scholarly journals An ST2-dependent role of bone marrow-derived group 2 innate lymphoid cells in pulmonary fibrosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 245 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuyue Zhao ◽  
Francina Gonzalez De Los Santos ◽  
Zhe Wu ◽  
Tianju Liu ◽  
Sem H Phan
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Group 2

scholarly journals Effects of BMP7 produced by group 2 innate lymphoid cells on adipogenesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 407-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yurina Miyajima ◽  
Kafi N Ealey ◽  
Yasutaka Motomura ◽  
Miho Mochizuki ◽  
Natsuki Takeno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Adipocyte Differentiation ◽  
Allergic Inflammation ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Brown Adipocytes ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Group 2

Abstract Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are type 2 cytokine-producing cells that have important roles in helminth infection and allergic inflammation. ILC2s are tissue-resident cells, and their phenotypes and roles are regulated by tissue-specific environmental factors. While the role of ILC2s in the lung, intestine and bone marrow has been elucidated in many studies, their role in adipose tissues is still unclear. Here, we report on the role of ILC2-derived bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7) in adipocyte differentiation and lipid accumulation. Co-culture of fat-derived ILC2s with pluripotent mesenchymal C3H10T1/2 cells and committed white preadipocyte 3T3-L1 cells resulted in their differentiation to adipocytes and induced lipid accumulation. Co-culture experiments using BMP7-deficient ILC2s revealed that BMP7, produced by ILC2s, induces differentiation into brown adipocytes. Our results demonstrate that BMP7, produced by ILC2s, affects adipocyte differentiation, particularly in brown adipocytes.

The Role of the TL1A/DR3 Axis in the Activation of Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells in Subjects with Eosinophilic Asthma

2020 ◽  
Vol 202 (8) ◽  
pp. 1105-1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kentaro Machida ◽  
Michael Aw ◽  
Brittany M. A. Salter ◽  
Xiaotian Ju ◽  
Manali Mukherjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Eosinophilic Asthma ◽  
Group 2

scholarly journals The Role of TOX in the Development of Innate Lymphoid Cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey R. Seehus ◽  
Jonathan Kaye
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Lymphoid Cell ◽  
Adaptive Immune System ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cell

TOX, an evolutionarily conserved member of the HMG-box family of proteins, is essential for the development of various cells of both the innate and adaptive immune system. TOX is required for the development of CD4+T lineage cells in the thymus, including natural killer T and T regulatory cells, as well as development of natural killer cells and fetal lymphoid tissue inducer cells, the latter required for lymph node organogenesis. Recently, we have identified a broader role for TOX in the innate immune system, demonstrating that this nuclear protein is required for generation of bone marrow progenitors that have potential to give rise to all innate lymphoid cells. Innate lymphoid cells, classified according to transcription factor expression and cytokine secretion profiles, derive from common lymphoid progenitors in the bone marrow and require Notch signals for their development. We discuss here the role of TOX in specifying CLP toward an innate lymphoid cell fate and hypothesize a possible role for TOX in regulating Notch gene targets during innate lymphoid cell development.

scholarly journals The Intestine-lung Trafficking of Memory-like Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells Orchestrates Asthma Relapse

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaifan Bao ◽  
Yijing Zhou ◽  
Yanyan Chen ◽  
Meiling Wang ◽  
Weiyuan Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Immune Memory ◽  
Circulating Cells ◽  
Adaptive Immune Cells ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Molecular Bases

Background: Recent works imply that immune memory might be expanded to group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), but the cellular and molecular bases are largely unknown. Here, we investigated the memory and migrating properties of Lin KLRG1 IL-17RB ILC2s (herein referred as mILC2s) and their contribution to asthma relapse. Methods: Clinical asthmatic subjects and HDM-induced mice asthma models were applied to investigate the memory-like characteristics of mILC2s including greater effector cytokine-producing potential and in vivo persistence. Parabiosis pairs of CD45.1 and CD45.2 mice were employed to determine whether mILC2s were circulating cells. Adoptive transplantation was performed to analyze the origin of the mILC2s accumulated in airway upon asthma relapse. CCR9 and S1P signaling blockade were used to confirm the migration of mILC2s during different asthma phases by In vivo imaging. KLRG1 neutralization was utilized to analyze the role of mILC2s in asthma relapse on Rag1 mice. Results: mILC2s persisted in vivo and retained the potency of producing IL-13 and re-inducing allergic responses. Critically, parabiosis study and in vivo imaging showed that the vast majority of mILC2s migrated to and resided in small intestine during asthma remission, and subsequently moved to airway upon re-encountering antigens, regulated by CCR9 and S1P signaling. Blockade of S1P signaling markedly limited secondary exposure-induced airway inflammation. Furthermore, KLRG1 neutralization attenuated asthmatic responses of Rag1 mice, supporting a pivotal role for mILC2s in mediating asthma relapse independent of adaptive immune cells. Conclusion: mILC2s exhibit memory-like and lung-small intestine migratory properties, which empowers them to drive asthma relapse.

scholarly journals The discovery of group 2 innate lymphoid cells has changed the concept of type 2 immune diseases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuro Kobayashi ◽  
Yasutaka Motomura ◽  
Kazuyo Moro
Keyword(s):  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Biological Responses ◽  
Type 2 Immune Response ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Primary Focus

Abstract Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), discovered in 2010, have been recognized as immune cells with unique functions and their involvement in various diseases has been clarified. Before 2010, the antigen-specific response was a primary focus of immunology research, and immune responses were considered almost equivalent to biological responses to foreign antigens. However, with the emergence of ILC2s, the importance of ‘antigen-independent responses’ was confirmed, and this concept has permeated basic and clinical research as well as drug development. When ILC2s were discovered, their function in the acute phase of diseases garnered attention because of their rapid and potent type 2 immune response. However, several studies have revealed that the main role of ILC2s is more closely related to the chronicity of diseases, such as allergy and fibrosis, than to the induction of diseases. In this review, we discuss how ILC2 research has affected the concept of ‘Taishitsu’, a Japanese term describing the overall nature of an individual as determined by the interaction of genetic and acquired predisposition.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Potential of Innate Lymphoid Cells for Multiple Myeloma Therapy

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 4806
Author(s):  
Aneta Szudy-Szczyrek ◽  
Sean Ahern ◽  
Magdalena Kozioł ◽  
Daria Majowicz ◽  
Michał Szczyrek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Antitumour Activity ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a recently identified family of lymphocyte-like cells lacking a specific antigen receptor. They are part of the innate immune system. They play a key role in tissue homeostasis and also control inflammatory and neoplastic processes. In response to environmental stimuli, ILCs change their phenotype and functions, and influence the activity of other cells in the microenvironment. ILC dysfunction can lead to a wide variety of diseases, including cancer. ILC can be divided into three subgroups: ILC Group 1, comprising NK cells and ILC1; Group 2, including ILC2 alone; and Group 3, containing Lymphoid Tissue inducers (LTi) and ILC3 cells. While Group 1 ILCs mainly exert antitumour activity, Group 2 and Group 3 ILCs are protumorigenic in nature. A growing body of preclinical and clinical data support the role of ILCs in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma (MM). Therefore, targeting ILCs may be of clinical benefit. In this manuscript, we review the available data on the role of ILCs in MM immunology and therapy.

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