Analysis of genetic influences on the consistency and variability of the Big Five across different stressful situations

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 355-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerty Lensvelt‐Mulders ◽  
Joop Hettema
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Identical Twin ◽  
Genetic Influences ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Total P

Several studies have demonstrated that individual differences in personality traits, known as the Big Five, have a genetic component. These personality traits are considered important predictors of everyday behaviour. In addition to personality traits there are also factors in the environment that govern behaviour. This dual influence on behaviour is statistically reflected in a P × S interaction. This study examines the genetic and environmental influences on the interactions between a person and his daily life environment for the Big Five. Fifty‐seven identical twin pairs and 43 fraternal twin pairs participated in this study. Trait related behaviour was measured in 30 different situations with the aid of an SR inventory. The heritability coefficients for the main effect of P were in the normal range, varying between 0.35 for Agreeableness and 0.53 for Conscientiousness. The heritability coefficients for the P × S interactions were moderately high, explaining between 26% and 69% of the total P × S variance. The consequences of these results for general and behavioural genetic research on the Big Five will be discussed. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Individual Differences in Students' Preferences for Lecturers' Personalities

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 176-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Furnham ◽  
Tomas Chamorro-Premuzic
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Student Ratings ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Personality Profile ◽  
Similarity Effect ◽  
Intelligence Scores ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. This study examines the relationship between students' personality and intelligence scores with their preferences for the personality profile of their lecturers. Student ratings (N = 136) of 30 lecturer trait characteristics were coded into an internally reliable Big Five taxonomy ( Costa & McCrae, 1992 ). Descriptive statistics showed that, overall, students tended to prefer conscientious, open, and stable lecturers, though correlations revealed that these preferences were largely a function of students' own personality traits. Thus, open students preferred open lecturers, while agreeable students preferred agreeable lecturers. There was evidence of a similarity effect for both Agreeableness and Openness. In addition, less intelligent students were more likely to prefer agreeable lecturers than their more intelligent counterparts were. A series of regressions showed that individual differences are particularly good predictors of preferences for agreeable lecturers, and modest, albeit significant, predictors of preferences for open and neurotic lecturers. Educational and vocational implications are considered.

scholarly journals A meta-analysis on individual differences in primary emotional systems and Big Five personality traits

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Marengo ◽  
Kenneth L. Davis ◽  
Gökçe Özkarar Gradwohl ◽  
Christian Montag
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Affective Neuroscience ◽  
Emotional Systems

AbstractThe Affective Neuroscience Personality Scales (ANPS) were constructed as a self-report assessment to measure individual differences in Jaak Panksepp’s cross-species primary emotional systems: SEEKING, PLAY, CARE (positive emotions) and FEAR, SADNESS, ANGER (negative emotions). Beginning with the first published work on the ANPS in 2003, individual differences on the ANPS measures of these six primary emotional systems have been consistently linked to Big Five personality traits. From a theoretical perspective, these primary emotional systems arising from subcortical regions, shed light on the nature of the Big Five personality traits from an evolutionary perspective, because each of these primary emotional systems represent a tool for survival endowing mammalian species with inherited behavioral programs to react appropriately to complex environments. The present work revisited 21 available samples where both ANPS and Big Five measures have been administered. Our meta-analytical analysis provides solid evidence that high SEEKING relates to high Openness to Experience, high PLAY to high Extraversion, high CARE/low ANGER to high Agreeableness and high FEAR/SADNESS/ANGER to high Neuroticism. This seems to be true regardless of the ANPS inventory chosen, although much more work is needed in this area. Associations between primary emotional systems and Conscientiousness were in the lower effect size area across all six primary emotions, thereby supporting the idea that Conscientiousness rather seems to be less directly related with the subcortical primary emotions and likely is the most cognitive/cortical personality construct out of the Big Five. In sum, the present work underlines the idea that individual differences in primary emotional systems represent evolutionarily ancient foundations of human personality, given their a) meaningful links to the prominent Big Five model and b) their origins lying in subcortical areas of the human brain.

scholarly journals When Fair Is Not Equal

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 847-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Zhao ◽  
Eamonn Ferguson ◽  
Luke D. Smillie
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Real World ◽  
Dictator Game ◽  
Prosocial Behaviors ◽  
Contextual Cues ◽  
Economic Games ◽  
The Real

Growing evidence has highlighted the importance of social norms in promoting prosocial behaviors in economic games. Specifically, individual differences in norm adherence—captured by the politeness aspect of Big Five agreeableness—have been found to predict fair allocations of wealth to one’s partner in the dictator game. Yet, most studies have used neutrally framed paradigms, where players may default to norms of equality in the absence of contextual cues. In this study ( N = 707), we examined prosocial personality traits and dictator allocations under salient real-world norms of equity and need. Extending on the previous research, we found that—in addition to politeness—the compassion aspect of agreeableness predicted greater allocations of wealth when they were embedded in real-world norms. These results represent an important step in understanding the real-world implications of laboratory-based research, demonstrating the importance of both normative context and prosocial traits.

scholarly journals No Tendencies of Personality Traits in Blood Groups: a cross-sectional study conducted on Bangladeshi people.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahsin Ahmed Rupok ◽  
Sunandan Dey ◽  
Bayezid Bostami
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Korean People ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
And Gender

Abstract No studies to date came up with fruitful consequences regarding if or not there is a relationship between blood groups and personality traits rather providing most conflicting, floundering, discrete, equivocal outcomes. Traditionally, Japanese and Korean people support the conception that there are natural inclinations of personality traits in blood groups. Our study aims to explore the rationality of this conception that personality traits and blood groups are interrelated. However, responses of the participants were collected using 50 items big-five factor personality inventory developed by Goldberg: Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism, Conscientiousness, Intellect (Openness to experience). A two way multivariate analysis (MANOVA) was performed on total 148 participants including 85 males and 65 females using IBM SPSS Statistics version 26. MANOVA results revealed that neither the significant main effect of blood groups [F (15,414) = 1.102, p > 0.05] nor had the significant interaction effect of blood groups and gender [F (15,414) = 1.111, p > 0.05] on the combined dependent variables. But this study found significant main effect of gender on the combined dependent variables [F (5,136) = 4.520, p = 0.001, (1-β) = 0.967, η2 = 0.143].This present study does not support the idea that there is significant relationship between blood groups and personality traits. But the idea that male personality significantly differs from female personality is well-supported by this study.

scholarly journals The role of personality in COVID-19 related perceptions, evaluations, and behaviors: Findings across five samples, nine traits, and 17 criteria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingo Zettler ◽  
Christoph Schild ◽  
Lau Lilleholt ◽  
Lara Kroencke ◽  
Till Utesch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Age Effects ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
The World ◽  
Personal Perceptions ◽  
And Behaviors

People and institutions around the world have been affected by the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Herein, we investigate the role of both basic (HEXACO and Big Five) and specific (Dark Factor of Personality, Narcissistic Rivalry and Admiration) personality traits for 17 criteria related to COVID-19, grouped into (i) personal perceptions in terms of risks and worries about the disease, (ii) behavioral adjustments in terms of following the health recommendations and hoarding, and (iii) societal evaluations in terms of the appropriateness of different measures and feelings of social cohesion. (Internal) Meta-analytic results across five samples from two countries (overall N = 10,702) show—next to gender and age effects—the importance of several traits, including Emotionality/Neuroticism for personal perceptions and anti- or prosocial traits for behavior in line with health recommendations. The investigation thus highlights the importance of individual differences in uncertain and changing situations and the COVID-19 pandemic in particular.

Transphobia and Gender Bashing in Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood: The Role of Individual Differences and Psychosocial Variables

2021 ◽  
pp. 003329412110021
Author(s):  
Cristian Cabrera ◽  
Jorge-Manuel Dueñas ◽  
Sandra Cosi ◽  
Fabia Morales-Vives
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Transgender People ◽  
Social Reputation ◽  
And Gender

Although research in recent years has revealed widespread discrimination against transgender people, few studies have addressed the attitudes of those who discriminate. In fact, although studies report that bullying is very common in adolescence, little is known about the attitudes of adolescents towards transgender people. This study aimed to determine the roles of social reputation, family socialisation, the big five personality traits and aggressiveness in transphobia and gender bashing among adolescents. The sample consisted of 479 students (50.1% boys) aged 14–19 (M = 15.04; SD = 1.06). The results revealed that transphobia and gender bashing were significantly related to the study variables. Specifically, the results showed that transphobia is largely predicted by variables of the type related to affect and personality, while gender bashing is largely related to variables of a social and reputational nature. Similarly, differences were found between genders, with boys having significantly higher scores than girls for transphobia and gender bashing, as well as specificity of predictors. The implications of these findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Frequency and Duration of Daily Smartphone Usage in Relation to Personality Traits

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Beierle ◽  
Thomas Probst ◽  
Mathias Allemand ◽  
Johannes Zimmermann ◽  
Rüdiger Pryss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Smartphone App ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Session Duration ◽  
Smart Mobile

Objectives: Daily life behaviour can be studied by smart mobile devices. The current study investigated associations between personality traits and smartphone usage in daily routine. Methods: 526 participants used the Track Your Daily Routine smartphone app (TYDR) for 48 days, on average (SD = 63.2, range 2 to 304). The Big Five Inventory 2 (BFI-2) was deployed to measure personality traits (Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, and Openness). We analyzed associations between personality traits and two indicators of smartphone usage: number of wakeups per day and session duration. Results: Participants reached for a smartphone more frequently during weekdays with shorter duration of usage compared to weekends. Younger people used their smartphones more often but with a shorter duration than older people. Female participants spent more time using smartphone per session than male participants. Extraversion and neuroticism were associated with more frequent checking of the phone per day while conscientiousness was associated with a shorter duration of the session per day. Conclusions: Frequency and duration of daily smartphone usage is associated with personality traits and participants demographics (age, gender). Implications for future research are discussed.    

scholarly journals Genetic and Environmental Pathways Underlying Personality Traits and Perceived Stress: Concurrent and Longitudinal Twin Studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 614-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Luo ◽  
Jaime Derringer ◽  
Daniel A. Briley ◽  
Brent W. Roberts ◽  
René Mõttus
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
The United States ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Genetic Influences ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Genetic Components

The present study examined the genetic and environmental etiology underlying the Big Five personality traits and perceived stress, concurrently and longitudinally. In study 1, we used the twin sample from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health IV) data. The results indicated that about 70% of the association between the Big Five personality traits and perceived stress was due to genetic influences. In study 2, we used the twin sample from the Midlife in the United States Survey (MIDUS I and II) to examine the genetic and environmental influences underlying the longitudinal relations between the Big Five personality traits and perceived stress. The results suggested that continuity in perceived stress was primarily accounted for by genetic influences, and changes in perceived stress were mainly due to nonshared environmental influences. The continuity in the association between the five personality traits and perceived stress was largely accounted for by genetic factors, and nonshared environmental factors made greater contributions to changes in the association between personality traits and perceived stress. Among the Big Five personality traits, the genetic components in conscientiousness and neuroticism made substantial contributions to the genetic link between personality traits and perceived stress across both studies. Copyright © 2017 European Association of Personality Psychology

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document