A non‐lethal genetic assay for discriminating genetic sex in brook trout

Abstract Brook trout and yellow perch collected while surveying New Brunswick and Nova Scotia headwater lakes were analyzed for DDT metabolites, chlordane, hexacyclohexane isomers, hexachlorobenzene, toxaphene and PCB’s. Concentrations of DDT metabolites were much higher from fish taken from lakes in north-central N.B. (200-700 ng/g wet wt) than from fish taken elsewhere (<10 ng/g). Seventy to 90% of the DDT metabolites was DDE. Chlordane (3-13 ng/g) was analyzed in seven trout, six of them from central N.B. areas with intensive agriculture. Isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane were in highest concentration from north-central N.B. (10-20 ng/g), eastern N.S. (5-15 ng/g) and southern N.B. (5-20 ng/g). In most cases, alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane (lindane) was the isomer in highest concentration. Concentrations of hexachlorobenzene in fish tissues was highly variable with no obvious geographic bias. PCB’s were detected in very few fish, and no toxaphene was detected.

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Effects of genetic origin on phenotypic divergence in Brook Trout populations stocked with domestic fish

Ecosphere ◽

10.1002/ecs2.3119 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Philippine Gossieaux ◽

Émilie Lavoie ◽

Pascal Sirois ◽

Isabel Thibault ◽

Louis Bernatchez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brook Trout ◽

Genetic Origin ◽

Phenotypic Divergence

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Evidence for the Use of Mucus Swabs to Detect Renibacterium salmoninarum in Brook Trout

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens10040460 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 460

Author(s):

Tawni B. Riepe ◽

Victoria Vincent ◽

Vicki Milano ◽

Eric R. Fetherman ◽

Dana L. Winkelman

Keyword(s):

Brook Trout ◽

Sampling Methods ◽

Kidney Tissue ◽

Detection Methods ◽

Fish Health ◽

Wild Populations ◽

Renibacterium Salmoninarum ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Future Studies ◽

Aquaculture Facilities

Efforts to advance fish health diagnostics have been highlighted in many studies to improve the detection of pathogens in aquaculture facilities and wild fish populations. Typically, the detection of a pathogen has required sacrificing fish; however, many hatcheries have valuable and sometimes irreplaceable broodstocks, and lethal sampling is undesirable. Therefore, the development of non-lethal detection methods is a high priority. The goal of our study was to compare non-lethal sampling methods with standardized lethal kidney tissue sampling that is used to detect Renibacterium salmoninarum infections in salmonids. We collected anal, buccal, and mucus swabs (non-lethal qPCR) and kidney tissue samples (lethal DFAT) from 72 adult brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) reared at the Colorado Parks and Wildlife Pitkin Brood Unit and tested each sample to assess R. salmoninarum infections. Standard kidney tissue detected R. salmoninarum 1.59 times more often than mucus swabs, compared to 10.43 and 13.16 times more often than buccal or anal swabs, respectively, indicating mucus swabs were the most effective and may be a useful non-lethal method. Our study highlights the potential of non-lethal mucus swabs to sample for R. salmoninarum and suggests future studies are needed to refine this technique for use in aquaculture facilities and wild populations of inland salmonids.

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Seewis hantavirus in common shrew (Sorex araneus) in Sweden

Virology Journal ◽

10.1186/s12985-020-01477-w ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Olivia Wesula Lwande ◽

Nahla Mohamed ◽

Göran Bucht ◽

Clas Ahlm ◽

Gert Olsson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Common Shrew ◽

Hemorrhagic Fever ◽

Sorex Araneus ◽

Genome Segment ◽

Cytochrome C Oxidase I ◽

Emerging Viruses ◽

Molecular Method ◽

Typing Method ◽

Common Shrew Sorex Araneus ◽

Genetic Assay

Abstract Background Rodent borne hantaviruses are emerging viruses infecting humans through inhalation. They cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hemorrhagic cardiopulmonary syndrome. Recently, hantaviruses have been detected in other small mammals such as Soricomorpha (shrews, moles) and Chiroptera (bats), suggested as reservoirs for potential pandemic viruses and to play a role in the evolution of hantaviruses. It is important to study the global virome in different reservoirs, therefore our aim was to investigate whether shrews in Sweden carried any hantaviruses. Moreover, to accurately determine the host species, we developed a molecular method for identification of shrews. Method Shrews (n = 198), caught during 1998 in Sweden, were screened with a pan-hantavirus PCR using primers from a conserved region of the large genome segment. In addition to morphological typing of shrews, we developed a molecular based typing method using sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase I (COI) and cytochrome B (CytB) genes. PCR amplified hantavirus and shrew fragments were sequenced and phylogenetically analysed. Results Hantavirus RNA was detected in three shrews. Sequencing identified the virus as Seewis hantavirus (SWSV), most closely related to previous isolates from Finland and Russia. All three SWSV sequences were retrieved from common shrews (Sorex araneus) sampled in Västerbotten County, Sweden. The genetic assay for shrew identification was able to identify native Swedish shrew species, and the genetic typing of the Swedish common shrews revealed that they were most similar to common shrews from Russia. Conclusion We detected SWSV RNA in Swedish common shrew samples and developed a genetic assay for shrew identification based on the COI and CytB genes. This was the first report of presence of hantavirus in Swedish shrews.

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“Protenuria in SLE: Is it always lupus?”

Lupus ◽

10.1177/0961203320983458 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 096120332098345

Author(s):

Alessandra Ida Celia ◽

Roberta Priori ◽

Bruna Cerbelli ◽

Francesca Diomedi-Camassei ◽

Vincenzo Leuzzi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Lupus Nephritis ◽

Fabry Disease ◽

Histological Examination ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Systemic Lupus ◽

Kidney Involvement ◽

History Of ◽

Genetic Assay

Proteinuria is one of the most typical manifestations of kidney involvement in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). We report the case of a 23-year-old woman with a 6-year-long history of SLE presenting with proteinuria after a three-year remission on hydroxychloroquine. Kidney histological examination showed alterations inconsistent with lupus nephritis and suggestive of hydroxychloroquine toxicity or Fabry disease. The latter was confirmed by genetic assay.

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