Style and substance in social desirability scales

1989 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Menucha Birenbaum ◽  
Itzhak Montag
Keyword(s):  
Social Desirability ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Personality Factor ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Social Desirability Bias ◽  
Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Personality Questionnaires ◽  
Occupational Selection

The purpose of the present study was to examine the nature of a social desirability measure under two different types of instructions for filling out personality questionnaires in an occupational selection setting. 1230 male applicants for public vehicle driving licences were administered Cattett's 16PF and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ). The subjects were randomly assigned to two groups. One was given standard instructions for filling out these questionnaires; the second was given special instructions designed to reduce social desirability response bias. Social desirability was indexed by the Lie scale of the EPQ. Based on Eysenck's theorizing concerning the meaning of the Lie scale, the following hypothesis was tested: the factorial location of the Lie scale in the personality domain will differ under the two forms of instructions. It should appear separately from other personality factors under the standard instructions, whereas under the special instructions it should be subsumed under the personality factor which measures conformity. The results supported this hypothesis. The discussion focuses on the meaning of the Lie scale under conditions that elicit social desirability bias and on the role of special instructions in reducing this bias.

Exploring More on the Effects of Psychological Self-Help Paperbacks

1988 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 891-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Forest
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Treatment Condition ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Reading Condition ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Personality Questionnaires

Three studies examined the influence of paperbacks about psychological self-help on responses to personality questionnaires. Each study consisted of a 2 × 3 design that varied presence or absence of a pretest on a personality questionnaire and an intervening treatment condition which involved reading either one of two self-help books or reading no book. The dependent measures were posttest scale scores on the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, the Tennessee Self-concept Scale and the 16 Personality Factors questionnaire. The effects of 6 self-help paperbacks, tested in pairs, were examined over the 3 experiments. Multivariate analysis of variance showed that the reading condition was nonsignificant across all experiments while the pretest condition was a significant factor for only one questionnaire.

Personality and Worry: The Role of Intolerance of Uncertainty

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 1607-1616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihui Yang ◽  
Ruiming Wang ◽  
Hui Chen ◽  
Jiali Ding
Keyword(s):  
Intolerance Of Uncertainty ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Penn State Worry Questionnaire ◽  
Penn State ◽  
State Worry ◽  
The Relationship

We examined the relationship between personality and worry, and tested a mediation model in which intolerance of uncertainty (IU) mediated this relationship. Participants comprised 1,135 Chinese college undergraduates who completed the Chinese versions of the Penn State Worry Questionnaire, the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale, and the Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Short Scale for Chinese. Results showed that neuroticism, extraversion, and IU were significantly correlated with worry. The paths between personality (neuroticism and extraversion) and worry, and the paths mediated by IU, were significant. Participants' IU mediated the relationship between personality factors of neuroticism and extraversion, and worry. The results indicated that IU can be considered as a partial mediator of the relationship between personality and worry.

Cross-Cultural Comparisons of Personality: The Netherlands and England

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1091-1096 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Sanderman ◽  
S. B. G. Eysenck ◽  
W. A. Arrindell
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Social Desirability ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Dutch Version ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Personality Variables ◽  
National Differences ◽  
Neuroticism Scale

401 men and 475 women completed the Dutch version of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. Factor comparisons all exceeded 0.97 so that the factors of Psychoticism, Extraversion, Neuroticism, and Social Desirability are deemed to be identical in the two countries, England and The Netherlands. Sex differences conform with those in most other cross-cultural studies, namely, men score higher than women on Psychoticism and Extraversion, but lower on Neuroticism and Social Desirability. Reliabilities (alpha coefficients) are satisfactorily high for all factors, although the lowest value (0.62) for the Psychoticism dimension for Dutch men appears somewhat weak. National differences on personality variables were only significant for the Neuroticism scale and Social Desirability; Dutch men and women scored lower on the Neuroticism scale than their English counterparts but higher on Social Desirability.

General Factor of Personality Questionnaire (GFPQ): Only one Factor to Understand Personality?

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvador Amigó ◽  
Antonio Caselles ◽  
Joan C. Micó
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
General Factor ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Approach And Avoidance ◽  
Sensitivity To Reward ◽  
General Factor Of Personality ◽  
Sensitivity To Punishment

This study proposes a psychometric approach to assess the General Factor of Personality (GFP) to explain the whole personality. This approach defends the existence of one basic factor that represents the overall personality. The General Factor of Personality Questionnaire (GFPQ) is presented to measure the basic, combined trait of the complete personality. The questionnaire includes 20 items and is constituted by two scales with 10 items each one: the Extraversion Scale (ES) and the Introversion Scale (IS). The GFPQ shows adequate internal consistency and construct validity, while the relationships with the personality factors of other models and with psychopathology are as expected. It correlates positively and significantly with Extraversion (E) and Psychoticism (P), and negatively with Neuroticism (N) of Eysenck's EPQ (Eysenck Personality Questionnaire); it correlates positively and significantly with the Sensation Seeking Scaled (SSS) of Zuckerman, and is inside the expected direction with Sensitivity to Reward (SR) and Sensitivity to Punishment (SP) of the Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire (SPSRQ), which represent the approach and avoidance trends of behavior, respectively. It not only relates negatively with the personality disorders of the anxiety spectrum, but also with the emotional disorders in relation to anxiety and depression, and it relates positively with the antisocial personality disorder.

National Differences in Personality: Iceland and England

1983 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 999-1003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sybil B. G. Eysenck ◽  
Erlendur Haraldsson
Keyword(s):  
Personality Factors ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Personality Questionnaire ◽  
National Differences

577 men and 567 women were given the 101-item version of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, translated into Icelandic. Although some items were inappropriate for use in Iceland, a viable scoring key was suggested and all reliabilities, except perhaps for Psychoticism, were satisfactory. Indices of factor comparison showed very clearly identical factors in both countries. Icelandic and British subjects were compared on the personality factors, using reduced scales comprising only items both scoring keys shared; Icelandic subjects scored lower on all factors, although not always at a statistically significant level.

scholarly journals Type of temperament as a factor of formation of marriage structure of a population

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
E. N. Etkalo ◽  
L. A. Atramentova
Keyword(s):  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Actual Number ◽  
Expected Number ◽  
Marriage Structure

Aim. To clarify the role of temperament in the formation of the marriage structure of the urbanized population. Methods. The type of temperament was determined using the G. Eysenck personality questionnaire (EPI). Results. 267 couples were examined. The age of men is 35-57 years old, the age of women is 33-55 years old. The entire survey was Kharkov residents - ethnic Ukrainians and Russians. Among the studied marriages, 105 (almost 40%) were endogamous in relation to temperament, 162 (60%) were exogamous. The actual number of endogamous marriages was greater, and exogamous less than the theoretically expected number in panmixia. All endogamous marriages turned out to be positively assortative, the indicator of marital assortativeness for various types of temperament was 17-25%. Conclusions. In endogamous marriages, only the effect of “attraction” was observed. In exogamous marriages, both statistical “attraction” and “repulsion” of temperaments are noted. The effect of "attraction/ repulsion" manifests itself in different ways in reciprocal marriages. Keywords: temperament, population, endogamy. 

scholarly journals Effectiveness of a Theory-Informed Documentary to Reduce Consumption of Meat and Animal Products: Three Randomized Controlled Experiments

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4555
Author(s):  
Maya B. Mathur ◽  
Jacob R. Peacock ◽  
Thomas N. Robinson ◽  
Christopher D. Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Social Desirability ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Social Desirability Bias ◽  
Controlled Experiments ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Societal Issues ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Intervention Content

Several societal issues could be mitigated by reducing global consumption of meat and animal products (MAP). In three randomized, controlled experiments (n=217 to 574), we evaluated the effects of a documentary that presents health, environmental, and animal welfare motivations for reducing MAP consumption. Study 1 assessed the documentary’s effectiveness at reducing reported MAP consumption after 12 days. This study used methodological innovations to minimize social desirability bias, a widespread limitation of past research. Study 2 investigated discrepancies between the results of Study 1 and those of previous studies by further examining the role of social desirability bias. Study 3 assessed the documentary’s effectiveness in a new population anticipated to be more responsive and upon enhancing the intervention content. We found that the documentary did not decrease reported MAP consumption when potential social desirability bias was minimized (Studies 1 and 3). The documentary also did not affect consumption among participants whose demographics suggested they might be more receptive (Study 3). However, the documentary did substantially increase intentions to reduce consumption, consistent with past studies (Studies 2 and 3). Overall, we conclude that some past studies of similar interventions may have overestimated effects due to methodological biases. Novel intervention strategies to reduce MAP consumption may be needed.

Approfondire la giustizia organizzativa nel contesto ospedaliero: tratti di personalitŕ o intelligenza emotiva?

RISORSA UOMO ◽  
2013 ◽  
pp. 495-507
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Organizational Justice ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Italian Version ◽  
Emotional Quotient Inventory ◽  
New Research

This study aims to take an in-depth look at the role of personality traits and emotional intelligence in relation to organizational justice. The Italian version of the Organizational Justice Scale (OJS), the Italian version of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised Short Form (EPQ-RS) and the Italian version of the Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory (Bar-On EQ-i) were administered to 241 nurses. The emotional intelligence dimensions add a significant percentage of incremental variance compared to variances due to personality traits with respect to organizational justice. The results highlight the role of emotional intelligence and its relationship with organizational justice, offering new research and intervention perspectives.

Bulimic Symptomatology and Personality Factors in a Nonclinical Sample: A Replication

1994 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 224-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Geissler ◽  
I. W. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Positive Association ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Bulimic Symptoms ◽  
Nonclinical Sample ◽  
The Relationship

Analysis of 102 undergraduate women's responses replicated the 1993 findings of Janzen, Saklofske, and Kelly considering the relationship between personality characteristics based on the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire—Revised and bulimic symptomatology as measured by the BULIT—R. Consistent with Janzen, et al., the strongest relationship with bulimic symptomatology was for Neuroticism. Also consistent was the lack of relationship with Extraversion scores. At variance with the earlier findings was a weak positive association between reports of bulimic symptoms and scores on Psychoticism.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document