scholarly journals Moderating effects of personality on the genetic and environmental influences of school grades helps to explain sex differences in scholastic achievement

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian M. Hicks ◽  
Wendy Johnson ◽  
William G. Iacono ◽  
Matt McGue
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Grade Point Average ◽  
Standardized Tests ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Family Study ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Cognitive Variables ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Grade Point

Girls consistently achieve higher grades than boys despite scoring lower on major standardized tests and not having higher IQs. Sex differences in non‐cognitive variables such as personality might help to account for sex differences in grades. Utilizing a large sample of 17‐year‐old twins participating in the Minnesota Twin Family Study (MTFS), we examined the roles of Achievement Striving, Self‐Control and Aggression on sex differences in grade point average (GPA). Each personality trait was a significant predictor of GPA, with sex differences in Aggression accounting for one‐half the sex difference in GPA and genetic variance accounting for most of the overlap between personality and GPA. Achievement Striving and Self‐Control moderated the genetic and environmental influences on GPA. Specifically, for girls but not boys, higher Achievement Striving and Self‐Control were associated with less variability in GPA and greater genetic and environmental overlap with GPA. For girls, certain personality traits operate to shape a context yielding uniformly higher GPA, a process that seems absent in boys. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Effects of Grit on the Academic Success of Adult Female Students at Korean Open University

2017 ◽  
Vol 121 (4) ◽  
pp. 705-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mae Hyang Hwang ◽  
Hyo Jin Lim ◽  
Hye Suk Ha
Keyword(s):  
Academic Success ◽  
Grade Point Average ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
School Success ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Open University ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Grade Point

This study examined the structural relationship between age, grit (i.e., perseverance of effort and consistency of interest), conscientiousness, self-control, and school success of female students at an Open University in Korea. We analyzed 509 students’ responses, and it turned out that the level of perseverance of effort was negatively correlated with academic maladjustment. Also, perseverance of effort had a positive indirect effect on grade point average scores. Conscientiousness and self-control were found to be positively correlated with grit factors and they had negative effects on academic maladjustment through perseverance of effort. Age had both direct and indirect effects on grit and academic success of the students.

Behavioral Self-Control in Treating Procrastination of Studying

1978 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold A. Ziesat ◽  
Ted L. Rosenthal ◽  
Glenn M. White
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Grade Point Average ◽  
Stimulus Control ◽  
Study Time ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Placebo Control ◽  
Control Procedure ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Significant Change

56 college students who procrastinated in studying were given either behavioral self-control training or a nondirective, attention-placebo control procedure. Experimental clients were exposed to training in either stimulus control, self-reinforcement, or a combination of the two. Half of these clients used self-punishment; half did not. Half were trained individually and half in groups of four. In terms of reported amount of study time and attitudes toward studying, experimental clients improved, whereas control clients did not. However, there were no significant differences among experimental subconditions. Neither control nor experimental conditions resulted in any significant change in over-all grade point average.

Sex Differences in Prediction of Academic Performance by the Graduate Record Exam

1986 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 1197-1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Kaczmarek ◽  
Juan N. Franco
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
Grade Point Average ◽  
Master's Program ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Caucasian Men ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Graduate Record Exam ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between Graduate Record Exam (GRE) scores and graduate grade-point average (GPA) for Caucasian men and women in a Master's program in counseling was investigated. Scores on neither the Quantitative nor the Verbal scales of the GRE were correlated with GPA for men, but Quantitative scale scores were significantly correlated with GPA for women.

scholarly journals Boredom Proneness and Self-Control as Unique Risk Factors in Achievement Settings

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 9116
Author(s):  
Jhotisha Mugon ◽  
James Boylan ◽  
James Danckert
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Grade Point Average ◽  
Goal Pursuit ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Educational Settings ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Boredom Proneness ◽  
First Time

The state of boredom arises when we have the desire to be engaged in goal pursuit, but for whatever reason we cannot fulfil that desire. Boredom proneness is characterized by both frequent and intense feelings of boredom and is an enduring individual difference trait associated with a raft of negative outcomes. There has been some work in educational settings, but relatively little is known about the consequences of boredom proneness for learning. Here we explored the unique contributions of boredom proneness, self-control and self-esteem to undergraduate self-reported higher grade point average (GPA). Within educational settings, prior research has shown self-control and self-esteem to be associated with better academic performance. In contrast, boredom proneness is associated with lower levels of self-control and self-esteem. Our analyses replicate those previous findings showing that self-control acts as a positive predictor of GPA. Importantly, we further demonstrated, for the first time, that boredom proneness has a unique contribution to GPA over and above the contribution of self-control, such that as boredom proneness increases, GPA decreases. We discuss potential mechanisms through which boredom proneness may influence academic performance.

University Dropout

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel C. Voelkle ◽  
Nicolas Sander
Keyword(s):  
Grade Point Average ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
School Grade ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
High School Grade ◽  
Hands On ◽  
University Dropout ◽  
The Individual ◽  
A Prospective Study

University dropout is a politically and economically important factor. While a number of studies address this issue cross-sectionally by analyzing different cohorts, or retrospectively via questionnaires, few of them are truly longitudinal and focus on the individual as the unit of interest. In contrast to these studies, an individual differences perspective is adopted in the present paper. For this purpose, a hands-on introduction to a recently proposed structural equation (SEM) approach to discrete-time survival analysis is provided ( Muthén & Masyn, 2005 ). In a next step, a prospective study with N = 1096 students, observed across four semesters, is introduced. As expected, average university grade proved to be an important predictor of future dropout, while high-school grade-point average (GPA) yielded no incremental predictive validity but was completely mediated by university grade. Accounting for unobserved heterogeneity, three latent classes could be identified with differential predictor-criterion relations, suggesting the need to pay closer attention to the composition of the student population.

The Importance of Counseling Basic Skills for the Councelors in School

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nova Erlina ◽  
Syafrimen Syafril ◽  
Norhayati Mohd. Noor ◽  
Jusnimar Umar
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Grade Point Average ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Basic Skills ◽  
Counseling Session ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Faculty Of Education ◽  
Teachers Training

Basic competence used during counseling session is the development of trained skills and experienced obtained by counselor candidate during their education. To obtain the skills the counselors have to seriously pass some training phases. This study is aimed at finding out the basic competence possessed by counselor candidate during counseling session in Faculty of Education and Teachers Training in Islamic University of Raden Intan Lampung. This research applied quantitative method, involving 145 of final year students who were randomly selected. Data was collected by distributing the questionnaire of counseling basic competence and analyzed by using descriptive statistic aided by Statistics Package for Social Science (SPSS version 22.0). Generally the findings of the study reveals that the counseling basic competence possessed by the counselor candidates is placed on Average/Simple level. The study also shows that there is no difference competence pursuant to gender and Grade Point Average (GPA) achieved by the object of the study. It implies that the basic competence in conducting counseling session is extremely important and prominent prossesed by the counselors in schools.

scholarly journals Genetic and environmental architecture of conscientiousness in adolescence

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuke Takahashi ◽  
Anqing Zheng ◽  
Shinji Yamagata ◽  
Juko Ando
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Effortful Control ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Genetic Analyses ◽  
Environmental Correlations ◽  
Per Se

AbstractUsing a genetically informative design (about 2000 twin pairs), we investigated the phenotypic and genetic and environmental architecture of a broad construct of conscientiousness (including conscientiousness per se, effortful control, self-control, and grit). These four different measures were substantially correlated; the coefficients ranged from 0.74 (0.72–0.76) to 0.79 (0.76–0.80). Univariate genetic analyses revealed that individual differences in conscientiousness measures were moderately attributable to additive genetic factors, to an extent ranging from 62 (58–65) to 64% (61–67%); we obtained no evidence that shared environmental influences were observed. Multivariate genetic analyses showed that for the four measures used to assess conscientiousness, genetic correlations were stronger than the corresponding non-shared environmental correlations, and that a latent common factor accounted for over 84% of the genetic variance. Our findings suggest that individual differences in the four measures of conscientiousness are not distinguishable at both the phenotypic and behavioural genetic levels, and that the overlap was substantially attributable to genetic factors.

Relationships of the D 48 With Otis Iq and Grade Point Average

1973 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 453-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. McLaurin ◽  
Pauline Pendergrass ◽  
Sandra Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Grade Point Average ◽  
Grade Point

Diploma Program Graduates’ CGPA as Predictor of Success in the Teachers’ Professional Licensing Written Exam Result with Gender Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-335
Author(s):  
Yoseph Shumi Robi
Keyword(s):  
Grade Point Average ◽  
Gender Analysis ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Cumulative Grade Point Average ◽  
Professional Licensing ◽  
Valid Predictor ◽  
Predictor Of Success ◽  
Diploma Program ◽  
Graduating Students ◽  
Exam Result

The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent to which diploma graduates’ Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) predicts their success in teachers’ professional licensing written exam result (TPLWER). A total of 588 graduating students (317 males and 271 females) were included in the study. Correlation, simple regression analyses, and independent sample t-test were employed on the data. The result revealed a statistical significant correlation between CGPA and TPLWER. CGPA appeared to be valid predictor of success of TPLWER and accounted for 33.40% of the variation in TPLWER. The results indicated statistically significant gender differences in diploma graduates’ CGPA and TPLWER.

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