scholarly journals Human Milk Oligosaccharides and Hispanic Infant Weight Gain in the First 6 Months

Obesity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 1519-1525
Author(s):  
Paige K. Berger ◽  
Jasmine F. Plows ◽  
Roshonda B. Jones ◽  
Tanya L. Alderete ◽  
Chloe Yonemitsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Human Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Infant Weight Gain

scholarly journals Human Milk Oligosaccharides and Infant Weight in the First 6 Months of Life (P11-053-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paige Berger ◽  
Jasmine Plows ◽  
Roshonda Jones ◽  
Tanya Alderete ◽  
Chloe Yonemitsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Human Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Secretor Status ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Milk Components ◽  
Infant Weight Gain

Abstract Objectives The effects of breastfeeding on reduced risk of obesity are inconclusive, although smaller studies suggest that specific human milk components may be relevant to infant weight gain. The primary aim of this study was to determine whether individual human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) in the first month of life are associated with infant weight in the first 6 months of life. A secondary aim was to assess associations separately by HMO secretor status. Methods Participants were 156 Hispanic mother-infant pairs. Breast milk was collected at 1 month. HMO composition was analyzed using high-pressure liquid chromatography, and HMO secretor status was determined by the presence or near absence of 2’-fucosyllactose or lacto-N-fucopentaose (LNFP) I. Infant weight was measured at 1 and 6 months, and infant weight-for-age z scores (WAZ) and WAZ changes were calculated. Multiple linear regressions were used to examine the effect of HMO composition on WAZ, adjusting for maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, infant age, sex, and birth weight. Results In the total sample, HMO composition at 1 month was not significantly associated with WAZ at 1 month. In the total sample, higher LNFPII at 1 month predicted lower WAZ gain (β = –0.27, P = 0.01) and lower WAZ status (β = –0.26, P = 0.01) at 6 months. In infants of secretor mothers, higher LNFPII at 1 month predicted lower WAZ gain at 6 months (β = –0.23, P = 0.02); in infants of non-secretor mothers, LNFPII at 1 month predicted lower WAZ status at 6 months (β = –0.40, P = 0.03). Similar significant associations were observed when infant weight replaced WAZ in the models. No other HMOs were significantly related to infant WAZ or weight. Conclusions Our data suggest that greater exposure to LNFPII in the first month of life may be protective against rapid infant weight gain in the first 6 months, regardless of HMO secretor status. These findings provide additional evidence that specific human milk components may diminish infant obesity risk. Funding Sources Supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIH R01 DK110793) and the Gerber Foundation.

scholarly journals Maternal and Infant Factors Associated with Human Milk Oligosaccharides Concentrations According to Secretor and Lewis Phenotypes

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina M. Tonon ◽  
Mauro B. de Morais ◽  
Ana Cristina F. V. Abrão ◽  
Antonio Miranda ◽  
Tania B. Morais
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Allergic Disease ◽  
Human Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Maternal Factors ◽  
Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Excessive Weight ◽  
Novel Associations

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are multifunctional carbohydrates naturally present in human milk that act as prebiotics, prevent pathogen binding and infections, modulate the immune system and may support brain development in infants. HMOs composition is very individualized and differences in HMOs concentrations may affect the infant’s health. HMOs variability can be partially explained by the activity of Secretor (Se) and Lewis (Le) genes in the mother, but non-genetic maternal factors may also be involved. In this cross-sectional, observational study, 78 single human milk samples ranging from 17 to 76 days postpartum (median: 32 days, IQR: 25–46 days) were collected from breastfeeding Brazilian women, analyzed for 16 representative HMOs by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and associations between maternal and infant factors with HMOs concentrations were investigated. HMOs concentrations presented a high variability even in women with the same SeLe phenotype and associations with maternal allergic disease, time postpartum and with infant’s weight, weight gain and sex. Overall, we present unprecedented data on HMOs concentrations from breastfeeding Brazilian women and novel associations of maternal allergic disease and infant’s sex with HMOs concentrations. Differences in HMOs composition attributed to maternal SeLe phenotype do not impact infant growth, but higher concentrations of specific HMOs may protect against excessive weight gain.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Human Milk Oligosaccharides on Growth of Bifidobacteria in Monoculture and Co-culture With Faecalibacterium prausnitzii

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lianghui Cheng ◽  
Mensiena B. G. Kiewiet ◽  
Madelon J. Logtenberg ◽  
Andre Groeneveld ◽  
Arjen Nauta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Human Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Faecalibacterium Prausnitzii

scholarly journals Regulation of hBD-2, hBD-3, hCAP18/LL37, and Proinflammatory Cytokine Secretion by Human Milk Oligosaccharides in an Organotypic Oral Mucosal Model

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 739
Author(s):  
Ulvi K. Gürsoy ◽  
Krista Salli ◽  
Eva Söderling ◽  
Mervi Gürsoy ◽  
Johanna Hirvonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Human Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Proinflammatory Response ◽  
Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Culture Model ◽  
Gingival Cells ◽  
Mucosal Secretion ◽  
Immunomodulatory Potential

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), the third largest solid fraction in human milk, can modulate inflammation through Toll-like receptor signaling, but little is known about their immunomodulatory potential in the oral cavity. In this study, we determined whether the HMOs 2’-fucosyllactose (2’-FL) and 3-fucosyllactose (3-FL) regulate human-beta defensin (hBD)-2 and -3, cathelicidin (hCAP18/LL-37), and cytokine responses in human gingival cells using a three-dimensional oral mucosal culture model. The model was incubated with 0.1% or 1% 2’-FL and 3-FL, alone and in combination, for 5 or 24 h, and hBD-2, hBD-3, and hCAP18/LL-37 were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The expression profiles of interleukin (IL)-1, IL-1RA, IL-8, and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 were determined by LUMINEX immunoassay. The combination of 1% 2’-FL and 1% 3-FL, and 1% 3-FL alone, for 24 h upregulated hBD-2 protein expression significantly (p < 0.001 and p = 0.016, respectively). No changes in the other antimicrobial peptides or proinflammatory cytokines were observed. Thus, 3-FL, alone and in combination with 2´-FL, stimulates oral mucosal secretion of hBD-2, without effecting a proinflammatory response when studied in an oral mucosal culture model.

scholarly journals Rapid capillary gel electrophoresis analysis of human milk oligosaccharides for food additive manufacturing in-process control

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marton Szigeti ◽  
Agnes Meszaros-Matwiejuk ◽  
Dora Molnar-Gabor ◽  
Andras Guttman
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Process Control ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Food Additive ◽  
Human Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Capillary Gel Electrophoresis

AbstractIndustrial production of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) represents a recently growing interest since they serve as key ingredients in baby formulas and are also utilized as dietary supplements for all age groups. Despite their short oligosaccharide chain lengths, HMO analysis is challenging due to extensive positional and linkage variations. Capillary gel electrophoresis primarily separates analyte molecules based on their hydrodynamic volume to charge ratios, thus, offers excellent resolution for most of such otherwise difficult-to-separate isomers. In this work, two commercially available gel compositions were evaluated on the analysis of a mixture of ten synthetic HMOs. The relevant respective separation matrices were then applied to selected analytical in-process control examples. The conventionally used carbohydrate separation matrix was applied for the in-process analysis of bacteria-mediated production of 3-fucosyllactose, lacto-N-tetraose, and lacto-N-neotetraose. The other example showed the suitability of the method for the in vivo in-process control of a shake flask and fermentation approach of 2′-fucosyllactose production. In this latter instance, borate complexation was utilized to efficiently separate the 2′- and 3-fucosylated lactose positional isomers. In all instances, the analysis of the HMOs of interest required only a couple of minutes with high resolution and excellent migration time and peak area reproducibility (average RSD 0.26% and 3.56%, respectively), features representing high importance in food additive manufacturing in-process control. Graphical abstract

Human milk oligosaccharides, infant growth, and adiposity over the first 4 months of lactation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aristea Binia ◽  
Luca Lavalle ◽  
Cheng Chen ◽  
Sean Austin ◽  
Massimo Agosti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Infant Growth ◽  
Human Milk Oligosaccharides ◽  
Milk Oligosaccharides
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