Neuroeffectors for vocalization inXenopus laevis: Hormonal regulation of sexual dimorphism

1986 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darcy B. Kelley
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Inxenopus Laevis

scholarly journals Auditory perception exhibits sexual dimorphism and left telencephalic dominance inXenopus laevis

Biology Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. bio035956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanzhu Fan ◽  
Xizi Yue ◽  
Fei Xue ◽  
Jianguo Cui ◽  
Steven E. Brauth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Auditory Perception ◽  
Inxenopus Laevis

Differential testosterone sensitivity of forelimb muscles of male leopard frogs, Rana pipiens: test of a model system

1995 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.T. Lonergan ◽  
C.A. Sidor ◽  
R.S. Darrell ◽  
R.P. Mancini ◽  
D.G. Blackburn
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Rana Pipiens ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Model System ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Leopard Frogs ◽  
Androgen Sensitivity ◽  
Testosterone Administration ◽  
Forelimb Muscles

AbstractCertain forelimb muscles of anurans exhibit sexual dimorphism in mass and fiber composition, offering potential for studies of the effects of hormones on muscle characteristics. Androgen-responsiveness of major forelimb muscles of male leopard frogs, Rana pipiens, was evaluated by quantifying the effects of testosterone cypionate administration and castration on lyophilized muscle mass. The coracoradialis, pectoralis epicoracoideus, and pectoralis sternalis muscles were highly-responsive to testosterone treatment, showing a mean dry mass increase of approximately 50% over control values. However, the pectoralis abdominis muscle was unaffected by testosterone administration, and castration had no effect on any of the muscles. Testosterone sensitivity reflects both the degree of sexual dimorphism and the inferred functional roles of the muscles. Because their forelimb muscles vary markedly in androgen-sensitivity, leopard frogs show considerable promise as a model system for clarifying hormonal regulation of muscle characteristics.

Distinct hormonal regulation of two types of sexual dimorphism in submandibular gland of mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 371 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miyuki Yamamoto ◽  
Hiroki Nakata ◽  
Tewarat Kumchantuek ◽  
Kannika Adhapanyawanich ◽  
Shoichi Iseki
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Submandibular Gland ◽  
Hormonal Regulation

scholarly journals Higher mortality of COVID-19 in males: sex differences in immune response and cardiovascular comorbidities

2020 ◽  
Vol 116 (14) ◽  
pp. 2197-2206
Author(s):  
Laura A Bienvenu ◽  
Jonathan Noonan ◽  
Xiaowei Wang ◽  
Karlheinz Peter
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Biological Sex ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Cardiovascular Comorbidities ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract The high mortality rate of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is a critical concern of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Strikingly, men account for the majority of COVID-19 deaths, with current figures ranging from 59% to 75% of total mortality. However, despite clear implications in relation to COVID-19 mortality, most research has not considered sex as a critical factor in data analysis. Here, we highlight fundamental biological differences that exist between males and females, and how these may make significant contributions to the male-biased COVID-19 mortality. We present preclinical evidence identifying the influence of biological sex on the expression and regulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which is the main receptor used by SARS-CoV-2 to enter cells. However, we note that there is a lack of reports showing that sexual dimorphism of ACE2 expression exists and is of functional relevance in humans. In contrast, there is strong evidence, especially in the context of viral infections, that sexual dimorphism plays a central role in the genetic and hormonal regulation of immune responses, both of the innate and the adaptive immune system. We review evidence supporting that ineffective anti-SARS-CoV-2 responses, coupled with a predisposition for inappropriate hyperinflammatory responses, could provide a biological explanation for the male bias in COVID-19 mortality. A prominent finding in COVID-19 is the increased risk of death with pre-existing cardiovascular comorbidities, such as hypertension, obesity, and age. We contextualize how important features of sexual dimorphism and inflammation in COVID-19 may exhibit a reciprocal relationship with comorbidities, and explain their increased mortality risk. Ultimately, we demonstrate that biological sex is a fundamental variable of critical relevance to our mechanistic understanding of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the pursuit of effective COVID-19 preventative and therapeutic strategies.

RHYNCHOLITES AND THE PROBLEM OF NARROW AND BROAD CONCEPTION OF TAXONS

2018 ◽  
pp. 12-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. R. Khuzina ◽  
V. N. Komarov
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Artificial System ◽  
Broad Understanding

The paper considers a point of view, based on the conception of the broad understanding of taxons. According to this point of view, rhyncholites of the subgenus Dentatobeccus and Microbeccus are accepted to be synonymous with the genus Rhynchoteuthis, and subgenus Romanovichella is considered to be synonymous with the genus Palaeoteuthis. The criteria, exercising influence on the different approaches to the classification of rhyncholites, have been analyzed (such as age and individual variability, sexual dimorphism, pathological and teratological features, degree of disintegration of material), underestimation of which can lead to inaccuracy. Divestment of the subgenuses Dentatobeccus, Microbeccus and Romanovichella, possessing very bright morphological characteristics, to have an independent status and denomination to their synonyms, has been noted to be unjustified. An artificial system (any suggested variant) with all its minuses is a single probable system for rhyncholites. The main criteria, minimizing its negative sides and proving the separation of the new taxon, is an available mass-scale material. The narrow understanding of the genus, used in sensible limits, has been underlined to simplify the problem of the passing the view about the genus to the other investigators and recognition of rhyncholites for the practical tasks.

Observation on the breeding biology of Polypedates teraiensis (Dubois, 1987) (Amphibia: Rhacophoridae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Jacinta Lalchhanhimi ◽  
Lalremsanga H.T.
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Sound Production ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Breeding Biology ◽  
Tree Frog ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Morphometric Measurements ◽  
Advertisement Calls ◽  
Males And Females

The breeding biology of tree frog, Polypedates teraiensis was studied during the breeding season at Mizoram University Campus. It was found that sound production by male during the breeding season was primarily a reproductive function and advertisement calls attract females to the breeding areas and announce other males that a given territory is occupied. The aim of this study was to provide the detailed information on the breeding behaviour and the advertisement calls of Polypedates teraiensis. The morphometric measurements of the amplecting pairs (males and females) for sexual dimorphism along with clutch sizes were also studied.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document