How valid is the psychoticism scale? A comment on the Van Kampen critique

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans J. Eysenck
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Nomological Network ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Considerable Body

Van Kampen (1993) has published a paper in which he criticizes the concept of psychoticism and the use of the P scale as a measuring device, and advances measures for his own S scale and its validity. This reply attempts to clarify the notion of ‘validity’, and to demonstrate that there is a considerable body of experimental evidence to show that P has a high degree of construct validity, whereas the Van Kampen S scale lacks completely any degree of construct validity. Several examples are given of how the experimental evidence legitimates both the P scale, and the theory (nomological network) on which it is based.

The isolation of nucleic acids from woody tissue using dimethyl sulfoxide

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 1085-1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. V. Gusta ◽  
V. C. Runeckles
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Ribonuclease Activity ◽  
Woody Tissue ◽  
Bark Tissue ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
High Degree

A procedure is described for the isolation of nucleic acids from apple bark tissue using dimethyl sulfoxide. Nucleic acids isolated by this method are high in yield, and exhibit a high degree of purity as evidenced by their spectra. Experimental evidence is given to show that extraction of the tissue with dimethyl sulfoxide before the extraction of nucleic acids removes protein and pigments. Little or no ribonuclease activity could be detected in apple bark tissue after extraction with dimethyl sulfoxide. Ribonuclease activity was shown to be strongly inhibited by high concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide.

scholarly journals Fundamental Analysis of the Usability of an Angle-Resolved Scattered Light Sensor for Monitoring Vibratory Finishing Processes Based on Ray Tracing Simulations

2017 ◽  
Vol 869 ◽  
pp. 115-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
François M. Torner ◽  
Jayanti Das ◽  
Gerhard Stelzer ◽  
Barbara Linke ◽  
Jörg Seewig
Keyword(s):  
Ray Tracing ◽  
Scattered Light ◽  
Sustainable Manufacturing ◽  
Vibratory Finishing ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Light Sensor ◽  
Measurement Principle ◽  
Finishing Processes ◽  
The University ◽  
High Degree

The angle-resolved scattered light sensor OS500 (made by Optosurf in Ettlingen, Germany) is an optical measuring device that is becoming more and more frequently used inindustrial applications and for the characterization of surfaces in general as well as for measuringroughness and shape. The angle-resolved measurement principle allows the statistical distributionof the gradients of a surface, resulting from the reflectance of the light at the flank angles of theareas examined, to be measured and consequently enables the geometric surface texture to beevaluated. Thus the topography of surfaces is not measured; instead the gradients are evaluated.Since the scattered light sensor measures angles and not distances, the sensor is immune to out-ofplanevibrations in the direction of measurement. Another distinct characteristic of the scattered light sensor is the high degree of sensor dynamics, which when combined with the statisticalanalysis of the surface angles, allows even the finest changes in the surface structure to be detected. Accordingly, it makes sense to use the sensor to monitor processes in which the surfaces and their structures change only slightly during the manufacturing process. One such process is so-called vibratory finishing. This process and several other manufacturing processes geared towards sustainable manufacturing methods are being examined by the “Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering” at the University of California, Davis (CA, USA). On the basis of a ray tracing model, simulations calculations, meaning only virtual measurements, will demonstrate the suitability of the sensor for monitoring manufacturing.

The Kirkendall Plane in Binary Interdiffusion Systems

2004 ◽  
Vol 233-234 ◽  
pp. 61-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Kodentsov ◽  
A. Paul ◽  
F.J.J. van Loo
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Kirkendall Effect ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Chemical Approach ◽  
Diffusion Controlled ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Considerable Body

There is now a considerable body of experimental evidence to indicate that in a volumediffusion controlled interaction the Kirkendall plane need not be unique. The Kirkendall plane can microstructurally be stable as well as unstable (it does not exist!). Under predictable circumstances, it can also bifurcate and even trifurcate. This can be rationalised in terms of Kirkendall velocity construction as well as from a purely chemical point of view considering diffusion-controlled interactions at the interphase interfaces. The physico-chemical approach is also used to explain significance of the Kirkendall effect in the morphogenesis of interdiffusion systems.

The Oxford Handbook of the Five Factor Model

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Child Psychopathology ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Brain Structure And Function ◽  
Childhood Antecedents ◽  
And Function ◽  
Cross Language ◽  
Considerable Body

The Five-Factor Model (FFM) is arguably the predominant model of general personality structure. There is a considerable body of research supporting its construct validity and practical application. There have been a few books specifically concerning the FFM, but to date there has not yet been a text that brings together in one location all that is known about the FFM. The book begins with an overview chapter on the FFM, followed by in-depth discussions regarding the nature, etiology, importance, and mechanisms of each of the FFM domains. The vast body of research concerning the construct-validity support for the FFM is then provided, including its robustness, factor analytic support, childhood antecedents, cross-language presence, cross-species presence, behavior and molecular genetics, and brain structure and function. The text then provides considerable discussion of the importance and application of the FFM across diverse social concerns, including personality assessment, business and industry, health psychology, marital-family therapy, adult psychopathology, child psychopathology, and clinical utility. There is no comparable text with this much information concerning the validity and utility of the FFM. The text concludes with a final overview chapter.

scholarly journals Modeling the construct validity of the Berlin Intelligence Structure Model

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinz-Martin Süß ◽  
André Beauducel
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Model Test ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Integrative Model ◽  
Structure Model ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Analysis Models ◽  
High Degree

The Berlin Intelligence Structure Model is a hierarchical and faceted model which is originally based on an almost representative sample of tasks found in the literature. Therefore, the Berlin Intelligence Structure Model is an integrative model with a high degree of generality. The present paper investigates the construct validity of this model by using different confirmatory factor analysis models. The results show that the model assumptions are supported only in part by the data. Moreover, it is demonstrated that there are different possibilities to incorporate the Berlin Intelligence Structure Model assumptions into confirmatory factor analysis models. The results are discussed with regard to the validity of the Berlin Intelligence Structure Model test, and the validity of the model.

Measuring Forgiveness

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Fernández-Capo ◽  
Silvia Recoder Fernández ◽  
María Gámiz Sanfeliu ◽  
Juana Gómez Benito ◽  
Everett L. Worthington
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Nomological Network ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Dispositional Forgiveness

Abstract. Forgiveness is frequently investigated, and many methods of assessment have been used. However, discerning which methods of assessment to use for which purposes has generally not been based on systematic analysis. We searched four databases: Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and PsycINFO. Forgiveness measures were grouped into Forgiveness Scales (i.e., Dispositional Forgiveness, Episodic Forgiveness, and Dyadic Forgiveness) and Other Measures of Forgiveness (i.e., implicit, behavioral, and biological measures). We reviewed original articles that describe the development of 45 measures and compiled psychometric information (including instrument language and availability, original samples, instrument composition, estimated reliabilities of scores, evidence of construct validity, and an evaluation of each measure). Also, our review suggests a nomological network of associations regarding the construct validity of interpreting scores as forgiveness. Those associations inform the concept of forgiveness, describing which and how variables are associated with this construct. We evaluate the level of sophistication of research in forgiveness assessment and offer suggestions to consider when choosing specific instruments to assess dispositional and episodic forgiveness.

A Critical review about Haratala ( Orpiment )

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranav K. Shah ◽  
L. B. Singh ◽  
P. U. Vaishnav ◽  
Bharat Kalsariya
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Powdered Material ◽  
Inorganic Compound ◽  
Burning Sensation ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
High Degree

Haratala (Arsenic trisulphide) is an inorganic compound with the formula As2S3. The Haratala is used without proper purification the toxic effects are Daha (burning sensation), Kampaka (tremors), Toda (pricking pain), Kshobha, Pida, Raktadusti (vitiates blood), Kushta (skin disease), Malinikaroti Gatram, Vata Kapha Prakopatamaka Roga, Mrtyusankakara. Coarse powdered material is less toxic because it can be eliminated in faeces before it dissolves, experimental evidence has shown a high degree of gastro-intestinal absorption of both trivalent and pentavalent forms of arsenic. Arsenic is eliminated by many routes (faeces, urine, sweat, hair, skin, lungs) although most is excreted in urine of man.

Construct Validity of the Need to Belong Scale: Mapping the Nomological Network

2013 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 610-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark R. Leary ◽  
Kristine M. Kelly ◽  
Catherine A. Cottrell ◽  
Lisa S. Schreindorfer
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Need To Belong ◽  
Nomological Network

scholarly journals Reactions to Disability: an Empirical Investigation of their Nature and Structure

1990 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanoch Livneh ◽  
Richard F. Antonak
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Physical Disability ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Partial Support ◽  
Relative Independence ◽  
Psychometric Analyses ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Shock Anxiety

This paper describes the initial steps toward the construction of an experimental, multidimensional inventory to - measure reactions to physical disability. The Relations to Impairment and Disability Inventory (RIDI) was developed to provide information on eight patterns of psychosocial reactions to disability, namely: shock, anxiety, denial, depression, internalized anger, externalized hostility, acknowledgement, and adjustment. Data are presented on initial psychometric analyses of the inventory. Analyses of the eight scales supported their homogeneity and relative independence, and the inventory's construct validity was partially documented. A moderately high degree of relationship was found between the Acknowledgement and Adjustment scales and the Acceptance of Disability (AD) scale (Linkowski, 1971), providing partial support of the inventory's criterion-related validity.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document