A probable case of subligamentous tuberculous spondylitis: The concealed body of the Late Modern Period (early 16th century to early 20th century), Franciscan crypt of St. Anthony and St. Eusebius church, Lombardy , Italy

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-196
Author(s):  
Omar Larentis ◽  
Enrica Tonina ◽  
Chiara Tesi ◽  
Chiara Rossetti ◽  
Ilaria Gorini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Tuberculous Spondylitis ◽  
Probable Case ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Late Modern

scholarly journals The specifics of formation of the late modern architectural style in Odessa

1970 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
Olga Polonskaya
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Architectural Style ◽  
Rational Planning ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Modern Style ◽  
Late Modern

The paper set out to analyze the architecture of three Revenue Houses built in Odessa in the early 20th century, in the Late Modern period by L.M. Chernigov, the architect, on request of A.P. Russov. The analysis’ results show the process of forming of the late Modern style based on the single rational planning by means of an eclectic façade designing technique, decorating the buildings in the early decorative Modern style up till the late Rational Modern, when the rational planning type corresponded to the rational façade design.

On the development of Korean SAY evidentials and their extended pragmatic functions

Diachronica ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikyung Ahn ◽  
Foong Ha Yap
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Mechanisms Of Change ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Usage Frequency ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Korean Speakers ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Middle Korean

This paper examines the development of five hearsay evidential markers in Korean, namely, tako, tamye, tamyense, tanun and tanta, and traces their extended pragmatic functions in discourse. We first identify their functions over time, from Middle Korean to Modern and Contemporary Korean, then quantitatively analyze the usage frequency of these functions, diachronically from the 16th century to the early 20th century using the UNICONC historical corpus, and synchronically in present-day Korean using the Sejong contemporary written and spoken corpus. From a pragmatic perspective, we examine how Korean speakers use these hearsay evidential markers to convey the interpersonal and intersubjective stances of interlocutors in natural conversations. Based on the differential rates of grammaticalization of these markers, and on their usage frequency, we also examine the relationship between evidentiality marking and finiteness; more specifically, we analyze the sequences and mechanisms of change whereby different types of non-finite evidential structures develop into finite evidential constructions. Our findings have broader theoretical and crosslinguistic implications for understanding the mechanisms of insubordination, whereby dependent structures become independent, and whereby lexically transparent constructions develop into grammaticalized markers of speakers’ stance.

scholarly journals Dvije autobiografije u stihovima

2021 ◽  
pp. 223-237
Author(s):  
Sanja Grakalić Plenković
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Autobiographical Texts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Contemporary Writers ◽  
Looking Back

Although verses as a form are rarely chosen by autobiographers, the history of Croatian autobiography shows that some writers have had the inclination towards writing autobiographies in verses. The form of a poem can be linked with the beginnings of writing autobiographical texts and with the autobiographical discourse in the works of Croatian writers. Even though it has not been in the focus of interest of autobiographical theory, the autobiographical elements can be found in the period spanning from the 15th- and 16th-century Croatian poetry in the works of the Croatian Latinists up to the present time which represents the golden period of autobiographic writing. Focusing on the autobiographers’ inclination to write in verse (from heterogenous autobiographies, where verses are incorporated into the text itself, to autobiographies poems), this paper shows the marginal place that the form of a poem occupies in the field of researching and defining autobiography as a genre. The fact has been corroborated by providing an outline of verses in autobiographies and autobiographies in verses throughout the history of Croatian literature. Special attention is given to two autobiographies-poems, written by two contemporary writers of Croatian Moderna ‒ Ivana Brlić-Mažuranić (Autoportrait from Rogaška Slatina; 1932) and Vladimir Nazor (Autobiography; 1927). Having in common the form and some themes and motifs (such as looking back at their lives, the author, the narrator and the main character being one and the same person, retrospective perspective), these two autobiographies show how placing emphasis on intimate elements, the form of a poem can be used to write an autobiography. Without putting into question the theme, the place of the narrator/poet in telling about or taking attitude towards the reality or experiences lived, factographic elements which dominate the early 20th century autobiographies, here are largely overshadowed by the more personal and emotional elements.

scholarly journals EARLY CRIMEAN KHANATE SETTLEMENTS AS THE PRECURSORS OF THE TOWN OF BAKHCHYSARAI

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
Ramazan Alchikov ◽  
◽  
Zarema Nagayeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Natural Landscape ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Town

Introduction: This paper analyzes the formation and development of major medieval settlements that emerged in the 14th–16th century within the boundaries of the modern Bakhchysarai. We studied written and archaeological sources to examine the evolution and structure of these settlements, and provide a general overview of the surviving architectural ensembles and landmarks. Bakhchysarai, the former capital of the Crimean Khanate, is one of those Crimean settlements where the medieval planning structure of the old town and the original organic links to the natural landscape survive to this day. Purpose of the study: We aimed to identify the historical background and specifics of how the Old Town and the surrounding historical complexes formed in Bakhchysarai. Our research involved examining historical, archaeological, and contemporary scientific sources and written media, as well as selecting and analyzing theoretical works, normative documents, and architectural designs relevant to the subject at hand. When making a systemic summary of the data that we examined, we used the following methods: structural and functional analysis, synthesis, deduction, generalization, and the comparative historical method. Results: Our findings show that, at the early stages of statehood in the Crimean Khanate, several settlements thrived in the region: Eski Yurt, which started out as a cultural, administrative, and economic hub and eventually became a major religious center; Qırq Yer, an ancient fortified cave settlement that survived into the early 20th century; and the Salacık settlement at the foot of Çufut Qale, which became the most direct precursor of the new capital in Bakhchysarai. The ruins of these settlements are part of the modern Bakhchysarai’s cultural heritage; they lie within its boundaries and greatly influence its modern appearance.

The decasyllable in Portugal

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 173-186
Author(s):  
Barbara Spaggiari
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Distinctive Feature ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Modern Poetry ◽  
New Classification ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Verse Form

We propose a new classification of the Portuguese decasyllable into periods, as well as an overview of the specific features which have, over the centuries, marked the variety of this verse form. We thus distinguish between: the decassílabo trovadoresco (Middle Ages); the decassílabo quatrocentista (15th century); the decassílabo clássico (16th century); the decassílabo romântico (19th century); the decassílabo decadente e simbolista (late 19th and early 20th century). Whether in medieval or modern poetry, the Portuguese decasyllable exhibits an extreme variety of forms, rhythms and scansion patterns, all equally possible and codified in the poetic idiom; so that the only constant distinctive feature of the verse appears to be the compulsory accent on the 10th syllable. Moreover, the massive recourse to hiatus and dieresis, as well as to synaloepha and syneresis, always allows the Portuguese poets to attain the required number of syllables.

scholarly journals Blending: A brief history of misconception

2021 ◽  
pp. 135-147
Author(s):  
Aleksey A. Streltsov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
English Language ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Word Play ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
High Level

The article considers the main aspects of word-fusion, which is a means of word-building that has become popular in the last few decades. As a result, many scientific papers appeared whose authors are quite often not familiar with each other’s findings. That is why we aimed to highlight the major challenging aspects as well as little-known aspects of word-fusion and to present the main results obtained by researchers. We have shown that word-fusion has been in use at least since the 16th century, and not only in the English language. Now words derived according to the pattern are found in many languages of Continental Europe (German, French, Italian, etc.) and presumably existed in some languages, that are now extinct. There is a considerable number of literature on the subject that first appeared in the early 20th century, whereas in this country it happened half a century later. However, there were no less than ten theses, defended by Soviet and Russian linguists indicating a relatively high level of scrutiny. Nowadays, practically everyone recognizes the fact, that word-fusion is a separate productive word-building means used not only for word-play but also for term-building, and nomination of new objects and phenomena, mostly hybrid ones. As far as there is still no universally accepted term for the word-formation means in question, we propose “blending” which is mostly used by foreign and many Russian scholars, or “word-fusion” which is brief and semantically transparent.

scholarly journals Zachowane regesty z ksiąg metrykalnych parafii narolskiej z XVII-XVIII wieku

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 163-209
Author(s):  
Henryk Gmiterek
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
New Records ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
The Town ◽  
The Church ◽  
Made In

Rozwój badań nad zachowanymi księgami metrykalnymi (urodzeń, zawieranych małżeństw i zgonów) ma pierwszorzędne znaczenie nie tylko dla uszczegółowienia ustaleń genealogicznych poszczególnych rodów czy rodzin, ale przede wszystkim dla pogłębienia wiedzy o lokalnych społecznościach i zachodzących w ich obrębie procesów społecznych. Uprzystępnienie w różnych formach badaczom tej kategorii masowych źródeł historycznych może się w dłuższej perspektywie przyczynić do wyraźnego poszerzenia naszej wiedzy o różnorodnych zjawiskach demograficznych i stosunkach społecznych w obrębie żyjących przed wiekami pokoleń. Słowa kluczowe: Narol, parafia Narol, szlachta województwa bełskiego, genealogia The Extant Entries from the Narol Parish Records of the 17th – 18th Century The parish in Narol was established by Florian Łaszcz Nieledewski in 1595, in a village existing from the mid-16th century, near which he founded the town of Florianów (now Narol) in 1592. Visitations by bishops of Chełm, in whose dioceses Narol was located, confirm that the parish records (births, marriages) were kept from the very beginnings of the parish but in the autumn of 1648 they were destroyed during the Cossack-Tatar invasion (most probably burnt). The new records were kept from 1650. In the early 20th century they were seen in the Narol church by Karol Notz, famous in Galicia (Eastern Europe) for making inventories of historic relics. In 1914, the parish books were burnt during the fire of the town and the church. Their only known traces, discussed in the present publication, are excerpts/copies made in the mid-19th century by Ludwik Zieliński, which mostly refer to the noble families connected with Narol. The overwhelming majority of the 546 extracts are birth entries, only 29 being records of marriages.

scholarly journals NATIONALISM IN KOREA IN THE LATE 19th AND EARLY 20th CENTURIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Le Thu ◽  
Tran Tung Ngoc
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Social Life ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
National Education ◽  
Modern Period

Nationalism is, among ideologies, an ideology penetrating into not only Korea but also East Asian nations in the modern period at the end of 19th century and in the early 20th century. Nationalism is also a very influencial ideological movement throughout the historical and cultural course of Korea. The paper aims to review the acceptance process of and views on nationalism under oustanding Korean intellectuals and scholars’ eyes in the early 20th century. Additionally, the study identifies the characteristics of nationalist ideology and its effects on social life in terms of patriotic struggle, trends toward research and national education as well as artistic and creative literature aspects.

scholarly journals The Concept of a ‘Peasant War’ in Soviet and Western Historiography of the ‘Troubles’ in Early 17th-Century and Early 20th-Century Russia

2019 ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
Maureen Perrie
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Civil Wars ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
General Character ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Time Of Troubles

The concept of ‘peasant wars’ in 17th- and 18th-century Russia was borrowed by Soviet historians from Friedrich Engels’ work on the Peasant War in Germany. The four peasant wars of the early modern period were identified as the uprisings led by Ivan Bolotnikov (1606-1607), Sten’ka Razin (1667-1671), Kondratiy Bulavin (1707-1708) and Emel’ian Pugachev (1773-1775). Following a debate in the journal Voprosy istorii in 1958-1961, the ‘first peasant war’ was generally considered to encompass the period c.1603-1614 rather than simply 1606- 1607. This approach recognised the continuities in the events of the early 17th century, and it meant that the chronological span of the ‘first peasant war’ was virtually identical to that of the older concept of the ‘Time of Troubles’. By the 1970s the term, ‘civil wars of the feudal period’ (based on a quotation from Lenin) was sometimes used to define ‘peasant wars’. It was recognised by Soviet historians that these civil wars were very complex in their social composition, and that the insurgents did not exclusively (or even primarily) comprise peasants, with Cossacks playing a particularly significant role. Nevertheless the general character of the uprisings was seen as ‘anti-feudal’. From the 1980s, however, R.G. Skrynnikov and A.L. Stanislavskiy discarded the view that the events of the ‘Time of Troubles’ constituted an anti-feudal peasant war. They preferred the term ‘civil war’, and stressed vertical rather than horizontal divisions between the two armed camps. Western historians, with the notable exception of the American historian Paul Avrich, generally rejected the application of the term ‘peasant wars’ to the Russian uprisings of the early modern period, regarding them as primarily Cossack-led revolts. From the 1960s, however, Western scholars such as Teodor Shanin (following the American anthropologist Eric Wolf) began to use the term ‘peasant wars’ in relation to the role played by peasants in 20th-century revolutionary events such as those in Russia and China. Some of these Western historians, including Avrich and Wolf, used the term not only for peasant actions in the Russian revolutions of 1905 and 1917, but also for peasant rebellions against the new Bolshevik regime (such as the Makhnovshchina and the Antonovshchina) that Soviet scholars considered to be counter-revolutionary banditry. The author argues that, in relation to the ‘Time of Troubles’ in early 20th-century Russia, the term ‘peasant war’ is not entirely suitable to describe peasant actions against the agrarian relations of the old regime in 1905 and 1917, since these were generally orderly and non-violent. The term is more appropriate for the anti-Bolshevik uprisings of armed peasant bands in 1918-1921, as suggested by the British historian Orlando Figes.

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