Dendritic reduction inPassover, aDrosophila mutant with a defective giant fiber neuronal pathway

1993 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 971-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas H. Baird ◽  
Mary Koto ◽  
Robert J. Wyman
Keyword(s):  
Giant Fiber ◽  
Neuronal Pathway

The Lateral Giant Fiber to Motor Giant Fiber Synapse in Crayfish

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 170-171
Author(s):  
Charles A. Stirling
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Vesicles ◽  
Procambarus Clarkii ◽  
Synaptic Contact ◽  
Giant Fiber ◽  
Synaptic Junctions

The lateral giant (LG) to motor giant (MoG) synapses in crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) abdominal ganglia are the classic electrotonic synapses. They have previously been described as having synaptic vesicles and as having them on both the pre- and postsynaptic sides of symmetrical synaptic junctions. This positioning of vesicles would make these very atypical synapses, but in the present work on the crayfish Astacus pallipes the motor giant has never been found to contain any type of vesicle at its synapses with the lateral giant fiber.The lateral to motor giant fiber synapses all occur on short branches off the main giant fibers. Closely associated with these giant fiber synapses are two small presynaptic nerves which make synaptic contact with both of the giant fibers and with their small branches.

Lesions along the upper motor neuronal pathway with locked-in features after lightning strike and cardiac arrest: A case-review analysis

Brain Injury ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-303
Author(s):  
Susanne Abdulla ◽  
Anton Conrad ◽  
Karl-Peter Schwemm ◽  
Mark P. Stienstra ◽  
Edward L. Gorsselink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Lightning Strike ◽  
Case Review ◽  
Review Analysis ◽  
Neuronal Pathway

Cloning and characterization of an electrogenic Na/HCO3− cotransporter from the squid giant fiber lobe

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (6) ◽  
pp. C2032-C2045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. Piermarini ◽  
Inyeong Choi ◽  
Walter F. Boron
Keyword(s):  
Giant Axon ◽  
Predicted Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Giant Fiber ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Excitable Membranes ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Partial Cdna ◽  
Partial Cdna Clone ◽  
Current Voltage Relationship

The squid giant axon is a classic model system for understanding both excitable membranes and ion transport. To date, a Na+-driven Cl-HCO3− exchanger, sqNDCBE—related to the SLC4 superfamily and cloned from giant fiber lobe cDNA—is the only HCO3−-transporting protein cloned and characterized from a squid. The goal of our study was to clone and characterize another SLC4-like cDNA. We used degenerate PCR to obtain a partial cDNA clone (squid fiber clone 3, SF3), which we extended in both the 5′ and 3′ directions to obtain the full-length open-reading frame. The predicted amino-acid sequence of SF3 is similar to sqNDCBE, and a phylogenetic analysis of the membrane domains indicates that SF3 clusters with electroneutral Na+-coupled SLC4 transporters. However, when we measure pHi and membrane potential—or use two-electrode voltage clamping to measure currents—on Xenopus oocytes expressing SF3, the oocytes exhibit the characteristics of an electrogenic Na/HCO3− cotransporter, NBCe. That is, exposure to extracellular CO2/HCO3− not only causes a fall in pHi, followed by a robust recovery, but also causes a rapid hyperpolarization. The current-voltage relationship is also characteristic of an electrogenic NBC. The pHi recovery and current require HCO3− and Na+, and are blocked by DIDS. Furthermore, neither K+ nor Li+ can fully replace Na+ in supporting the pHi recovery. Extracellular Cl− is not necessary for the transporter to operate. Therefore, SF3 is an NBCe, representing the first NBCe characterized from an invertebrate.

scholarly journals Newly Identified Electrically Coupled Neurons Support Development of the Drosophila Giant Fiber Model Circuit

eNeuro ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. ENEURO.0346-18.2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler Kennedy ◽  
Kendal Broadie
Keyword(s):  
Giant Fiber ◽  
Fiber Model ◽  
Model Circuit

scholarly journals Giant fiber activation of an intrinsic muscle in the mesothoracic leg of Drosophila melanogaster

1993 ◽  
Vol 177 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Trimarchi ◽  
A. M. Schneiderman
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Motor Neuron ◽  
Cell Body ◽  
Escape Response ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Giant Fiber ◽  
Leg Muscle ◽  
Muscle Responses ◽  
Stimulation Of

Cinematographic analysis reveals that an important component of the light-elicited escape response of Drosophila melanogaster is the extension of the femur-tibia joint of the mesothoracic leg. During the jumping phase of the response, this extension works synergistically with extension of the femur. Femur extension is generated by contraction of the tergotrochanteral muscle (TTM), one of four previously described escape response muscles. Femur-tibia joint extension in the mesothoracic leg has been thought to be controlled by contraction of the tibial levator (TLM), an intrinsic leg muscle. We investigated the activation of the TLM during the escape response. Electrical stimulation of the giant fiber interneuron that mediates the escape response results in activation of the TLM with a latency of 1.46 +/− 0.02 ms. The TLM is innervated by a motor neuron (TLMn) with a large cell body in the mesothoracic ganglion. The TLMn has extensive arborizations in the lateral mesothoracic leg neuromere and has a prominent medially directed neurite. To investigate possible presynaptic inputs activating the TLMn during the escape response, we analyzed the muscle responses of two mutants, giant fiber A1 and bendless. Our analysis suggests that the TLMn is activated by a novel pathway.

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