Gonadal Suppressive and Cross-Sex Hormone Therapy for Gender Dysphoria in Adolescents and Adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 1282-1297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine P. Smith ◽  
Christina M. Madison ◽  
Nikki M. Milne
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Gender Dysphoria ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Adolescents And Adults

The Ethical Impermissibility of Cross-Sex Hormone Therapy in Gender-Dysphoric Minors

2018 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 321-332
Author(s):  
Phillip Berns ◽  
Keyword(s):  
American Academy ◽  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Gender Dysphoria ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Biological Sex ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics

Gender dysphoria in children has become a hot-button topic; however, clinical data still remain sparse on the effects of hormone therapy and transitional surgery on the physical and psychological well-being of those children. The American College of Pediatricians (as opposed to the American Academy of Pediatrics) cites studies indicating that anywhere from 77 to 94 percent of boys and 73 to 88 percent of girls desist in GD; that is, following puberty the majority of children who experience GD will identify with their assigned biological sex. After reviewing the clinical studies, this paper addresses the notion of gender from a Thomistic perspective, locating gender as a differentiation in the matter of the person flowing from the essence of the soul, resulting from the power of generation as opposed to other differences such as sight, which functions the same regardless of material differences. As a result, the paper concludes that hormone therapy cannot be morally licit for children.

scholarly journals An Increased Presence of Male Personalities in Dissociative Identity Disorder after Initiating Testosterone Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Monique Mun ◽  
Mohan Gautam ◽  
Renee Maan ◽  
Bassem Krayem
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Gender Dysphoria ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Dissociative Identity Disorder ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Dissociative Disorder ◽  
Testosterone Therapy ◽  
Dissociative Symptoms ◽  
High Prevalence

Patients with gender dysphoria (GD) report significant dissociative symptoms and are found to have a high prevalence of a dissociative disorder of any kind. When GD patients elect to undergo cross-sex hormone therapy, there is a significant reduction in dissociative symptoms. However, to the best of our knowledge, there are no known case reports that describe an alteration of personalities in dissociative identity disorder after initiating cross-sex hormone therapy. Thus, we present a case of a 20-year-old transgender male with GD, whom after initiating cross-sex hormone therapy with testosterone experienced an increased presence of his existing male personalities.

Body image and gender role perceived in gender dysphoria: Cross-sex hormone therapy effects

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S589-S589 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Corda ◽  
C. Bandecchi ◽  
V. Deiana ◽  
S. Pintore ◽  
F. Pinna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Gender Dysphoria ◽  
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
The Body ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Psychiatric Clinic ◽  
Biological Sex

The gender dysphoria (GD) refers to the distress caused by the incongruence between gender identity and biological sex. This occurs, especially in pre-treatment cross-sex hormone therapy (CHT), with a marked dissatisfaction with their body image.The purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of perceived gender in a total of 20 subjects (9 MtFs and 11 FtMs), presented for initiation of CHT at the Psychiatric Clinic or Department of Endocrinology of University Hospital of Cagliari and deemed appropriate to take the transition path aimed at sex reassignment. On a subsample of 7 patients (2 MtFs and 5 FtMs) were then evaluated changes, in terms of improving the acceptance of body image, at 2 months after initiation of CHT, using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) (focusing on MF, Gm and Gf scale), the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI), and the Body Uneasiness Test (BUT).The MF scale shows a moderate elevation, which is reduced significantly as a result of correction for perceived gender rather than biological sex. MtFs get higher scores on the Gf scale and lower scores on the Gm scale than FtMs. This trend is confirmed by the average scores of BSRI: MtFs are more “feminine”; while the FtMs are less “masculine”. This denotes an excessive identification by MtFs with the female gender role. Before initiating the CHT, the BUT score was indicative of clinically significant distress, which decreased during the CHT.In conclusion, CHT reduces evidently body discomfort, due to the progressive reduction of the discrepancy between biological and desired gender.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Cross-sex hormone therapy for gender dysphoria

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Fabris ◽  
S. Bernardi ◽  
C. Trombetta
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Gender Dysphoria ◽  
Sex Hormone

scholarly journals Predicting outcomes of cross-sex hormone therapy in gender dysphoria based on pre-therapy resting-state brain connectivity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
TEENA D MOODY ◽  
JAMIE D FEUSNER - equal first author ◽  
NICCO REGGENTE ◽  
JONATHAN VANHOECKE ◽  
MATS HOLMBERG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Gender Dysphoria ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Trans Men ◽  
Therapeutic Outcomes ◽  
Machine Learning Model ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Body Self ◽  
Post Therapy

Individuals with gender dysphoria experience serious distress due to incongruence between their gender identity and birth-assigned sex. Sociological, cultural, interpersonal, and biological factors are likely contributory, and for some individuals medical treatment such as cross-hormone therapy and gender affirming surgery can be helpful. Cross-hormone therapy can be effective for reducing body incongruence, but responses vary, and there is no reliable way to predict therapeutic outcomes. We used clinical and MRI data before cross-sex hormone therapy as features to train a machine learning model to predict individuals' post-therapy body congruence (the degree to which photos of their bodies match their self-identities). Twenty-five trans women and trans men with gender dysphoria participated. The model significantly predicted post-therapy body congruence, with the highest predictive features coming from the fronto-parietal and cingulo-opercular networks. This study provides evidence that hormone therapy efficacy can be predicted from information collected before therapy and that patterns of functional brain connectivity may provide insights into body-brain effects of hormones, affecting one's sense of body congruence. Results could help identify the need for personalized therapies in individuals predicted to have low body-self congruence after standard therapy.

ÜBER DIE BILDUNG VON ENDOMETRIALEN KÖRNCHENZELLEN BEI KASTRATINNEN UNTER HORMONEINFLUSS

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXIII (II) ◽  
pp. 261-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Hellweg ◽  
J. Ferin ◽  
K. G. Ober
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Substitution Therapy ◽  
Secretory Phase ◽  
Hormone Substitution ◽  
Endometrial Stromal Cells ◽  
Endometrial Stroma ◽  
K Cells

ABSTRACT 65 endometrial biopsies from castrated women who had received either natural or artificial sex hormone therapy were studied microscopically. Attention was paid to various histologic criteria, especially to the number of endometrial granulocytes (»K« cells, KZ). The following was obtained: The »K« cells are completely absent when no hormone substitution therapy is given. They were also lacking when the castrated patients were treated only with oestrogens, even if the dose given was ten-times that found in women during the reproductive ages. In contrast, the »K« cells developed from the endometrial stromal cells only under influence of progesterone, usually appearing first 8–10 days after the administration of the gestagen. The »K« cells were demonstrable in the number corresponding to a normal secretory phase only then, when the oestrogen-progesterone dosage ratio had induced a fully-developed secretory change, as measured by the usual histologic criteria. With an overdosage of oestrogen the »K« cells were either absent or were very sparse. Contrarily, an overdosage of progesterone had no influence on their number. The development of endometrial glands does not always entirely parallel that of the stroma in castrated patients following hormone therapy. A more exact indicator for the proper dose for the production of a secretory phase by hormone therapy seems to be the number of »K« cells in the endometrial stroma.

Effect of postponing puberty and cross-sex hormone therapy on bone turnover markers and BMAD in transgender adolescents

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariska Vlot ◽  
Daniel Klink ◽  
Heijer Martin den ◽  
Marinus Blankenstein ◽  
Joost Rotteveel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Bone Turnover Markers ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Turnover Markers

Genetic link between gender dysphoria and sex hormone signaling

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Foreman M ◽  
Hare L ◽  
York K ◽  
Balakrishnan K ◽  
Sanchez FJ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Dysphoria ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Hormone Signaling ◽  
Genetic Link

scholarly journals Cross‐Sex Hormone Therapy in Trans Persons Is Safe and Effective at Short‐Time Follow‐Up: Results from the European Network for the Investigation of Gender Incongruence

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1999-2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrien Wierckx ◽  
Eva Van Caenegem ◽  
Thomas Schreiner ◽  
Ira Haraldsen ◽  
Alessandra Fisher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
European Network ◽  
In Trans ◽  
Short Time
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