Relative Effects of Density Dependence versus Environmental Factors on Bluegill Populations

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew C. Bevil ◽  
Michael J. Weber
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Density Dependence ◽  
Dependence Versus ◽  
Effects Of Density

scholarly journals Recent advances in understanding Type 1 Diabetes

F1000Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustaf Christoffersson ◽  
Teresa Rodriguez-Calvo ◽  
Matthias von Herrath
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Beta Cell Mass ◽  
Diabetes Research ◽  
Mhc I ◽  
Dependence Versus ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
P Type

Type 1 diabetes is a multifactorial disease in which genetic and environmental factors play a key role. The triggering event is still obscure, and so are many of the immune events that follow. In this brief review, we discuss the possible role of potential environmental factors and which triggers are believed to have a role in the disease. In addition, as the disease evolves, beta cells are lost and this occurs in a very heterogeneous fashion. Our knowledge of how beta cell mass declines and our view of the disease’s pathogenesis are also debated. We highlight the major hallmarks of disease, among which are MHC-I (major histocompatibility complex class I) expression and insulitis. The dependence versus independence of antigen for the immune infiltrate is also discussed, as both the influence from bystander T cells and the formation of neo-epitopes through post-translational modifications are thought to influence the course of the disease. As human studies are proliferating, our understanding of the disease’s pathogenesis will increase exponentially. This article aims to shed light on some of the burning questions in type 1 diabetes research.

scholarly journals Growth variability in Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) and Spanish mackerel (Scomber japonicus) off Portugal

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 1785-1790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Manuel Martins
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Density Dependence ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Scomber Japonicus ◽  
Growth Variability ◽  
Portuguese Coast ◽  
Atlantic Mackerel ◽  
Spanish Mackerel ◽  
Scomber Scombrus ◽  
Males And Females

Abstract Martins, M. M. 2007. Growth variability in Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) and Spanish mackerel (Scomber japonicus) off Portugal. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 64. Year-class effects may be very important when analysing fish growth. This work aims to compare growth in weight and in length between year classes of Atlantic and Spanish mackerel found off the Portuguese coast. The analysis included Atlantic mackerel data from year classes 1986–1993 and Spanish mackerel data from year classes 1988–1995. The analyses indicated significant differences between year classes in terms of mean weight-at-length and mean length-at-age. Atlantic mackerel year classes also showed significant differences in mean weight-at-length between males and females, and Spanish mackerel year classes showed significant differences between sexes for mean length-at-age. No significant effects were found for the two-way interaction between year class and sex. Growth variability may be linked with variability in environmental factors as well as density-dependence.

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