Rising High or Falling Deep? Pathways of Self–Esteem in a Representative German Sample

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Mund ◽  
Franz J. Neyer
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Status ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Latent Classes ◽  
Individual Change ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Growth Mixture ◽  
Growth Mixture Modelling ◽  
Health And Well Being

In many longitudinal studies, self–esteem has been shown to increase up until around age 50 or 60 and to decrease thereafter. These studies have also found substantial inter–individual differences in the intra–individual development of self–esteem. In the current study, we examined whether this variation in change could be attributed to underlying latent classes of individuals following different trajectories of self–esteem development over time. By applying general growth mixture modelling to data from the representative German pairfam study (N = 12 377), four latent classes of self–esteem development across five years were extracted. Based on their mean levels, trajectories, and variability, individuals in the latent classes could be described as having (a) constant and stable high self–esteem (29.00% of the sample), (b) constant but variable moderate self–esteem (31.69%), (c) increasing and stabilizing self–esteem (15.13%), and (d) decreasing and variable self–esteem (24.18%). Furthermore, these latent classes differed in accordance with findings of prior research on self–rated, partner–rated, and objective correlates of the domains of health and well–being, partner relationships, and occupational status. Thus, the current study shows that inter–individual variation in intra–individual change in self–esteem is not random but reflects specific individual trajectories, or pathways, of self–esteem. Copyright © 2016 European Association of Personality Psychology

Psychological Well-Being in Wheelchair Sport Participants and Nonparticipants

1994 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 404-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Campbell ◽  
Graham Jones
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Sport Participant ◽  
Participant Group ◽  
Individual Self ◽  
Health And Well Being

This paper considered (a) the psychological well-being of wheelchair sport participants and wheelchair sport nonparticipants, and (b) the influence of competitive level on the psychological well-being of wheelchair sport participants. Psychological well-being was evaluated by considering mood, trait anxiety, self-esteem, mastery, and individual self-perceptions of health and well-being. Wheelchair sport participants exhibited an iceberg profile of positive well-being with lower tension, depression, anger, and confusion and higher vigor than the sport nonparticipant group. The sport participant group also showed significantly greater levels of mastery and more positive perceptions of their health and well-being than the sport nonparticipant group. International athletes had (a) higher levels of vigor than the national and recreational groups; (b) lower levels of anxiety than the regional and recreational groups; (c) higher levels of self-esteem than the national, regional, and recreational groups; (d) higher levels of mastery than the regional and recreational groups; and (e) more positive perceptions of their well-being than the national, regional, and recreational groups.

Narcissism as a Consideration When Designing Health and Risk Messages

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin M. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Physical Appearance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Health Risk Behaviors ◽  
Being There ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Health And Well Being

Narcissism is a personality trait characterized by perceptions of grandiosity, superiority, and the need for attention and admiration. There has been an increase in focus on examining the development of narcissism and how the trait influences a range of social and health behaviors. A key feature of narcissism is that it is characterized by high self-esteem with a simultaneously fragile ego that requires continual monitoring and manipulation. Therefore, much of the behaviors narcissists engage in are linked to the drive to maintain perceptions of superiority and grandiosity. In the area of health and well-being, narcissism has been positively correlated with psychological health, a relationship that may be accounted for by self-esteem. However, there has been less research on the relationship between narcissism and physical health and well-being. There is some evidence that narcissism is linked to a variety of physical appearance-oriented health behaviors (i.e., behaviors that could affect body weight or other aspects of physical appearance, including eating and exercise). Narcissism has also been positively linked to risk-taking behaviors, including use of substances, as well as risks that could significantly impact others, including sexual behaviors and risky driving. The relationship between narcissism and health is therefore complex, with some positive correlates (e.g., physical activity), but also various health risk behaviors. In considering how narcissism might interact with health messages, communicators have to keep in mind that narcissists seem to have some deficits in judgment and decision-making, such as overconfidence and a narrow focus on rewards associated with behaviors. Their behaviors tend to be driven by managing their own ego and by drawing attention and admiration from others to maintain perceptions of superiority and grandiosity. In turn, health communicators may need to rely on creative strategies that tap into these domains of narcissism in order to effectively modify health behaviors among narcissistic individuals. Further research on the influence of narcissism in healthcare seeking and related preventive behaviors would also help to provide a more detailed understanding for how the trait influences health decisions, information that would be useful for both health researchers and practitioners.

scholarly journals Intimate Relationships as Perceived by Adolescents: Concepts and Meanings

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2256
Author(s):  
Isabel Moreira ◽  
Maria Fernandes ◽  
Armando Silva ◽  
Cristina Veríssimo ◽  
Maria Leitão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Intimate Relationship ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Friends With Benefits ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Central Portugal ◽  
Knowledge Of Language ◽  
Health And Well Being

Adolescence is a period of great changes and the assumption of risk behaviours at the level of sexuality may have implications for health and well-being. Nowadays, adolescents live free from constraints and prioritise freedom, using their own terminology to label their relationships, it becoming in turn important to conceptualise intimacy relationships from their perspective. Therefore, a qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory study was performed. Participants included 109 adolescents aged 14 and 18 years old from public schools in central Portugal. Data were collected using 12 focus groups and a content analysis was undertaken. These terms attributed to intimate relationships by adolescents are, for the most part, mutual for both genders: crush, friendzone, friends with benefits, making out, dating, and similar in terms of meaning. In an intimate relationship, adolescents give priority to factors such as respect, trust, and love. The fear of loneliness, obsession, and low self-esteem are reasons pointed out by adolescents for maintaining an unhealthy intimate relationship. Adolescents’ knowledge of language about their intimate relationships is essential to establish effective communication and to build intervention programs in the healthy intimacy relationships field.

scholarly journals Education and Successful Aging Trajectories: A Longitudinal Population-Based Latent Variable Modelling Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore D. Cosco ◽  
Blossom C.M. Stephan ◽  
Carol Brayne ◽  
Graciela Muniz ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Successful Aging ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Growth Mixture ◽  
Growth Mixture Modelling ◽  
Higher Educational Attainment ◽  
Life Education

ABSTRACTAs the population ages, interest is increasing in studying aging well. However, more refined means of examining predictors of biopsychosocial conceptualizations of successful aging (SA) are required. Existing evidence of the relationship between early-life education and later-life SA is unclear. The Successful Aging Index (SAI) was mapped onto the Cognitive Function and Aging Study (CFAS), a longitudinal population-based cohort (n = 1,141). SAI scores were examined using growth mixture modelling (GMM) to identify SA trajectories. Unadjusted and adjusted (age, sex, occupational status) ordinal logistic regressions were conducted to examine the association between trajectory membership and education level. GMM identified a three-class model, capturing high, moderate, and low functioning trajectories. Adjusted ordinal logistic regression models indicated that individuals in higher SAI classes were significantly more likely to have higher educational attainment than individuals in the lower SAI classes. These results provide evidence of a life course link between education and SA.

Academic and general well-being: The relationship with coping

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (S1) ◽  
pp. 19-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Frydenberg ◽  
Ramon Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Academic Stress ◽  
Ways Of Coping ◽  
Coping Responses ◽  
Coping Scale ◽  
Teacher Reports ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Health And Well Being

There is an increasing concern with the general health and well-being of youth in educational settings. This paper reviews eleven studies which focus on the relationship between adolescents' coping strategies and various aspects of their general and academic well-being. In each of these studies the measure used to assess students' coping responses was the Adolescent Coping Scale (Frydenberg & Lewis, 1993). In one study it was generally found that when it came to young people's depression the use of non-productive coping was a predictor over and above teacher reports of students' well-being. In several other studies it was found that more reported problems, low self-esteem and high perceived academic stress were associated with the use of non productive coping strategies. In a study of gifted young people it was found that those with rigid beliefs about themselves were also likely to use non-productive coping strategies. In the adult community, young women with anorexia nervosa resorted to non productive ways of coping as did university students who were experiencing academic stress. There appears to be general support for the notion that if successful coping is to be increased, it may be helpful to teach ways in which the use of non-productive strategies can be decreased.

scholarly journals SELF-ESTEEM OF TEENS WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENTS AS A PREDICTOR OF HARDINESS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Anastasia V. Miklyaeva ◽  
Irina A. Gorkovaya
Keyword(s):  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Visual Impairments ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Normal Vision ◽  
Health And Well Being

<p>The paper discusses the problem of visually impaired teens’ hardiness and its predictors. The results shows that teenagers with visual impairments do not differ from “healthy” peers in terms of hardiness, however, their self-esteem is different to teens with normal vision. Predictors of hardiness are: idealized representations of own health and well-being for blind adolescents; actual self-esteem of happiness and persprctive self-esteem for teenagers with low vision; actual self-esteem of happiness and mirrored self-esteem for “healthy” adolescents.</p>

scholarly journals Heterogeneity in Husbands’ and Wives’ Physical Pain Trajectories over Mid-Later Years: Biopsychosocial Stratification and Implications for Later Life Well-Being

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kandauda A S Wickrama ◽  
Tae Kyoung Lee ◽  
Catherine Walker O’Neal
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
Growth Mixture Modeling ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Policy Formation ◽  
Physical Pain ◽  
Growth Mixture ◽  
Pain Trajectories ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Health And Well Being

Abstract Background and Objectives The present study investigated pain trajectories of husbands and wives over their mid-later years, the grouping of these trajectories, and differences in baseline biopsychosocial profiles and health and well-being outcomes in later years across the pain trajectory groups. Research Design and Methods Growth mixture modeling was used to identify latent classes of 244 husbands’ and wives’ physical pain trajectories over their mid-later years (1994-2015, average ages of 44-65 years). Analyses were conducted to identify how these pain trajectory classes were associated with respondents’ biopsychosocial profiles in 1994 and health and well-being in later years (2017, (&gt;67 years). Results The individual pain trajectories of husbands and wives were clustered into three heterogeneous groups with differing trajectory patterns. Non-normative pain trajectory groups (with either a high pain level and/or persistent pain) were associated with adverse baseline biopsychosocial characteristics. These groups also experienced poorer health and well-being outcomes in later years (2017) compared to those with consistently low pain after controlling for lagged measures in 2015. Discussion and Implications The identification of pain trajectory groups and characteristics of group members provides a potentially useful prognostic tool for early preventive intervention efforts, treatment, and policy formation. Such interventions can promote and develop resiliency factors, thereby aiding in the redirection of middle-aged husbands’ and wives’ adverse pain trajectories.

Self-Compassion and Reactions to a Recalled Exercise Lapse: The Moderating Role of Gender-Role Schemas

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Alana Signore ◽  
Brittany N. Semenchuk ◽  
Shaelyn M. Strachan
Keyword(s):  
Gender Role ◽  
Extrinsic Motivation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Female Adult ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Moderating Role ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Identified Regulation

Exercise is good for health and well-being, yet people experience lapses when trying to adhere to exercise. Self-compassion may help people cope with exercise lapses. Most research on self-compassion and exercise has been conducted with women; men may also benefit from self-compassion. No research has examined whether gender-role schema influences responses to exercise lapses. The authors examined both male and female adult exercisers (N = 220) who reported their self-compassion, recalled an exercise lapse, their reactions to the lapse, and their self-identification of masculinity and femininity. After controlling for self-esteem, age, and lapse importance, self-compassion negatively related to emotional responses (p < .001), rumination (p < .001), extrinsic motivation (p = .004), and positively related to intrinsic motivation (p < .001). Masculinity moderated the relationships between self-compassion and amotivation (p = .006), and identified regulation (p = .01). Self-compassion may be an effective resource for exercisers, especially those who identify as highly masculine.

Gestational age and adolescent mental health: evidence from Hong Kong's ‘Children of 1997’ birth cohort

2015 ◽  
Vol 100 (9) ◽  
pp. 856-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Wang ◽  
Gabriel M Leung ◽  
HS Lam ◽  
C Mary Schooling
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Late Preterm ◽  
Term Birth ◽  
Early Term ◽  
Health And Well Being

BackgroundPreterm, and more recently early term, birth has been identified as a risk factor for poor health. Whether the sequelae of late preterm or early term birth extends to poor mental health and well-being in adolescence is unclear and has not been systematically assessed.MethodLinear regression was used to assess the adjusted associations of gestational age (very/moderate preterm (<34 weeks, n=85), late preterm (34–36 weeks, n=305), early term (37–38 weeks, n=2228), full term (39–40 weeks, n=4018), late term (41 weeks, n=809), post-term (≥42 weeks, n=213)) with self-reported self-esteem at ∼11 years (n=6935), parent-reported Rutter score assessing the common emotional and behavioural problems at ∼7 years (n=6292) and ∼11 years (n=5596) and self-reported depressive symptoms at ∼13 years (n=5795) in a population-representative Hong Kong Chinese birth cohort ‘Children of 1997’ where gestational age has little social patterning.ResultsVery/moderate preterm birth was associated with higher Rutter subscore for hyperactivity (ß coefficients 0.5, 95% CI 0.01 to 1.00) at ∼7 years but not at ∼11 years, adjusted for sex, age, socio-economic position, parents’ age at birth, birth order and secondhand smoke exposure. Similarly adjusted, late preterm, early term, late term and post-term birth were not associated with self-esteem or depressive symptoms.ConclusionsIn a population-representative birth cohort from a non-Western-developed setting, gestational age had few associations with mental health and well-being in adolescence, whereas very preterm birth was specifically associated with hyperactivity in childhood. Inconsistencies with studies from Western settings suggest setting specific unmeasured confounding may underlie any observed associations.

Gatwick employees get passport to a slimmer and fitter life-style

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-11
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Health Program ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – Describes two health and well-being programs that are helping employees at London’s Gatwick airport to get fitter and enjoy a healthier lifestyle. Design/methodology/approach – Explores the reasons for the programs the form they take and the results they have achieved. Findings – Explains how security employees became slimmer and fitter following a 12-week health program, while the ongoing passport to health program is promoting healthier eating and lifestyles among employees. Practical implications – Advances the view that improved health and well-being in employees reduces absenteeism and improves productivity, mood and self-esteem in the workforce. Social implications – Reports that Gatwick employees feel happier, have better sleep quality, more confidence in what they can achieve and more satisfaction with exercise and leisure activities. Originality/value – Highlights how other employees could benefit from similar schemes.

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