis of weight alone. Consequently, a degree of dosage increase is required in smaller children to ensure comparable levels of drug exposure to those observed in larger children and adults. The allometric power model developed in this study enables identification of pediatric dosage regimens of micafungin which, based upon Monte Carlo simulations, result in equivalent drug exposures to those observed in adults, for which antifungal efficacy has been established.

scholarly journals Population Pharmacokinetic Model for Intravenous ASN100 in Healthy Subjects

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S529-S529
Author(s):  
Scott A Van Wart ◽  
Christopher Stevens ◽  
Zoltan Magyarics ◽  
Steven A Luperchio ◽  
Paul G Ambrose
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Population Pharmacokinetic Model ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Model ◽  
Population Pharmacokinetic

scholarly journals Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacogenetics of Cyclophosphamide in a Neonate and Infant Childhood Cancer Patient Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 272
Author(s):  
Shelby Barnett ◽  
Julie Errington ◽  
Julieann Sludden ◽  
David Jamieson ◽  
Vianney Poinsignon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patient ◽  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Patient Population ◽  
Population Pharmacokinetic Model ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Model ◽  
Drug Clearance ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Population Pharmacokinetic ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Patient Groups

Infants and young children represent an important but much understudied childhood cancer patient population. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenetics of the widely used anticancer prodrug cyclophosphamide were investigated in children <2 years of age. Concentrations of cyclophosphamide and selected metabolites were determined in patients administered cyclophosphamide at doses ranging from 100–1500 mg/m2 (5–75 mg/kg), with various infusion times as determined by the standard treatment regimen that each patient was receiving. Polymorphisms in genes including CYP2B6 and CYP2C19 were investigated. Data generated for cyclophosphamide were analysed using a previously published population pharmacokinetic model. Cyclophosphamide pharmacokinetics was assessed in 111 samples obtained from 25 patients ranging from 4–23 months of age. The average cyclophosphamide clearance for the patients was 46.6 mL/min/m2 (ranging from 9.4–153 mL/min/m2), with marked inter-patient variability observed (CV 41%). No significant differences in cyclophosphamide clearance or exposure (AUC) were observed between patient groups as separated by age or body weight. However, marked differences in drug clearance and metabolism were noted between the current data in children <2 years of age and recently published results from a comparable study conducted by our group in older children, which reported significantly lower cyclophosphamide clearance values and metabolite exposures using the same population pharmacokinetic model for analysis. Whilst this study demonstrates no significant differences in cyclophosphamide clearance in patients <2 years, it highlights large differences in dosing protocols across tumour types. Furthermore, the study suggests marked differences in cyclophosphamide clearance in children less than two years of age as compared to older patients.

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