Time to Move on From Measuring Chlorine Residuals With Outdated Methods

Opflow ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 6-7
Author(s):  
Steve Deem ◽  
Nancy Feagin ◽  
Krista Chavez
Keyword(s):  
Chlorine Residuals

Nitrate and chloride formation in chloramination

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
V. Diyamandoglu
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Kinetic Data ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Mass Balances ◽  
Time Profiles ◽  
Slow Decay ◽  
Concentration Time ◽  
End Products ◽  
Chlorine Residuals

The formation of nitrate and chloride as end-products of chloramination (combined chlorination) was investigated at pH ranging between 6.9 and 9.6 at 25°C. The experimental results comprised concentration-time profiles of combined chlorine residuals along with nitrate and chloride. Nitrite, if present, was always below the detectibility limit of the analytical method used (25 ppb). Mass balances on chlorine species depicted that chloride formed during the slow decay of combined chlorine residuals does not account for all the chlorine lost. This substantiates the formation of other reaction end-products which are yet to be identified. A kinetic model for chloramination is proposed based on the kinetic data obtained in this study.

Detection and Estimation of Free and Combined Chlorine Residuals

1951 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 1881-1882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isadore Nusbaum ◽  
Peter Skupeko
Keyword(s):  
Detection And Estimation ◽  
Chlorine Residuals

Removal Efficiencies of Indicator Micro-Organisms in Sewage Treatment Plants

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Omura ◽  
M. Onuma ◽  
J. Aizawa ◽  
T. Umita ◽  
T. Yagi
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Trickling Filter ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
Chlorine Residuals

The removal of coliform bacteria, enterococcus bacteria, and coliphages in two sewage treatment plants, one using the activated sludge process and the other using a high-rate trickling filter, was investigated over a period of one year. Coliform and enterococcus bacteria were removed with equal efficiency by the two plants, but coliphages were removed more efficiently by the activated sludge process. Experiments on the mechanism of removal revealed that it was mainly due to adsorption on the activated sludge and on the slime in the trickling filter. Die-off of the micro-organisms seemed to play a minor role in the reduction in counts. The treated sewage was disinfected by chlorination prior to discharge into the receiving water. No coliforms were detected in the chlorinated effluents when they had chlorine residuals in the range of 0 to 1.521 mg/l. However, enterococci were detected when chlorine residuals dropped below 0.598 mg/l. Coliphages proved to be the most resistant organisms and they were generally detected throughout the range of chlorine residuals encountered.

Value and Limitations of Chlorine Residuals in Distribution Systems

1959 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry A. Faber ◽  
John R. Baylis ◽  
Nicholas H. Kuehn ◽  
Marshall P. Crabill ◽  
Elwood J. Umbenhauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Chlorine Residuals

scholarly journals Chlorine residuals and haloacetic acid reduction in rapid sand filtration

Chemosphere ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 85 (7) ◽  
pp. 1146-1153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Hsueh Chuang ◽  
Gen-Shuch Wang ◽  
Hsin-hsin Tung
Keyword(s):  
Sand Filtration ◽  
Haloacetic Acid ◽  
Acid Reduction ◽  
Rapid Sand Filtration ◽  
Chlorine Residuals

scholarly journals A STUDY ON SIMULATION MODEL FOR THE CHLORINE RESIDUALS DECREASE IN RECEIVING TANK WITH UNSTEADY INFLOW AND OUTFLOW

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. III_17-III_23
Author(s):  
Toyono INAKAZU ◽  
Takashi HARADA ◽  
Takaharu KUNIZANE ◽  
Akira KOIZUMI ◽  
Kiwami MATSUNAGA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Unsteady Inflow ◽  
Chlorine Residuals
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document