A step toward DSM‐V: cataloguing personality‐related problems in living

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 269-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert R. McCrae ◽  
Corinna E. Löckenhoff ◽  
Paul T. Costa
Keyword(s):  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Step Process ◽  
The Public ◽  
Problems In Living ◽  
Intractable Problems

Intractable problems with DSM‐IV's Axis II mandate an entirely new approach to the diagnosis of personality‐related pathology. The Five‐Factor Model of personality provides a scientifically grounded basis for personality assessment, and Five‐Factor Theory postulates that personality pathology is to be found in characteristic maladaptations that are shaped by both traits and environment. A four‐step process of personality disorder (PD) diagnosis is proposed, in which clinicians assess personality, problems in living, clinical severity, and, optionally, PD patterns. We examine item content in five problem checklists to update the list of personality‐related problems used in Step 2 of the four‐step process. Problems were reliably assigned to relevant factors and facets, and a number of additions were made to an earlier catalogue. The four‐step process can be used by clinicians, and may be incorporated in a future DSM. This article is a U.S. government publication and is in the public domain in the United States.

scholarly journals Personality Assessment Video Game Based on The Five-Factor Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 566-573
Author(s):  
Pietter Haizel ◽  
Grace Vernanda ◽  
Keyzia Alexandra Wawolangi ◽  
Novita Hanafiah
Keyword(s):  
Video Game ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model

Personality Assessment

2016 ◽  
pp. 134-146
Author(s):  
Dragos Iliescu ◽  
Dan Ispas
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Personality Assessment Inventory ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
International Context ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Definition Of

The chapter focuses on the assessment of personality in an international context. Starting from the definition of personality, the chapter discusses the way culture and personality are mixed and sets then out to explain the emic (indigenous) versus etic (universal) debate in personality assessment. The combined emic-etic approach is outlined as an interesting evolution in cross-cultural personality assessment, and two measures based on this approach are discussed, the Cross-Cultural Personality Assessment Inventory (CPAI) and the South African Personality Inventory (SAPI). Finally, the chapter discusses the currently dominant model of personality used in assessment internationally, the five-factor model, outlining some of the dilemmas still being debated related to this model, such as the broad versus narrow debate, the cross-cultural replicability issue, and the bandwidth-fidelity dilemma.

The Oxford Handbook of the Five Factor Model

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Child Psychopathology ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Brain Structure And Function ◽  
Childhood Antecedents ◽  
And Function ◽  
Cross Language ◽  
Considerable Body

The Five-Factor Model (FFM) is arguably the predominant model of general personality structure. There is a considerable body of research supporting its construct validity and practical application. There have been a few books specifically concerning the FFM, but to date there has not yet been a text that brings together in one location all that is known about the FFM. The book begins with an overview chapter on the FFM, followed by in-depth discussions regarding the nature, etiology, importance, and mechanisms of each of the FFM domains. The vast body of research concerning the construct-validity support for the FFM is then provided, including its robustness, factor analytic support, childhood antecedents, cross-language presence, cross-species presence, behavior and molecular genetics, and brain structure and function. The text then provides considerable discussion of the importance and application of the FFM across diverse social concerns, including personality assessment, business and industry, health psychology, marital-family therapy, adult psychopathology, child psychopathology, and clinical utility. There is no comparable text with this much information concerning the validity and utility of the FFM. The text concludes with a final overview chapter.

The validity of FFM personality dimensions and maladaptive traits to predict negative affects at work: a six month prospective study in a military sample

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. S101-S121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean‐Pierre Rolland ◽  
Filip De Fruyt
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Incremental Validity ◽  
Factor Space ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Negative Affects ◽  
Negative Predictor

The present work explores what the domain of maladaptive traits has to offer to the industrial and organizational (I/O) field investigating the incremental validity of maladaptive traits from DSM Axis II to predict negative emotions experienced at work, beyond Five‐Factor Model dimensions. This study was designed to examine the validity of adaptive and maladaptive traits to predict four negative affects (Anger, Fear, Sadness, and Shame) experienced at work in military personnel. The design was longitudinal, including two measurement moments, i.e. prior to and immediately after returning from a peace mission in a foreign country. The four negative affects were largely stable across a six month interval. FFM dimensions substantially explained negative affects experienced six months later, although the variance accounted for varied strongly across affects. In line with previous research, emotional stability was a consistent negative predictor of negative affects at both measurement moments. Two maladaptive traits derived from DSM Axis II (i.e. Borderline and Avoidant) were consistently related to specific negative affects experienced at work. Finally, maladaptive traits did not predict negative affect variance beyond FFM traits. These results are in line with robust findings suggesting that maladaptive trait patterns could be integrated in the five‐factor space, and as a consequence have little or no incremental utility over FFM dimensions. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

scholarly journals Bucher et al. Personality traits and treatment outcomes meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meredith Bucher ◽  
Takakuni Suzuki ◽  
Douglas Samuel
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Therapy Outcomes ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Outcomes ◽  
Common Framework

Personality traits have been hypothesized to be clinically useful for diagnosis, client conceptualization, treatment planning, as well as for predicting treatment outcomes. Although several studies examined the relation between personality traits and specific therapy outcomes, this literature has not yet been systematically reviewed. Thus, the purpose of the current study was to investigate the relations between personality traits and various therapeutic outcomes. Traits were organized via the domains of the five-factor model to provide a common framework for interpreting effects. Across 99 studies (N=107,206), overall findings indicated that traits were systematically related to outcomes, with many specific relations congruent with theorized predictions. Generally, lower levels of neuroticism and higher levels of extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness were associated with more favorable outcomes. More specifically, agreeableness had positive associations with therapeutic alliance and conscientiousness was positively related to abstinence from substances suggesting these traits are likely a beneficial factor to consider at the outset of services. Personality traits also related to various outcomes differently based on moderators. For example, duration of treatment moderated links between traits and outcomes suggesting these effects are amplified over longer services. Overall results suggest that personality assessment can aid with case conceptualization by suggesting potential strengths as well as barriers to treatment.

scholarly journals Change in Five-Factor Model Personality Traits During the Acute Phase of the Coronavirus Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelina Sutin ◽  
Martina Luchetti ◽  
Damaris Aschwanden ◽  
Ji Hyun Lee ◽  
Amanda A Sesker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Psychological Function ◽  
Rapid Spread

The rapid spread of the coronavirus and the strategies to slow it have disrupted just about every aspect of our lives. Such disruption may be reflected in changes in psychological function. The present study used a pre-posttest design to test whether Five Factor Model personality traits changed with the coronavirus outbreak in the United States. Participants (N=2,137) were tested in early February 2020 and again during the President’s 15 Days to Slow the Spread guidelines. In contrast to the preregistered hypotheses, Neuroticism decreased across these six weeks, particularly the facets of Anxiety and Depression, and Conscientiousness did not change. Exploratory analyses indicated that quarantine/isolation status moderated change such that Neuroticism only decreased for those not in quarantine, whereas Openness, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness declined for participants in quarantine. The present research suggests modest changes in personality traits across the acute phase of the coronavirus outbreak.

scholarly journals The development of the Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder Scale (CSBD-19): An ICD-11 based screening measure across three languages

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beáta Bőthe ◽  
Marc N. Potenza ◽  
Mark D. Griffiths ◽  
Shane W. Kraus ◽  
Verena Klein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Behavior Disorder ◽  
The United States ◽  
Compulsive Sexual Behavior ◽  
Negative Consequences

AbstractBackgroundCompulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder (CSBD) is included in the eleventh edition of The International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) as an impulse-control disorder.AimsThe aim of the present work was to develop a scale (Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder Scale–CSBD-19) that can reliably and validly assess CSBD based on ICD-11 diagnostic guidelines.MethodFour independent samples of 9,325 individuals completed self-reported measures from three countries (the United States, Hungary, and Germany). The psychometric properties of the CSBD-19 were examined in terms of factor structure, reliability, measurement invariance, and theoretically relevant correlates. A potential threshold was determined to identify individuals with an elevated risk of CSBD.ResultsThe five-factor model of the CSBD-19 (i.e., control, salience, relapse, dissatisfaction, and negative consequences) had an excellent fit to the data and demonstrated appropriate associations with the correlates. Measurement invariance suggested that the CSBD-19 functions similarly across languages. Men had higher means than women. A score of 50 points was found as an optimal threshold to identify individuals at high-risk of CSBD.ConclusionsThe CSBD-19 is a short, valid, and reliable measure of potential CSBD based on ICD-11 diagnostic guidelines. Its use in large-scale, cross-cultural studies may promote the identification and understanding of individuals with a high risk of CSBD.

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