Trait BIS predicts alpha asymmetry and P300 in a Go/No‐Go task

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Wacker ◽  
Mira‐Lynn Chavanon ◽  
Anja Leue ◽  
Gerhard Stemmler
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Response Inhibition ◽  
Alpha Activity ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Behavioural Inhibition ◽  
Conflict Processing ◽  
Alpha Asymmetry ◽  
Behavioural Inhibition System

Inspired by the revised Behavioural Inhibition System (BIS) theory the present study probed the association between individual differences in Trait BIS and electroencephalogram indicators of conflict processing/inhibition. Sixty‐nine male participants either high or low in Trait BIS completed a Go/No‐Go task while the electroencephalogram was recorded. As expected, Trait BIS was associated with the No‐Go‐anteriorisation of the P300 event‐related potential (i.e. an index of response inhibition presumably generated in the dorsal anterior cingulate—an area implicated in conflict processing) and with No‐ Go‐related changes towards left frontal alpha activity (i.e. presumably more activity in right prefrontal cortex—an area implicated in response inhibition). These findings support the role of conflict processing attributed to BIS functioning in the revised theory. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

How does the attentional pointer work in prefrontal cortex?

2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 751-751
Author(s):  
Naoyuki Osaka
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Connectivity Analysis ◽  
Firm Model

The current model, based on event-related potential (ERP) studies, posits that the working-memory system is a state of activated long-term memory; this appears comprehensive, but it needs further detailed analysis of functional neural connectivity analysis within the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and between the posterior and prefrontal cortex. Specifically, the role of dorsolateral PFC and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is probably critical for PFC's attentional controller. Neural implementation of the executive function in working memory appears critical to build a firm model.

scholarly journals Dissociable roles of cortical excitation-inhibition balance during patch-leaving versus value-guided decisions

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca F. Kaiser ◽  
Theo O. J. Gruendler ◽  
Oliver Speck ◽  
Lennart Luettgau ◽  
Gerhard Jocham
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Mutual Inhibition ◽  
Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Cortical Excitation ◽  
The Cost

AbstractIn a dynamic world, it is essential to decide when to leave an exploited resource. Such patch-leaving decisions involve balancing the cost of moving against the gain expected from the alternative patch. This contrasts with value-guided decisions that typically involve maximizing reward by selecting the current best option. Patterns of neuronal activity pertaining to patch-leaving decisions have been reported in dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), whereas competition via mutual inhibition in ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) is thought to underlie value-guided choice. Here, we show that the balance between cortical excitation and inhibition (E/I balance), measured by the ratio of GABA and glutamate concentrations, plays a dissociable role for the two kinds of decisions. Patch-leaving decision behaviour relates to E/I balance in dACC. In contrast, value-guided decision-making relates to E/I balance in vmPFC. These results support mechanistic accounts of value-guided choice and provide evidence for a role of dACC E/I balance in patch-leaving decisions.

scholarly journals Neurobiology of apathy in Alzheimer's disease

2008 ◽  
Vol 66 (2b) ◽  
pp. 436-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrique Cerqueira Guimarães ◽  
Richard Levy ◽  
Antônio Lúcio Teixeira ◽  
Rogério Gomes Beato ◽  
Paulo Caramelli
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Combining Data ◽  
Neuroimaging Data ◽  
Pathophysiological Model

Apathy is considered the most frequent neuropsychiatric disturbance in dementia and its outcome is generally deleterious. Apathy can be related to a dysfunction of the anatomical-system that supports the generation of voluntary actions, namely the prefrontal cortex and/or the prefrontal-subcortical circuits. In Alzheimer's disease, pathological and neuroimaging data indicate that apathy is likely due to a dysfunction of the medial prefrontal cortex. Accordingly, in this review article, we propose a pathophysiological model to explain apathetic behavior in Alzheimer's disease, combining data from neuroimaging, neuropathology and experimental research on the role of orbito-frontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, basal ganglia and dopamine in decision-making neurobiology.

scholarly journals The role of the anterior cingulate cortex in emotional response inhibition

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 2147-2160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacobo Albert ◽  
Sara López‐Martín ◽  
Manuel Tapia ◽  
Daniel Montoya ◽  
Luis Carretié
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Response Inhibition ◽  
Emotional Response ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate

Dissociating the role of inferior frontal gyrus and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in response inhibition by tdcs

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 353
Author(s):  
D.F. Stramaccia ◽  
B. Penolazzi ◽  
G. Sartori ◽  
M. Braga ◽  
S. Mondini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Response Inhibition ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal

scholarly journals Quetiapine and flupentixol differentially improve anterior cingulate cortex function in schizophrenia patients: an event-related potential study

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1911-1925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Schneider ◽  
Thomas Juergen Bahmer ◽  
Florian Gerhard Metzger ◽  
Andreas Reif ◽  
Thomas Polak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotics ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Antipsychotic Agents ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Anterior Cingulate

Abstract Atypical antipsychotic agents are a frequently and effectively used treatment in schizophrenia and psychotic disorders. Other than conventional antipsychotics, which mainly exert their pharmacological effect in subcortical dopaminergic systems, atypical antipsychotics additionally affect partly serotonergically innervated structures within prefrontal areas, such as the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). However, only few controlled, randomized studies have so far investigated direct and indirect effects of atypical antipsychotics on the ACC and, up until now, no clinical investigation has exclusively addressed the specific effects of quetiapine on ACC function. The present study assessed ACC function in 18 quetiapine-medicated patients and 13 flupentixol-treated patients suffering from schizophrenia by means of the error-related negativity (ERN), a neurophysiological marker of ACC function, in a pre-post design. Between-group comparisons revealed different effects of quetiapine and flupentixol on ACC function despite similar improvement in psychopathology, cognitive performance and quality of life. Whereas atypical treatment was associated with an increase in amplitudes over time, there were prolonged ERN peak latencies in patients treated with the typical agent. Moreover, treatment effects depended on baseline prefrontal cortex function in both groups. We conclude that both flupentixol and quetiapine improve prefrontal function especially in patients with weak initial ACC function which might be due to their shared affinity for serotonin receptors in frontal brain regions. However, since this affinity is more pronounced for quetiapine, patients treated with quetiapine seemed to profit more evidently concerning their prefrontal cortex function compared to patients of the flupentixol group, who exhibited a compensatory prolongation of processes.

Prefrontal Regulation of Threat-Elicited Behaviors: A Pathway to Translation

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 357-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Causal Role ◽  
Current State ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Differential Involvement

Regions of the prefrontal and cingulate cortices play important roles in the regulation of behaviors elicited by threat. Dissecting out their differential involvement will greatly increase our understanding of the varied etiology of symptoms of anxiety. I review evidence for altered activity within the major divisions of the prefrontal cortex, including orbitofrontal, ventrolateral, dorsolateral, and ventromedial sectors, along with the anterior cingulate cortex in patients with clinical anxiety. This review is integrated with a discussion of current knowledge about the causal role of these different prefrontal and cingulate regions in threat-elicited behaviors from experimental studies in rodents and monkeys. I highlight commonalities and inconsistencies between species and discuss the current state of our translational success in relating findings across species. Finally, I identify key issues that, if addressed, may improve that success in the future.

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