Personality and Information Processing: We Are What We Encode

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Mathews
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Personality Differences ◽  
Processing Styles ◽  
Individual Variations ◽  
Nature Of Information ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
Role Of Information

This commentary addresses several questions raised by the papers in this special issue: about the nature of information processing methods in the study of personality, the degree to which processing biases are specific to certain types of information, the causal relationship between processing styles and personality, and the extent to which individual variations of information processing are automatic or can be controlled. The implications of the findings described in the papers published in this special issue for each of these questions are discussed, leading to some tentative suggestions for future research into the role of information processing as a contributory cause of personality differences. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Gender differences in information processing and transparency: cases of apparel brands’ social responsibility claims

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 504-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gargi Bhaduri ◽  
Jung Ha-Brookshire
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Information Transparency ◽  
Processing Styles ◽  
Female Consumers ◽  
Image Building ◽  
Made In Usa ◽  
Role Of Information ◽  
Made In

Purpose – The purpose of this study was to understand how male and female consumers differently evaluate sustainability claims from brands and how brands’ sustainability efforts and the presence/absence of information transparency in the claims affect their brand schemas differently. Design/methodology/approach – Five hundred participants were recruited for an online experiment implementing both treatment and message variance. PROCESS, a recently developed regression-based bootstrapping technique was used to test the hypotheses. Findings – Males were more likely than females to rely on their existing schemas for judgment in case of Made in USA but not Fair Labor claims. The presence of information transparency in claims reduced participants’ reliance on their schemas. Practical implications – The findings might be helpful for brands to design marketing claims with specific customer segments to stand out amidst advertisement clutter. Especially, brands targeting male consumers might try to build strong brand schemas starting the early stages of brand image building as males tend to consistently rely on their schemas for judgment. On the other hand, brands might benefit from providing transparent information about their sustainability efforts in their claims (especially those related to Made in USA) while targeting female consumers. However, irrespective of gender, brands might benefit from making claims with information transparency. Originality/value – This study investigated the influence of gender in evaluation of brands’ sustainability claims and the role of information transparency in the process, thereby filling a gap in literature. It is one of the very few studies to empirically investigate not only whether males and females are different in their information processing styles but also how such differences arise.

scholarly journals A group processes approach to antiscience beliefs and endorsement of “alternative facts”

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 513-517
Author(s):  
Bastiaan T. Rutjens ◽  
Sander van der Linden ◽  
Romy van der Lee ◽  
Natalia Zarzeczna
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Group Processes ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Psychological Study ◽  
Alternative Facts ◽  
Intragroup Processes ◽  
Group Identities

The global spread of antiscience beliefs, misinformation, fake news, and conspiracy theories is posing a threat to the well-being of individuals and societies worldwide. Accordingly, research on why people increasingly doubt science and endorse “alternative facts” is flourishing. Much of this work has focused on identifying cognitive biases and individual differences. Importantly, however, the reasons that lead people to question mainstream scientific findings and share misinformation are also inherently tied to social processes that emerge out of divisive commitments to group identities and worldviews. In this special issue, we focus on the important and thus far neglected role of group processes in motivating science skepticism. The articles that feature in this special issue cover three core areas: the group-based roots of antiscience attitudes; the intergroup dynamics between science and conspiratorial thinking; and finally, insights about science denial related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Across all articles, we highlight the role of worldviews, identities, norms, religion, and other inter- and intragroup processes that shape antiscientific attitudes. We hope that this collection will inspire future research endeavors that take a group processes approach to the social psychological study of science skepticism.

EXPRESS: The Future of Marketing Analytics and Public Policy

2021 ◽  
pp. 074391562110423
Author(s):  
Brennan Davis ◽  
Dhruv Grewal ◽  
Steve Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Social Media Analytics ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Marketing Analytics ◽  
Future Of Marketing ◽  
And Robotics

The purpose of this special issue is to encourage the emerging role of analytics in marketing and public policy research. We draw attention to a multitude of comprehensive data sources and analytical techniques that tackle important public policy and marketing issues. We highlight six key domains that provide fruitful avenues for such pursuit: retail analytics, social media analytics, marketing mix analytics, services including healthcare, nonprofits and politics, and artificial intelligence and robotics. We also offer an overview of the various articles and commentaries that are included in this special issue, and we encourage future research building on the underlying analytics approaches, substantive findings, and theoretical discoveries.

Introduction to Special Issue Financial and life instability: Obstacles to and opportunities for emerging adult development and future well-being

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 439-442
Author(s):  
Margherita Lanz ◽  
Joyce Serido
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Adult Development ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Financial Instability ◽  
Special Issue

Current global economic instability has exacerbated the challenges of contemporary emerging adulthood and increased the urgency of examining financial instability as a life condition during this life stage. For this special issue, we assembled eight papers from different countries to examine how emerging adults are navigating financial instability. In the current introduction to the special issue, we identified the main themes that emerged from the collected studies: the role of family, emerging adults’ financial self-agency, financial disruptions and wellbeing, and the processes linking financial factors and positive development. Overall, these studies demonstrate that while the overall processes linking finances and development may be similar in different nations, the specificity of each context highlights the need to consider the important role of cultural norms and attitudes. We conclude this introduction, suggesting future research paths and implications for educators and practitioners that provide financial educators programs.

Hierarchical Organization as a Facilitator of Information Management in Human Collaboration

2009 ◽  
pp. 44-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Ahmed Nagaty
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Information Management ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Hierarchical Organization ◽  
Team Collaboration ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Role Of Information

The purpose of this chapter is to discuss the relationship between three entities: hierarchical organization, information management and human collaboration. This relationship is composed of two parts: the first part is the relationship between the hierarchical organization and information management where the role of the hierarchical organization to facilitate the information management processes is discussed. The second part is the relationship between information management and human collaboration where the role of information management to improve human collaboration in problem solving is discussed. The information management processes are illustrated through an information management life cycle model. This model has three major stages: active, semi-active and inactive stages and has three major phases: creation, searching and utilization phases. The creation phase includes: information creation and using, information authoring and modifying and information organization and indexing. The searching phase includes: information storage and retrieving and information exchange. The utilization phase includes: information accessing and filtering processes. The arguments about the role of hierarchical organization in information management and human collaboration are also discussed. The author showed that the hierarchical organization acts as a facilitator for common information management processes which are required in team collaboration such as: information gathering, organization, retrieving, filtering, exchange, integration or fusion, display and visualization. Human collaboration models are discussed with emphasis on the team collaboration structural model which has four unique but interdependent stages of team collaboration. These stages are: team knowledge construction, collaborative team problem solving, team consensus, and product evaluation and revision. Each stage has four levels: meta-cognition process which guides the overall problem solving process, the information processing tasks which is required by the team to complete each collaboration stage, the knowledge required to support the information processing tasks and the communication mechanisms for knowledge building and information processing. The author focused on the role of information management to improve human collaboration across the four collaboration stages of the team collaboration structural model. He showed that the hierarchical organization is more efficient for information management processes and team collaboration rather than other alternative organizations such as flat, linear and network organizations.

The Critical Role of Information Processing in Creating an Effective Knowledge Organization

2009 ◽  
pp. 1638-1651
Author(s):  
William R. King
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Knowledge Organization ◽  
Property Management ◽  
Core Knowledge ◽  
Intellectual Property Management ◽  
Knowledge Capability ◽  
Role Of Information

This article provides a conceptual framework and an architecture for an effective knowledge organization (EKO) that emphasizes the important role of information processing in facilitating the creation of a dynamic knowledge capability, which is the essence of an EKO. The architecture links core knowledge management, intellectual property management, organizational learning, and innovation modules with information processing as the hub, or linchpin. The organization’s need to distinguish among these components of an EKO is argued by comparing and contrasting the conceptual bases, objectives, processes, systems, performance measures, and culture of each module. This EKO viewpoint integrates many concepts and applications from various literatures, but it is somewhat contrary to the conventional wisdom that has tended to de-emphasize the significance of information technology in knowledge management.

The Role of Information Processing Between the Brain and Peripheral Physiological Systems in Pacing and Perception of Effort

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 705-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan St Clair Gibson ◽  
Estelle V Lambert ◽  
Laurie H G Rauch ◽  
Ross Tucker ◽  
Denise A Baden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Perception Of Effort ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Role Of Information ◽  
Physiological Systems
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