scholarly journals Short-term weight loss with diet and physical activity in young adults: The IDEA study

Obesity ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 2385-2397 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Jakicic ◽  
Wendy C. King ◽  
Marsha D. Marcus ◽  
Kelliann K. Davis ◽  
Diane Helsel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity

Abstract P055: Six-Month Changes in Ideal Health and Cardiovascular Risk Scores Among Young Adults Enrolled in a Weight Loss Intervention

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bethany Barone Gibbs ◽  
Wendy C King ◽  
John M Jakicic
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Weight Loss Intervention ◽  
Spearman's Rho ◽  
Spearman’S Rho

The Framingham 10-year (FRS-10) and lifetime (FRS-LIFE) risk scores use clinical CVD risk factors to predict coronary heart disease (CHD) and CVD outcomes, respectively. In contrast, the AHA’s Ideal Cardiovascular Health (IDEAL) paradigm encourages a 7-component, healthy phenotype that additionally includes healthy diet, body mass index (BMI), and physical activity behaviors that are also associated with the avoidance of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). Objective: To compare changes in IDEAL, FRS-10, and FRS-LIFE over 6 months in young adults enrolled in a behavioral weight loss intervention Methods: FRS-10 and FRS-LIFE were calculated using published equations at baseline and 6 months in young adults who were overweight or obese at study entry but otherwise healthy. IDEAL was calculated on a 14-point scale where, for each component, 0, 1, or 2 points were given for ‘poor’, ‘moderate’, or ‘ideal’ classification, respectively. Descriptive statistics are reported as % or median [IQR]. McNemar’s test, test of symmetry, and Wilcoxon signed rank test were employed to evaluate pre- to post-intervention changes. Spearman’s correlations evaluate associations. Results: In 335 young adults, age 31 [27, 34] yrs, BMI 31 [28, 34] kg/m 2 , and 32% male, the intervention achieved significant 6-month decreases in BMI: -3.0 [-4.3, -1.5] kg/m 2 . Out of a possible 14 points (higher is better), IDEAL was 9 [8, 10] at baseline and 11 [10, 12] at 6 months, with 73% improving and 9% worsening (net improvement 64%) (p<.0001). Though<1% ever had IDEAL diet, a net improvement in diet was observed in 19%, with specific improvements in sugar-sweetened beverage and sodium components (p<0.001). Significant net improvements were also observed in IDEAL classification for BMI (49%), physical activity (39%), total cholesterol (14%), blood pressure (14%) and glucose (11%) components (all p<.0001). FRS-10 was negligible (<1%) for 88% of the cohort at baseline and 94% at 6 months. Across predicted FRS-10 scores, 7% improved and 2% worsened (net improvement 5%) over the 6 months (p<.0001). Improved FRS-10 and IDEAL were correlated (Spearman’s rho = -0.49, p<0.001). IDEAL had a stronger correlation with change in weight compared to FRS-10 (Spearman’s rho = -0.49 vs. 0.30; both p<0.001). FRS-LIFE indicated lifetime risk was high for 35% of the cohort at baseline and 22% at 6 months (p<.0001). FRS-LIFE as a 5-category scale improved in 38% and worsened in 13% (net improvement 26%) (p<.0001). Conclusions: In a cohort of overweight or obese, but otherwise healthy, young adults enrolled in a weight loss intervention, IDEAL was able to measure positive lifestyle changes in a majority of participants while the FRS-10 and FRS-LIFE did not. These results suggest that IDEAL may be particularly sensitive and appropriate to detect positive cardiovascular health changes in the growing population of overweight and obese young adults.

Effect of weight loss on cardiometabolic risk factors in obese patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Penesova ◽  
J Babjakova ◽  
A Havranova ◽  
R Imrich ◽  
M Vlcek
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity ◽  
Life Style Intervention ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background Central obesity and dyslipidemia are a cardinal features of the metabolic syndrome and represents increased cardiometabolic risk. It has been shown that weight loss is capable to improve insulin sensitivity and lipid parameters. The aim of our study was to analyze the effect of a weight-lowering program (diet and physical activity) on LDL- and HDL-cholesterol subfractions and cardiometabolic risk factors (waist circumference, blood pressure, insulin sensitivity, physical fitness). Methods We studied 2 groups of obese subjects, group A composed of 43 patients with obesity grade 1 and 2 (30F/13M; age: 43.2 ±12.4 years; BMI 31.3 ± 6.1 kg/m2); group B composed of patients with obesity grade 3 (6F/7M; age: 34.7 ±9.8 years; BMI 51.7 ± 7.9 kg/m2). The weight loss interventional program (NCT02325804) in duration of 8-week (group A) or 24 weeks (group B) consisted of hypocaloric diet and physical activity. Body composition, physical fitness, blood lipids profile (using the Lipoprint system (Quantimetrix Corp., CA, USA), and insulin sensitivity were measured. Results The average weight loss was 7.3±1.9 kg in group A and 35.3±16.0 kg in group B. Systolic, diastolic blood pressure (BP) as well as heart rate decreased in group A, in group B only systolic BP. Fasting plasma glucose and insulin decreased as well as insulin sensitivity and physical fitness has been improved after intervention. Total, LDL2, HDL2 cholesterol, as well as triglycerides (TG) decreased with weight in group A and total, LDL, TG, VLDL, LDL2 large, and small HDL subfractions decreased and intermediate HDL increased in group B. Conclusions Short term life style intervention (diet and physical activity) in patients with obesity lead to notable improvement of cardiometabolic parameters (decreased body fat mass, improved insulin sensitivity, lipid profile) as well as atheroprotective changes in LDL subfractions. Funding Supported by grants APVV 17-0099; VEGA 2/0129/20; VEGA 2/0072/18 Key messages Short term life style intervention in patients with obesity lead to notable improvement of cardiometabolic parameters. Weight-lowering program (diet and physical activity) lead to positive changes in LDL- and HDL-cholesterol subfractions.

Nordic Walking as an effective physical activity for weight loss among overweight young adults in high schools

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana D. Runenko ◽  
Evgeny E. Achkasov ◽  
Kristina A. Volodina ◽  
Aleksandra V. Zhukovskaya ◽  
Nikolay N. Mushkambarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
High Schools ◽  
Nordic Walking

Abstract MP21: Achieving Cardiovascular Health in Young Adulthood - Do Adolescent Factors Matter?

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly C Gooding ◽  
Carly Milliren ◽  
Christina M Shay ◽  
Tracy K Richmond ◽  
Alison E Field ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity

Introduction: Adults who reach middle age with optimal levels of three physiologic factors – blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood glucose – have lower rates of CVD mortality compared to those with one or more of these risk factors in the non-optimal range. The American Heart Association has identified four healthy lifestyle components – BMI, smoking, diet, and physical activity – important for preserving optimal cardiovascular health as people age. However, which lifestyle components in adolescence are most strongly associated with physiologic markers of cardiovascular health in adulthood is unclear. The purpose of this study was to quantify associations between lifestyle components measured in adolescence and optimal physiologic cardiovascular health in young adulthood. Methods: Analyses included 9,697 young adults, age 24-32 years in 2007-2008, who participated in Wave IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. We defined optimal physiologic cardiovascular heath as untreated blood pressure <120/80 mmHg, untreated fasting blood glucose <100 mg/dL and hemoglobin A1C < 5.7%, untreated total cholesterol in the bottom 7 (women) or 6 (men) deciles for the study population, and absence of diabetes or CVD as measured at Wave IV. We used logistic regression models to estimate the odds of having optimal physiologic cardiovascular health in young adulthood according to BMI category, smoking status, and physical activity patterns measured during Waves I and II when participants were ages 11-20 years. Dietary data were not available. Models were adjusted for age, sex, race, educational attainment, and income in young adulthood. Results: Few young adults (16%, 1,592 of 9,697) had optimal physiologic cardiovascular health. Young adults who had been normal-weighted in adolescence were more likely to have optimal physiologic cardiovascular health (18.4%, 1,382 of 7,206) compared to those who had been overweight (9.4%, 142 of 1,429) or obese (6.9%, 68 of 1,062). In models adjusted for young adult sociodemographic factors, participants who had been overweight or obese as adolescents were less than half as likely as those who had been normal-weighted to have optimal physiologic cardiovascular health in young adulthood (overweight odds ratio (OR) 0.43, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.35-0.61; obese OR 0.40, 95% CI 0.28-0.57). Adolescent tobacco smoking and physical activity were not associated with young adult cardiovascular health. Conclusions: Maintaining a healthy weight in adolescence may be the most important lifestyle factor for reaching young adulthood with optimal physiologic cardiovascular health. Overweight and obese adolescents should be encouraged to achieve a healthy weight through adherence to diet and physical activity goals.

Moderate Weight Loss: A Self-directed Protocol for Women

2008 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia Santosa ◽  
Isabelle Demonty ◽  
Peter J.H. Jones ◽  
Alice H. Lichtenstein
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Motivational Strategies ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity ◽  
Personal Trainer ◽  
Weight Loss Study

This innovative, self-directed diet and physical activity program was designed to achieve moderate weight loss in women. Thirty-five overweight or obese hyperlipidemic women completed a 20-week weight loss study. The weight loss intervention consisted of a 20% decrease in energy intake through diet and a 10% increase in energy expenditure through physical activity. The diet consisted of 50-60% carbohydrates, 20% protein, and 20-30% fat. A personal trainer prescribed physical activity regimens. A progress-tracking system and monthly group sessions were used to maintain participant motivation throughout the weight loss period. Participants lost an average of 11.7 ± 2.5 kg (p<0.001). The pattern of weight loss was linear (p<0.001) throughout the study period. Average weight loss per week was 0.59 ± 0.55 kg. This 20-week program, combining a structured self-selected diet and independent preplanned physical activity with motivational strategies, resulted in weight loss comparable to that observed in more controlled interventions. The lower cost, ease of use, and outcome success make this approach potentially useful in a clinical setting.

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