Neuronal plasticity in the adult invertebrate nervous system

1989 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 295-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. M. Bulloch ◽  
R. L. Ridgway
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Neuronal Plasticity ◽  
Invertebrate Nervous System

Plasticity: Cells, Circuits, Brains, and Behavior

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia S. Churchland ◽  
Terrence J. Sejnowski
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Classical Conditioning ◽  
Neuronal Plasticity ◽  
Neural Mechanism ◽  
Synaptic Strength ◽  
Physical Mechanisms ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Brain

This chapter examines the physical mechanisms in nervous systems in order to elucidate the structural bases and functional principles of synaptic plasticity. Neuroscientific research on plasticity can be divided into four main streams: the neural mechanism for relatively simple kinds of plasticity, such as classical conditioning or habituation; anatomical and physiological studies of temporal lobe structures, including the hippocampus and the amygdala; study of the development of the visual system; and the relation between the animal's genes and the development of its nervous system. The chapter first considers the role of the mammalian hippocampus in learning and memory before discussing Donald Hebb's views on synaptic plasticity. It then explores the mechanisms underlying neuronal plasticity and those that decrease synaptic strength, the relevance of time with respect to plasticity, and the occurrence of plasticity during the development of the nervous system. It also describes modules, modularity, and networks in the brain.

Neuronal plasticity induced in the enteric nervous system by immune targeting of glia in trangenic mice

2003 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. A74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Catherine Aube ◽  
Julie Cabarrocas ◽  
Michel Neunlist ◽  
Roland Liblau ◽  
Jean Paul Galmiche
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Enteric Nervous System ◽  
Neuronal Plasticity

scholarly journals Slack, Slick, and Sodium-Activated Potassium Channels

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard K. Kaczmarek
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Potassium Channels ◽  
Ampa Receptors ◽  
Neuronal Plasticity ◽  
Action Potentials ◽  
Neurotransmitter Receptors ◽  
Learning And Development ◽  
Intellectual Function ◽  
The Central Nervous System

The Slack and Slick genes encode potassium channels that are very widely expressed in the central nervous system. These channels are activated by elevations in intracellular sodium, such as those that occur during trains of one or more action potentials, or following activation of nonselective cationic neurotransmitter receptors such as AMPA receptors. This review covers the cellular and molecular properties of Slack and Slick channels and compares them with findings on the properties of sodium-activated potassium currents (termed KNa currents) in native neurons. Human mutations in Slack channels produce extremely severe defects in learning and development, suggesting that KNa channels play a central role in neuronal plasticity and intellectual function.

scholarly journals Neurochemical Plasticity of nNOS-, VIP- and CART-Immunoreactive Neurons Following Prolonged Acetylsalicylic Acid Supplementation in the Porcine Jejunum

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 2157
Author(s):  
Dominika Rząp ◽  
Marta Czajkowska ◽  
Jarosław Całka
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Acetylsalicylic Acid ◽  
Neuronal Plasticity ◽  
Adaptive Response ◽  
Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Double Labelling ◽  
Neurochemical Plasticity ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Labelling Immunofluorescence

Aspirin, also known as acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), is a commonly used anti-inflammatory drug that has analgesic and antipyretic properties. The side effects are well known, however, knowledge concerning its influence on gastric and intestinal innervation is limited. The enteric nervous system (ENS) innervates the whole gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and is comprised of more than one hundred million neurons. The capacity of neurons to adapt to microenvironmental influences, termed as an enteric neuronal plasticity, is an essential adaptive response to various pathological stimuli. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to determine the influence of prolonged ASA supplementation on the immunolocalization of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and cocaine- and amphetamine- regulated transcript peptide (CART) in the porcine jejunum. The experiment was performed on 8 Pietrain × Duroc immature gilts. Using routine double-labelling immunofluorescence, we revealed that the ENS nerve cells underwent adaptive changes in response to the induced inflammation, which was manifested by upregulated or downregulated expression of the studied neurotransmitters. Our results suggest the participation of nNOS, VIP and CART in the development of inflammation and may form the basis for further neuro-gastroenterological research.

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