Valuation theory, the self‐confrontation method, and scientific personality psychology

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
James T. Lamiell
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Valuation Theory ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Primary Focus

This article presents an invited commentary on the two previous articles by Hermans and Bonarius (1991) and by Hermans (1991). Primary focus is placed on certain enduring confusions regarding the historic ‘nomothetic vs. idiographic’ controversy in personality psychology, the traces of those confusions in the writings of Hermans and Bonarius, and the importance of eliminating those confusions if the full potential of valuation theory and the self‐confrontation method is to be realized, not only as a means of gaining idiographic knowledge and clinically helpful insights, but also as a means of gaining genuinely nomothetic knowledge in the domain of personality.

The person as co‐investigator in self‐research: Valuation theory

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hubert J. M. Hermans
Keyword(s):  
Good Reason ◽  
The Self ◽  
Valuation Theory ◽  
Dynamic Phenomenon ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Constructivist View ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Research Show

Recent developments in self‐research show the self to be increasingly conceived as an organized and highly dynamic phenomenon. In combination with the arguments presented in the preceding article, these developments are a good reason for adopting a method in which the psychologist and the subject work together in the study of the self: The self‐confrontation method and the theory on which it is based—valuation theory—are presented as an example of such an approach. This method construes the self as an organized process of valuations, a valuation being any unit of meaning that the person finds of importance in thinking about his or her life. Formulated in the language of the person him‐ or herself; these valuations and how they develop over time are considered in a dialogue between the psychologist and the subject. For the purposes of demonstration, two phenomena that are not easily observedare discussed here: (a) the existence of an imaginal figure not visibly present but functioning as a signifcant other in the person's daily life, and (b) the presence of a character in a recurring dream, which later gets included as an integral part of the self: Finally, the present approach is briefly discussed as representing a constructivist view of personality psychology.

The Self-Control Construct in the General Theory of Crime: An Investigation in Terms of Personality Psychology

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estrella Romero ◽  
Antonio Go´mez-Fraguela ◽  
A´ngeles Luengo ◽  
Jorge Sobral
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Control ◽  
General Theory Of Crime ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Theory Of Crime ◽  
Control Construct

Electronic properties of austenite and martensite Fe-9%Mn alloys

Open Physics ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ercan Uçgun ◽  
Hamza Ocak
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Electronic Properties ◽  
Lattice Relaxation ◽  
The Self ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Generalized Gradient ◽  
Plane Wave Method ◽  
Lattice Constants ◽  
Generalized Gradient Approximation ◽  
Self Consistent

AbstractWe calculate the electronic properties of austenite and martensite Fe-9%Mn alloys using the self consistent full-potential linearized-plane-wave method under the generalized gradient approximation full lattice relaxation. By minimizing total-energy, the lattice constants in their ground states were determined. We discuss the total energy dependence of the volume, and density of states (DOS).

Electric Field Gradient Calculations of Various Borides

1996 ◽  
Vol 51 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 527-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Schwarz ◽  
H. Ripplinger ◽  
P. Blaha
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
First Principles ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
The Self ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Electric Field Gradients ◽  
Charge Density Distribution ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Field Gradients ◽  
Self Consistent

Abstract A first-principles method for the computation of electric field gradients (EFG) is illustrated for various borides. It is based on energy band calculations using the full-potential linearized aug-mented plane wave (LAPW) method within density functional theory. From the self-consistent charge density distribution the EFG is obtained without further approximations by numerically solving Poisson's equation. The dependence of the EFG on structure, chemical composition or substitution is demonstrated for the diborides MB2 (with M = Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, and Ta), the hexaborides (CaB6, SrB6 and BaB6) and boron carbide which is closely related to α-boron.

scholarly journals PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS ON THE MAIN CHARACTER PERSONALITY IN THE SHORT STORIES BY ROALD DAHL

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Pardi Bilalia
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Psychological Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Descriptive Method

This research is aimed to analyze the main character personality short stories by Roald Dahl  as Depicted in her Short Stories. In conducting this research, the researcher applies the qualitative descriptive method. The researcher uses documentation as the technique of collecting data. All the necessary data which related to the research are gathered by doing several steps. The first tep is the researcher selects the short stories by Roald Dahl. The second step is the researcher gathers the literary reference that related to psychological approach. From the analysis the researcher finds that anyone who lives in this world will not be separated from its basic needs,  psychological needs, and self fulfillment need. Like food, water, rest, intimate relationships, and achieving one’s full potential.   Keywords: Personality, Psychology, Motivation

scholarly journals Understanding Women-Nature Dynamics: Eco-consciousness as a Quest for Identity in Selected Texts from Assam

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paloma Chaterji ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Women Characters ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
The Self ◽  
Individual Identity ◽  
Specific Behavior ◽  
Limited Space ◽  
The Feminine ◽  
History Of ◽  
Primary Focus

My paper will explore the constantly changing dynamics of women-nature relationship through social and cultural history of Assam. I will gradually explore the eco-consciousness and the changing principles of my subjects as I shift my focus from the Shakti cult, to the Vaishnavite, to the modern urbanised subjects of the texts. The women characters in these texts will be the primary focus of this study as I begin to explore how they struggle to recognize their individual identity and how their association with nature comes as a response to accommodate what has been rendered passive by patriarchy. I will reflect on how the ever ideal and nurturing image of nature is problematic. The place-specific behavior of the characters in my study will offer a better vision of how women combat the ever presence patriarchal horrors through interaction with nature. Such an interaction reveals how nature actually makes women conscious of their individuality. This study will convey how free spirited nature helps these women overcome their limited space laced with patriarchal beliefs of selfless nurturing where the self is denied. Building on postcolonial critics like Chandra Mohanty, I would like to explore the discursive limits set by the processes of homogenization to which Assamese women have been subjected by a range of texts. This paper will explore the changing configurations of these limits and their implications, especially with regard to their interpellation in patriarchy. Through gendered readings of representative texts like Indira Goswami’s The Man from Chinnamasta and The Moth Eaten Howdah of the Tuskar and Mitra Phukan’s The Collector’s Wife, I will try to dismantle the essentialist binaries of nature/culture, men/women. Finally, this paper aims to dilute the ‘feminine’ and the ‘masculine’ principles and looks beyond the gynocentric essentialism of both nature and women.

scholarly journals An Education for Life: The Process of Learning the Alexander Technique

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-198
Author(s):  
Charlotte Woods ◽  
Lesley Glover ◽  
Julia Woodman
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Alexander Technique ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Management Method ◽  
Primary Focus

The Alexander technique is an educational self-development self-management method with therapeutic benefits. The primary focus of the technique is learning about the self, conceptualized as a mind–body unity. Skills in the technique are gained experientially, including through hands-on and spoken guidance from a certified Alexander teacher, often using everyday movement such as walking and standing. In this article the authors summarize key evidence for the effectiveness of learning the Alexander technique and describe how the method was developed. They attempt to convey a sense of the unique all-encompassing and fundamental nature of the technique by exploring the perspectives of those engaged in teaching and learning it and conclude by bringing together elements of this account with relevant strands of qualitative research to view this lived experience in a broader context.

Why Does Awe Have Prosocial Effects? New Perspectives on Awe and the Small Self

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua D. Perlin ◽  
Leon Li
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Response ◽  
Attentional Focus ◽  
The Self ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Quiet Ego ◽  
Current Formulation

Awe is an emotional response to stimuli that are perceived to be vast (e.g., tall trees, sunsets) and that defy accommodation by existing mental structures. Curiously, awe has prosocial effects despite often being elicited by nonsocial stimuli. The prevailing explanation for why awe has prosocial effects is that awe reduces attention to self-oriented concerns (i.e., awe makes the self small), thereby making more attention available for other-oriented concerns. However, several questions remain unaddressed by the current formulation of this small-self hypothesis. How are awe researchers defining the self, and what implications might their theory of selfhood have for understanding the “smallness” of the self? Building on theories regarding psychological selfhood, we propose that awe may interact with the self not just in terms of attentional focus but rather at multiple layers of selfhood. We further reinterpret the small self using the notion of the quiet ego from personality psychology. Linking awe to an enriched model of the self provided by personality psychology may be fruitful for explaining a range of phenomena and motivating future research.

scholarly journals 3D Printing of a Self-Healing Thermoplastic Polyurethane through FDM: From Polymer Slab to Mechanical Assessment

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
Linda Ritzen ◽  
Vincenzo Montano ◽  
Santiago J. Garcia
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
The Self ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
3D Printed

The use of self-healing (SH) polymers to make 3D-printed polymeric parts offers the potential to increase the quality of 3D-printed parts and to increase their durability and damage tolerance due to their (on-demand) dynamic nature. Nevertheless, 3D-printing of such dynamic polymers is not a straightforward process due to their polymer architecture and rheological complexity and the limited quantities produced at lab-scale. This limits the exploration of the full potential of self-healing polymers. In this paper, we present the complete process for fused deposition modelling of a room temperature self-healing polyurethane. Starting from the synthesis and polymer slab manufacturing, we processed the polymer into a continuous filament and 3D printed parts. For the characterization of the 3D printed parts, we used a compression cut test, which proved useful when limited amount of material is available. The test was able to quasi-quantitatively assess both bulk and 3D printed samples and their self-healing behavior. The mechanical and healing behavior of the 3D printed self-healing polyurethane was highly similar to that of the bulk SH polymer. This indicates that the self-healing property of the polymer was retained even after multiple processing steps and printing. Compared to a commercial 3D-printing thermoplastic polyurethane, the self-healing polymer displayed a smaller mechanical dependency on the printing conditions with the added value of healing cuts at room temperature.

scholarly journals Teaching and practicing the Quadriga in Medieval Norway: A Reading of Barlaams og Josaphats Saga

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 225-244
Author(s):  
Stefka G. Eriksen
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Change ◽  
The Self ◽  
Yale University ◽  
Rare Book ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Religious Rituals ◽  
Illuminated Manuscript ◽  
Cognitive Transformation ◽  
Medieval Europe ◽  
Primary Focus

The present volume establishes that Christian liturgy and religious rituals were the main tools for the transformation of the self after the introduction of Christianity in various cultural contexts of medieval Europe. The liturgical ritual was the ultimate arena and outer manifestation of the cognitive and behavioral changes required by individuals and which were inspired in them by the Church. In this article, I will discuss whether the same tools for transformation were relevant in medieval Norway and how self-reflection and cognitive change were triggered not only during the liturgy but also through other activities, such as the reading of literature. The primary focus will be on the medium of the book, here exemplified by an Old Norse translation of the pan-European legend about Barlaam and Josaphat as preserved in its main manuscript Holm Perg 6 fol., c. 1250. By Studying the content of the saga, its narratological structure, and the mise en page of the manuscript, I will argue that the text foregrounded the Christian quadriga model of interpreting and may have served to teach this model to its readers, i.e. members of the upper social class in medieval Norway during the second half of the thirteenth and the beginning of the fourteenth century. This book itself, with its specific mise en page, may thus be seen as a tool assisting in the transformation of the self, in a similar way as the liturgy. Keywords: Barlaams saga, Quadriga, cognitive transformation, mise en page, medieval Norway.  On cover:Monks singing the Office and decorated initial A[sperges me.]. Gradual Olivetan Master (Use of the Olivetan Benedictines), illuminated manuscript on parchment ca. 1430-1439. Italy, Monastero di Santa Maria di Baggio near Milan, Ca 1400-1775.Beinecke Ms1184: The olivetan Gradual. Gradual. General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University.

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