scholarly journals Reciprocal Associations between Parenting Challenges and Parents’ Personality Development in Young and Middle Adulthood

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roos Hutteman ◽  
Wiebke Bleidorn ◽  
Gordana Keresteš ◽  
Irma Brković ◽  
Ana Butković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Emotional Stability ◽  
The Other ◽  
Newborn Baby ◽  
Middle Adulthood ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Reciprocal Associations

Having children affects many aspects of people's lives. However, it remains unclear to what degree the challenges that come along with having children are associated with parents’ personality development. We addressed this question in two studies by investigating the relationship between parenting challenges and personality development in mothers of newborns (Study 1, N = 556) and the reciprocal associations between (mastering) parenting challenges and personality development in parents of adolescents (Study 2, N = 548 mothers and 460 fathers). In Study 1, we found the stress of having a newborn baby to be associated with declines in maternal Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and Emotional Stability. Parenting challenges were also related to personality development in parents of adolescent children in Study 2, with parent–child conflict being reciprocally associated with decreases in Conscientiousness and Emotional Stability. Mastering parenting challenges in the form of high parenting self–efficacy, on the other hand, was found to be associated with increases in Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and Emotional Stability, and vice versa. In sum, our results suggest that mastering the challenges associated with the social role of parenthood is one of the mechanisms underlying personality development in young and middle adulthood. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

scholarly journals Entry barriers and “Glass Roof” in University Management in Colombia

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (65) ◽  
pp. 18-30
Author(s):  
Cristian Bedoya Dorado ◽  
Mónica García-Solarte ◽  
Juan Sebastián Peña-Zúñiga ◽  
Steven Alejandro Piñeros Buriticá
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
University Management ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Social ◽  
Management Positions ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship

Management in the context of higher education has been characterized by the predominance of male participation, mainly in senior management positions. As a result, women’s low participation is mainly concentrated in lower management positions, and their chances of escalating hierarchical positions are mediated by various factors ranging from subjective to socially naturalized. The objective of this research is to analyze the barriers women face to enter and escalate positions in university management in Colombia. Under a qualitative design, 26 semi-structured interviews were applied to university managers from different institutions of higher education in Colombia. The transcripts were analyzed using discourse analysis through three categories: individual, internal, and external barriers of the university. It was found that women face entry and promotion barriers marked by experiences, and conditions of inequality and discrimination in a male-dominated context. These barriers are conditioned by personal elements, organizational culture, and the social role of women. In addition, women’s trajectories involve mediation between professional development and family life. The study reveals experiences that contribute to understanding the research phenomenon from the webbing of senses and meanings. It is posited that the “glass ceiling” is mediated by variables in the internal order, and by the relationship between universities and their context.

scholarly journals Capitalism with a Purpose: Can Business Ethics Fight Inequality?

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1Sup1) ◽  
pp. 182-199
Author(s):  
Rosa Fioravante ◽  
Mara Del Baldo
Keyword(s):  
Business Ethics ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Current System ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Business Studies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Global Problems ◽  
The Relationship

Economic crises - such as the Great Recession of 2008 or the 2020 crisis triggered by the Covid-19 pandemic - have always represented an opportunity to address the relationship between macroeconomic variables and business and society’s reactions to them. Indeed, negative economic conjuncture, slump and stagnation, represent a challenge and may elicit the opportunity to rethink the role of business in tackling systemic global problems of the current system - such as persisting and raising inequalities and environmental unsustainability – by focusing on Business Ethics both as a theory and a practice. Accordingly, the present work aims at shedding light on the link between the systematic production of inequality within the current economic system and the opportunities for entrepreneurs and managers to significantly reduce it by engaging in business ethics practices. For this purpose, the theoretical framework proposed rests on a step “back” to the discussion of the relation between economic sphere and society, particularly when addressing the issue of value creation/extraction and a step “forward” in the discussion on the purpose of the enterprise and the social role of the entrepreneur. In doing so, three main issues will be addressed: VALUE CREATION - the role of the enterprise in value creation between capital and labour; RESPONSIBILITY - responsible vs irresponsible capitalism; SOCIAL ACTOR - the conception of the enterprise as a social rather than only and economic actor. Bridging perspectives coming from economics, business studies and economic sociology, this paper depicts a robust theoretical and conceptual framework to be used for further empirical research.

Reflections On Religion, Modernization, and Violence in the Islamic Middle East

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 293-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Kingston
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Religious Violence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Radical Islam ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The Social ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis essay examines the social role played by, and social reasons for, violence in the Islamic Middle East. In doing so, it aims to counteract a persistent tendency in the literature to igreore the complexity of the relationship between religion and violence, on the one hand, and larger issues of socio-political and economic change, on the other, in favor of a more simplistic approach that views so-called militant or radical Islam primarily as a cause of violence in the region. The essay argues that explanations of "religious" violence can never be divorced from a thorough understanding of the historical formation and present social dynamics of the various nation-states in the region.

scholarly journals TRIPLE IDENTITY IN CONFLICT: ethnography in legislative media and its possibilities

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 424-451
Author(s):  
Cristiane Brum Bernardes ◽  
Sarah Albertina Cerqueira Nunez
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
The Political ◽  
Hybrid Identity ◽  
Political Role ◽  
Public Servant ◽  
The Social ◽  
National Congress ◽  
Journalism Research ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT – This article analyzes the challenges, obstacles, and theoretical and methodological advances that the ethnography of organizations can bring to journalism research based on two studies on legislative media in the Brazilian National Congress. It discusses how the triple identity of ethnographer-journalist-public servant complicates the analysis of these media outlets, creating an environment favorable to reflexivity. Based on the assumption that such media are a privileged space to observe the relationship between the political and journalistic fields, this study concludes that the ethnography advantages are related to the possibility of perceiving and understanding the hybrid identity of the observed subjects, and the researchers themselves. The political role of actors in this context is complex and emphasized in order to further the understanding of the social role of journalism.RESUMO – Este estudo analisa desafios, obstáculos e avanços teóricos e metodológicos que a perspectiva da etnografia das organizações pode trazer à pesquisa em jornalismo, com base em duas análises das mídias legislativas do Congresso Nacional. Discute-se como a tripla identidade de etnógrafa-jornalistaservidora pública complexifica as análises sobre esses veículos, criando um ambiente favorável à reflexividade. Partindo do pressuposto de que tais mídias são um espaço privilegiado para observar a relação entre os campos político e jornalístico, o estudo conclui que os ganhos da etnografia estão relacionados à possibilidade de perceber e compreender a identidade híbrida dos sujeitos observados, e do próprio pesquisador. No contexto estudado, o papel político dos atores é complexificado e colocado em evidência, o que amplia a compreensão do papel social do jornalismo.RESUMEN – Este estudio aborda desafíos, obstáculos y avances teóricos y metodológicos que la perspectiva de la etnografía de las organizaciones puede aportar a la investigación en periodismo, a partir de dos análisis de los medios legislativos del Congreso Nacional brasileño. Se discute cómo la triple identidad de etnógrafo-periodista-servidor público compleja el análisis de estos vehículos, creando un ambiente favorable a la reflexividad. Partiendo del supuesto de que dichos medios son un espacio privilegiado para observar la relación entre los campos político y periodístico, el estudio concluye que las ganancias de la etnografía están relacionadas con la posibilidad de percibir y comprender la identidad híbrida de los sujetos observados y del propio investigador. En el contexto estudiado, se compleja y resalta el rol político de los actores, lo que amplía la comprensión de la función social del periodismo.

The Teacher of Germany

2019 ◽  
pp. 19-45
Author(s):  
Tobias Boes
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Social

This chapter reflects on Thomas Mann's representative aspirations as the leading voice of the “other Germany.” It shows how his copious and often agonized reflections concerning his representative status reveal that he was intensely attuned to the social flux around him. And his later career in America demonstrates that he ultimately owed his fame to his ability not to resist, but rather to respond to, unprecedented historical conditions. Whatever else it might have been, Nazism was a powerful manifestation of modernity. In successfully positing himself as its antipode, Mann was not expressing blind obeisance to tradition but rather engaging in a dialectical dance that transformed the social role of the author into something that it had never been before.

scholarly journals Language Strategies in Legal Reasoning of Judgments: an Engagement-Adaptation Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Wenxiu Song
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Legal Reasoning ◽  
Appraisal Theory ◽  
Adaptation Theory ◽  
The Social ◽  
Language Strategies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Engagement System ◽  
Adaptation Model

Legal reasoning, as the core of the judgment, has always been the focus of legal community. While in fact, the reasoning of judgment is not only related to knowledge of jurisprudence but also associates closely with the use of language strategies and thus deserves the attention of linguistic scholars. This study attempts to explore the language strategies underlying the legal reasoning of judgment based on engagement system of appraisal theory and adaptation theory. Through analyzing the legal reasoning of ten American judgments, it is found that substantial engagement resources are employed in the reasoning, among which Attribute occurs most frequently, followed by Deny, Entertain, Counter, Endorse, and Pronounce is the least favored resource in the legal reasoning of judgments, which is the result of the adaptation to the social role of the judges, the relationship between power and equality in court, as well as the expected psychology of the audience of the judgments.

scholarly journals FUNÇÃO SOCIAL DO CONTRATO: UMA ANÁLISE LÓGICO-EMPÍRICA / SOCIAL ROLE OF THE CONTRACT: A LOGIC-EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Julio Cesar De Aguiar ◽  
Leandro Oliveira Gobbo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Social Role ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Contract Law ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Analysis Of Law ◽  
Social Objective ◽  
The Social

Trata-se de um estudo do significado da função social do contrato, assim entendido como a determinação da extensão da intervenção estatal em contratos privados, bem como o objetivo do próprio direito dos contratos. O estudo propõe que existem apenas duas possíveis definições da função social do contrato; uma econômica, de geração de cooperação, e outra política, de distribuição. Sugere ainda que a distinção é relevante na medida em que serve para identificar a maneira mais eficiente para que a lei alcance os objetivos buscados, sejam eles distributivos ou de cooperação. PALAVRAS-CHAVEAnálise econômica do direito. Direito dos contratos. Função social do contrato.  ABSTRACTThis is a study of the meaning of the social role of the contract, understood as determining the extent of the state intervention in private contracts, as well as the goal of contract law itself. The study suggests that there are only two possible definitions of the social objective of the contract; one economic, to generate cooperation, and the other political, related to distribution. It also suggests that the distinction is relevant in that it serves to identify how the law can, more efficiently, reach the goals it seeks, whether they are distributive or cooperative. KEYWORDSContract law. Economic analysis of law. Social role of contracts.

scholarly journals Low Altruism as a Cause of Ostracism

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lianqiong Huang ◽  
Yingge Zhu ◽  
Denghao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Social ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

This study focused on the causes of ostracism and explored the relationship between altruistic personality traits and ostracism. Using a combination of questionnaire surveys and laboratory experiments, results showed that: individuals with lower altruism were more vulnerable to be ostracized than those with higher altruism (Study 1 and Study 2). The relationship between altruism and ostracism was partially mediated by social responsibility (Study 3). When facing a low-altruistic target, the source would infer that the social responsibility level of this target was also low, thereby leading the ostracism intention to the target. Empathy did not moderate the relationship between altruism and ostracism. On the one hand, empathy did not moderate the direct effect of altruism on ostracism (Study 2); on the other hand, it also did not moderate the mediating role of social responsibility (Study 3). The strengths and limitations of this research are also discussed.

Worked as a Huckster

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Wuthnow
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Urban Economy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Retail Markets ◽  
The Social ◽  
Farm Produce ◽  
The Many

This chapter focuses on hucksters who peddled farm produce in towns, brought town goods to farms, in the nineteenth century. The social role of the huckster offers an exceptional opportunity to probe the moral ambiguities of American culture as the nation transitioned from an agrarian to an urban economy. In simplest terms, hucksters occupied a liminal space that was neither fully rural nor fully urban, connecting the two as they passed goods from one to the other. They served as a significant commercial link antecedent to the establishment of large-scale wholesale and retail markets. As important as this role was economically, its cultural significance was equally important. By their own account and in the many accounts that contemporaries gave of them, hucksters transgressed familiar occupational and spatial categories and in so doing dramatized both in negation and in affirmation the shifting meaning of those categories.

scholarly journals Seeds of revolt. Intergenerational relationships in rural KwaZulu, South Africa

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (43) ◽  
pp. 355-374
Author(s):  
Alex Vailati
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Intergenerational Relationships ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Male Youth ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Period ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe social role of youth, in the last twenty years, has become a key point of the political agenda of many African nations. In South Africa, the consequences of segregationist politics, market economy and migrations have profoundly shaped the social and cultural role of youth, both in urban and rural contexts. Moreover, the end of apartheid has opened a new period of wide transformation. Based on my ethnographic research in KwaMashabane, a rural region of South Africa, this article analyses how the social role of male youth is shaped by national state policy and by local dynamics. I will focus on the relationship between models of adulthood, and the strategies that youth adopt to cope with conflicts and continuities. This analysis will show how post-apartheid freedom and the constraints of the local social structure are negotiated, and how society is coping with the complex relationships between cultural reproduction and social change.

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