Case-crossover study design in pharmacoepidemiology: systematic review and recommendations

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 1146-1153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia P. Consiglio ◽  
Andrea M. Burden ◽  
Malcolm Maclure ◽  
Lisa McCarthy ◽  
Suzanne M. Cadarette
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Crossover Study ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Case Crossover

scholarly journals Spatial Variability of Heat-Related Mortality in Barcelona from 1992–2015: A Case Crossover Study Design

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2553
Author(s):  
Vijendra Ingole ◽  
Marc Marí-Dell’Olmo ◽  
Anna Deluca ◽  
Marcos Quijal ◽  
Carme Borrell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crossover Study ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Risk Ratio ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Natural Mortality ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Case Crossover ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Hot Days

Numerous studies have demonstrated the relationship between summer temperatures and increased heat-related deaths. Epidemiological analyses of the health effects of climate exposures usually rely on observations from the nearest weather station to assess exposure-response associations for geographically diverse populations. Urban climate models provide high-resolution spatial data that may potentially improve exposure estimates, but to date, they have not been extensively applied in epidemiological research. We investigated temperature-mortality relationships in the city of Barcelona, and whether estimates vary among districts. We considered georeferenced individual (natural) mortality data during the summer months (June–September) for the period 1992–2015. We extracted daily summer mean temperatures from a 100-m resolution simulation of the urban climate model (UrbClim). Summer hot days (above percentile 70) and reference (below percentile 30) temperatures were compared by using a conditional logistic regression model in a case crossover study design applied to all districts of Barcelona. Relative Risks (RR), and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI), of all-cause (natural) mortality and summer temperature were calculated for several population subgroups (age, sex and education level by districts). Hot days were associated with an increased risk of death (RR = 1.13; 95% CI = 1.10–1.16) and were significant in all population subgroups compared to the non-hot days. The risk ratio was higher among women (RR = 1.16; 95% CI= 1.12–1.21) and the elderly (RR = 1.18; 95% CI = 1.13–1.22). Individuals with primary education had similar risk (RR = 1.13; 95% CI = 1.08–1.18) than those without education (RR = 1.10; 95% CI= 1.05–1.15). Moreover, 6 out of 10 districts showed statistically significant associations, varying the risk ratio between 1.12 (95% CI = 1.03–1.21) in Sants-Montjuïc and 1.25 (95% CI = 1.14–1.38) in Sant Andreu. Findings identified vulnerable districts and suggested new insights to public health policy makers on how to develop district-specific strategies to reduce risks.

scholarly journals Distracted Driving and Risk of Crash or Near-Crash Involvement Among Older Drivers Using Naturalistic Driving Data With a Case-Crossover Study Design

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 550-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrie Huisingh ◽  
Cynthia Owsley ◽  
Emily B Levitan ◽  
Marguerite R Irvin ◽  
Paul MacLennan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crossover Study ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Distracted Driving ◽  
Older Drivers ◽  
Case Crossover ◽  
Naturalistic Driving

The case-crossover study design in pharmacoepidemiology

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A 'Chris' Delaney ◽  
Samy Suissa
Keyword(s):  
Crossover Study ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Case Crossover

scholarly journals Event-Specific Risk Factors Predicting Episodes of Unprotected Anal Intercourse with Male Nonregular Partners among Men Who Have Sex with Men Using Case-Crossover Study Design

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Jinghua Li ◽  
Joseph T. F. Lau ◽  
Jing Gu ◽  
Chun Hao ◽  
Coco H. Y. Lai
Keyword(s):  
Condom Use ◽  
Crossover Study ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Sexual Experience ◽  
Anal Intercourse ◽  
Unprotected Anal Intercourse ◽  
Situational Variables ◽  
Case Crossover ◽  
Environmental Setting ◽  
Sex With Men

This study investigated event-specific factors that determine episodes of unprotected and protected anal intercourse (UAI and PAI) among 215 men who have sex with men (MSM), who used condoms inconsistently with nonregular partners (NRP) in the last six months, in Hong Kong. A case-crossover study design was used. Lower likelihood of episodes involving UAI with NRP was associated with (1) five partner attributes (NRP were <35 years old, at least three previous anal sex experiences with the NRP, perception that participant and the NRP had asymmetrical sexual experience, perception that the NRP was feminine, and liking toward the NRP; OR = 0.16–0.52), (2) six situational variables (the participant having had UAI with another man in the last week, having discussed condom use, perception that the NRP liked to use condom, partner’s suggestion to have PAI, participant’s suggestion to have PAI, and participant’s plan to use condoms; OR = 0.11–0.39), and (3) four environmental/setting variables (condoms already placed at the venue, display of condom use promotion materials, participant’s possession of a condom, and the NRP possessed a condom; OR = 0.27–0.45). HIV prevention targeting MSM should focus on event-specific protective factors, which may be different from those obtained from studies distinguishing condom users versus nonusers.

P2782Specific air pollution indicators are related to recurrence of ischemic stroke-a nationwide cohort study with surveillance system by time-stratified case-crossover study design

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A H Li ◽  
C L Chan ◽  
C Y Wu
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Crossover Study ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Pollution Indicators ◽  
Case Crossover

Abstract Background and objective Ischemic stroke (IS) is the 2nd killer in Taiwan. There was no studies of air pollution indicators (API's) in nationwide database, on their relationship to IS recurrence. We aimed to analyze the IS incidences, its recurrence risk related to API's. Methods We used LHID 2005 (Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2005) from National Health Institute Research Database (NHIRD), i.e. the entire original claim data of randomly sampled 1,000,000 beneficiaries in 2005. The national API surveillance database (PM2.5, PM10, CO, SO2, NO,NO2, NOx, O3) was incorporated with it. The IS incidences was computed by obtaining 1st admission for IS (ICD9–433, 434, 435), and the recurrence was on second IS within 30 days of 1st one. To minimize the confounding effect of comorbidities, we used a time-stratified case-crossover study design, proposed by Maclure (1991), for transient effects on acute events' risk; it is characterized by that each subject serves as his or her own control according to fixed individual characteristics, such as age, gender, lifestyle, socio-economic status, genetics and physiological status, etc. The API exposure was analyzed on the re-admission date (lag0), and 1 to 6 day before re-admission (lag1, lag2 ... lag6 etc.). Results The IS recurrence-readmission is strongly associated with SO2 peak level 5 days before (lag5 – 95% CI: 1.011–1.023, p=0.004) for patients above 20. Significant association of IS recurrence with PM2.5, SO2 O3, SO2 is noted in different patient groups. Table 1. Basic demographics of ischemic stroke in Taiwan (2005–2013) Ischemic stroke N % Age, mean ± SD 68.94±12.8 Male 11832 58% Other forms of chronic ischemic heart disease (ICD9–414) 1496 7% Diabetes mellitus (ICD9–250) 6679 32% Essential hypertension (ICD9–401) 9038 44% Disorders of lipoid metabolism (ICD9–272) 4142 20% Heart failure (ICD9–428) 670 3% Hypertensive heart disease (ICD9–402) 2333 11% Figure 1. Hazard Ratio of specific API's in IS (only shown with statistical significance): those left to line 1.0 with protective effect and vice versa (20–45, 46–64 and 65 above representative meaning for age range). Conclusion Specific API's are strongly associated with IS recurrence. We need a prospective cohort study designed on this topic.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document