An Inkblot for the Implicit Assessment of Personality: The Semantic Misattribution Procedure

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 613-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florin A. Sava ◽  
LaurenΤiu P. MaricuΤoiu ◽  
Silvia Rusu ◽  
Irina Macsinga ◽  
Delia Vîrgă ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Implicit Measures ◽  
Big Five Model ◽  
Priming Paradigm ◽  
Implicit Personality ◽  
Implicit Assessment ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
Explicit Measures

Misattributions people make about their own reaction to ambiguous stimuli can be used to measure personality self–concepts implicitly. On the basis of a semantic misattribution priming paradigm [semantic misattribution procedure (SMP)], we assessed the implicit personality self–concept related to three dimensions included in the Big–Five model: conscientiousness, neuroticism, and extraversion. Across three studies (N1 = 98, N2 = 140, and N3 = 135), the SMP was robustly related, in the expected direction, to individual differences in self–reported personality questionnaires and managed to predict both self–reported and objectively measured behaviours. The main advantage of SMP over classical explicit measures of personality is its higher resistance to social desirability tendencies, although its psychometric properties are somewhat lower than those pertaining to explicit measures of personality. Finally, comparisons of our results with studies that used other implicit measures of personality self–concept indicate that the SMP has higher criterion validity. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

A Latent State-Trait Analysis of Implicit and Explicit Personality Measures

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan C. Schmukle ◽  
Boris Egloff
Keyword(s):  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Personality Measures ◽  
Implicit Measures ◽  
Trait Analysis ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Implicit Personality ◽  
Implicit Assessment ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
Explicit Measures

Abstract. Explicit personality measures assess introspectively accessible self-descriptions. In contrast, implicit personality measures assess introspectively inaccessible processes that operate outside awareness. However, for both kinds of trait measures, the effect of the situation in which the assessment takes place should be as small as possible. The present study aims at quantifying possible systematic occasion-specific effects on implicit measures (Implicit Association Test) and explicit measures (self-report ratings) of extraversion and anxiety by means of a latent state-trait analysis. This analysis revealed that - as desired for personality assessment - all four measures capture mostly stable interindividual differences. Nevertheless, occasion-specific effects were also observed. These effects were (1) more pronounced for implicit than for explicit measures and (2) more pronounced for anxiety than for extraversion. Implications for the implicit assessment of personality traits are discussed.

Sequential Stereotype Priming: A Meta-Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciara K. Kidder ◽  
Katherine R. White ◽  
Michelle R. Hinojos ◽  
Mayra Sandoval ◽  
Stephen L. Crites
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Implicit Measures ◽  
Methodological Rigor ◽  
Priming Paradigm ◽  
Type Data ◽  
Onset Asynchrony ◽  
Stereotype Priming ◽  
Explicit Measures

Psychological interest in stereotype measurement has spanned nearly a century, with researchers adopting implicit measures in the 1980s to complement explicit measures. One of the most frequently used implicit measures of stereotypes is the sequential priming paradigm. The current meta-analysis examines stereotype priming, focusing specifically on this paradigm. To contribute to ongoing discussions regarding methodological rigor in social psychology, one primary goal was to identify methodological moderators of the stereotype priming effect—whether priming is due to a relation between the prime and target stimuli, the prime and target response, participant task, stereotype dimension, stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA), and stimuli type. Data from 39 studies yielded 87 individual effect sizes from 5,497 participants. Analyses revealed that stereotype priming is significantly moderated by the presence of prime–response relations, participant task, stereotype dimension, target stimulus type, SOA, and prime repetition. These results carry both practical and theoretical implications for future research on stereotype priming.

Predicting Spontaneous Big Five Behavior with Implicit Association Tests

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie C. Steffens ◽  
Stefanie Schulze König
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Implicit Measures ◽  
Association Tests ◽  
Spontaneous Behavior ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
Explicit Measures

According to theories brought forward recently, implicit measures based on reaction times, for instance Implicit Association Tests (IATs), should predict spontaneous behavior better than explicit measures. We applied five IATs to the measurement of the Big Five personality factors and tested whether the IATs predicted spontaneous behavior. The results show that, although implicit and explicit measures of personality dimensions were related at times, the correlations between them and with behavior suggest that these constructs should be differentiated. IATs predicted spontaneous behavior, but explicit measures did not. In contrast, explicit measures, but not IATs, were related to transparent self-ratings of behavior.

scholarly journals The Big-Five-Personality and Academic Self-Concept in Gifted and Non-Gifted Students: A Systematic Review of Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 649
Author(s):  
Colin Peperkorn ◽  
Claas Wegner
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Gifted Students ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Current State ◽  
Big Five Model ◽  
Valid Data ◽  
Training Courses ◽  
State Of Research

Gifted students provide interesting opportunities for careers in all professional areas. To benefit from that chance, the promotion of gifted students moves more and more into focus of educational research and becomes an important facet of today’s teachers’ professional competencies. To meet these requirements, teacher training courses must be offered which are based on current state of research. This article presents a systematic literature review which investigates the current research state regarding quantitative studies of gifted students’ personality and self-concept. To assess a comparable state of research about the personality of gifted students the Big-Five model of personality was considered as a criterion for admission. A total of 40 quantitative studies was included. Results for personality of gifted students show that there are only a few studies which deliver comparable and valid data. Gifted students’ academic self-concept seems well researched, but indications of a multilayered subject specific academic self-concept receive little attention. Recommendations include a higher focus on students gifted in specific subjects, to find valid implications for their individual promotion.

On the Validity of Idiographic and Generic Self–Concept Implicit Association Tests: A Core–Concept Model

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 515-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Bluemke ◽  
Malte Friese
Keyword(s):  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Implicit Measures ◽  
Core Concept ◽  
Association Tests ◽  
Concept Model ◽  
Self Assessments ◽  
Explicit Measures ◽  
Core Features

We present a core–concept model (CCM) suggesting that stimulus centrality is an important factor in category representations in implicit measures. We tested the hypothesis that idiographic stimuli (first name, birthday) are more central and therefore assess self–concept in Implicit Association Tests (IATs) more validly than generic and nonspecific stimuli (me, you). Superior validity of the idiographic variant emerged across three different domains of self–concept. First, an idiographic self–esteem IAT displayed higher correlations than a generic IAT with self–assessments and observer–assessments of self–esteem. Second, an idiographic body scheme–IAT predicted subjective ratings of body image and objective body–mass index. Third, an idiographic aggressiveness–IAT had higher incremental validity for unprovoked aggression when interacting with explicit measures of aggressiveness. We conclude that idiographic stimuli focus participants’ attention on the core features of the self, hence, tapping into self–related associations to a stronger degree than generic stimuli. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Relationship between big five personality model and abusive supervision

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bibi Tahira ◽  
Naveed Saif ◽  
Muhammad Haroon ◽  
Sadaqat Ali
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Abusive Supervision ◽  
State Universities ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Big Five Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
Supervisor Behavior ◽  
Moderating Role

The current study tries to understand the diverse nature of relationship between personality Big Five Model (PBFM) and student's perception of abusive supervision in higher education institutions of Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa Pakistan. Data was collected in dyads i.e. (supervisors were asked to rate their personality attributes while student were asked to rate the supervisor behavior) through adopted construct. For this purpose, data was collected from three government state universities and one Private Sector University. The focus was on MS/M.Phill and PhD student and their supervisors of the mentioned universities. After measuring normality and validity regression analysis was conducted to assess the impact of supervisor personality characteristics that leads to abusive supervision. Findings indicate interestingly that except agreeableness other four attributes of (PBFM) are play their role for abusive supervision. The results are novel in the nature as for the first time Neuroticism, openness to experience, extraversion and conscientiousness are held responsible for the abusive supervision. The study did not explore the demographic characteristics, and moderating role of organizational culture, justice and interpersonal deviances to understand the strength of relationship in more detail way. Keywords: Personality big five model, abusive supervision, HEIs

How tasty is governance? Understanding the effect of a “cooperative” label on perceived taste of food products

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-44
Author(s):  
Axelle Faure-Ferlet ◽  
Sonia Capelli ◽  
William Sabadie
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Process ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Association Test ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
Implicit Measures ◽  
Explicit Measures ◽  
Cooperative Governance

This research investigates whether a label on cooperative governance influences the perceived taste of a product through a sensation transfer process. The first study measures perceived taste of unbranded products implicitly (via an Implicit Association Test) and explicitly (via a survey). The label improves the implicitly and explicitly perceived taste. The second study, reproducing the same protocols with branded products, confirms this result for implicitly perceived taste, but the effect of the label on explicitly perceived taste disappears. Because implicit measures are more predictive of routine purchasing than are explicit measures, we recommend spotlighting cooperative governance on food products.

Why Some Students Adjust Easily While Others Can Not? Stress and Adjustment to University: Personality as Moderator

2021 ◽  
pp. 152102512110021
Author(s):  
Ayşe I. Kural ◽  
Berrin Özyurt
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Predictive Utility ◽  
Negative Valence ◽  
Big Five Model ◽  
University Adjustment ◽  
Moderating Role

Research has demonstrated consistently that personality and perceived stress, independently, are essential factors for university adjustment among university freshmen; however, little is known about the associations between personality, perceived stress, and adjustment together. Our primary goal was to explore the predictive utility of perceived stress for explaining university adjustment among university freshmen ( N = 290). We also tested the moderating role of personality traits and this research was embedded within a Big Five model of personality including the sixth trait for Turkish context, ‘Negative Valence’. Results addressed that only conscientiousness and negative valence moderated the perceived stress and adjustment association. Students high on negative valence and/or conscientiousness tended to experience the detrimental effect of perceived stress on university adjustment more due to their personality. These results suggested that personality might be an important factor to include in adjustment fostering interventions for freshmen at universities.

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