scholarly journals Higher‐order and higher floating‐point precision numerical approximations of finite strain elasticity moduli

2019 ◽  
Vol 120 (10) ◽  
pp. 1184-1201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen John Connolly ◽  
Donald Mackenzie ◽  
Yevgen Gorash
Keyword(s):  
Finite Strain ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Floating Point ◽  
Numerical Approximations ◽  
Elasticity Moduli

Analysis of Quantization Effects on Higher Order Function and Multilayer Feedforward Neural Networks

2010 ◽  
pp. 187-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minghu Jiang ◽  
Georges Gielen ◽  
Lin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Fixed Point ◽  
Statistical Models ◽  
Feedforward Neural Networks ◽  
Performance Degradation ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Floating Point ◽  
Order Function ◽  
Network Layers ◽  
And Performance

In this chpater we investigate the combined effects of quantization and clipping on Higher Order function neural networks (HOFNN) and multilayer feedforward neural networks (MLFNN). Statistical models are used to analyze the effects of quantization in a digital implementation. We analyze the performance degradation caused as a function of the number of fixed-point and floating-point quantization bits under the assumption of different probability distributions for the quantized variables, and then compare the training performance between situations with and without weight clipping, and derive in detail the effect of the quantization error on forward and backward propagation. No matter what distribution the initial weights comply with, the weights distribution will approximate a normal distribution for the training of floating-point or high-precision fixed-point quantization. Only when the number of quantization bits is very low, the weights distribution may cluster to ±1 for the training with fixed-point quantization. We establish and analyze the relationships for a true nonlinear neuron between inputs and outputs bit resolution, training and quantization methods, the number of network layers, network order and performance degradation, all based on statistical models, and for on-chip and off-chip training. Our experimental simulation results verify the presented theoretical analysis.

scholarly journals Two-Variable Quantum Integral Inequalities of Simpson-Type Based on Higher-Order Generalized Strongly Preinvex and Quasi-Preinvex Functions

Symmetry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Humaira Kalsoom ◽  
Saima Rashid ◽  
Muhammad Idrees ◽  
Yu-Ming Chu ◽  
Dumitru Baleanu
Keyword(s):  
Integral Identity ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Integral Inequalities ◽  
Numerical Approximations ◽  
New Class ◽  
Quantum Integral ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Preinvex Functions ◽  
Definition Of

In this paper, we present a new definition of higher-order generalized strongly preinvex functions. Moreover, it is observed that the new class of higher-order generalized strongly preinvex functions characterize various new classes as special cases. We acquire a new q 1 q 2 -integral identity, then employing this identity, we establish several two-variable q 1 q 2 -integral inequalities of Simpson-type within a class of higher-order generalized strongly preinvex and quasi-preinvex functions. Finally, the utilities of our numerical approximations have concrete applications.

Dual systems for all: Higher-order, role-based relational reasoning as a uniquely derived feature of human cognition

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Povinelli ◽  
Gabrielle C. Glorioso ◽  
Shannon L. Kuznar ◽  
Mateja Pavlic
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Reasoning ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Important Case ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Relational Reasoning ◽  
Dual Systems ◽  
First Order ◽  
Reasoning System ◽  
Role Based

Abstract Hoerl and McCormack demonstrate that although animals possess a sophisticated temporal updating system, there is no evidence that they also possess a temporal reasoning system. This important case study is directly related to the broader claim that although animals are manifestly capable of first-order (perceptually-based) relational reasoning, they lack the capacity for higher-order, role-based relational reasoning. We argue this distinction applies to all domains of cognition.

Quantitative EPMA of nitrogen : A tricky element in the electron-probe microanalyzer

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1622-1623
Author(s):  
G.F. Bastin ◽  
H.J.M. Heijligers
Keyword(s):  
Background Subtraction ◽  
Electron Probe ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Light Elements ◽  
Strong Suppression ◽  
Electron Probe Microanalyzer ◽  
Quantitative Epma ◽  
Peak Count ◽  
Lead Stearate

Among the ultra-light elements B, C, N, and O nitrogen is the most difficult element to deal with in the electron probe microanalyzer. This is mainly caused by the severe absorption that N-Kα radiation suffers in carbon which is abundantly present in the detection system (lead-stearate crystal, carbonaceous counter window). As a result the peak-to-background ratios for N-Kα measured with a conventional lead-stearate crystal can attain values well below unity in many binary nitrides . An additional complication can be caused by the presence of interfering higher-order reflections from the metal partner in the nitride specimen; notorious examples are elements such as Zr and Nb. In nitrides containing these elements is is virtually impossible to carry out an accurate background subtraction which becomes increasingly important with lower and lower peak-to-background ratios. The use of a synthetic multilayer crystal such as W/Si (2d-spacing 59.8 Å) can bring significant improvements in terms of both higher peak count rates as well as a strong suppression of higher-order reflections.

Effects of Higher-Order Laue Zone reflections on structure images

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 450-451
Author(s):  
H. S. Kim ◽  
S. S. Sheinin
Keyword(s):  
Wave Vector ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Reciprocal Lattice ◽  
Image Plane ◽  
Bloch Wave ◽  
Dynamical Theory ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Lattice Image ◽  
Lattice Vector ◽  
Image Position

The importance of image simulation in interpreting experimental lattice images is well established. Normally, in carrying out the required theoretical calculations, only zero order Laue zone reflections are taken into account. In this paper we assess the conditions for which this procedure is valid and indicate circumstances in which higher order Laue zone reflections may be important. Our work is based on an analysis of the requirements for obtaining structure images i.e. images directly related to the projected potential. In the considerations to follow, the Bloch wave formulation of the dynamical theory has been used.The intensity in a lattice image can be obtained from the total wave function at the image plane is given by: where ϕg(z) is the diffracted beam amplitide given by In these equations,the z direction is perpendicular to the entrance surface, g is a reciprocal lattice vector, the Cg(i) are Fourier coefficients in the expression for a Bloch wave, b(i), X(i) is the Bloch wave excitation coefficient, ϒ(i)=k(i)-K, k(i) is a Bloch wave vector, K is the electron wave vector after correction for the mean inner potential of the crystal, T(q) and D(q) are the transfer function and damping function respectively, q is a scattering vector and the summation is over i=l,N where N is the number of beams taken into account.

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