Measurement of cross-sectional area of cervical roots and brachial plexus trunks

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 711-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun Jae Won ◽  
Byung-Jo Kim ◽  
Kyung Seok Park ◽  
Se Hwa Kim ◽  
Joon Shik Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cervical Roots

scholarly journals Contralateral C7 Transfer to Axillary and Median Nerves in Rats with Total Brachial Plexus Avulsion

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuzhou Liu ◽  
Feng Xiao ◽  
Yongqing Zhuang ◽  
Jie Lao
Keyword(s):  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Median Nerve ◽  
Axillary Nerve ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Behavioral Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Abstract Background: Contralateral cervical 7 nerve (cC7) was used to repair two recipient nerves simultaneously for patients with total brachial plexus avulsion (TBPA). Objective: To evaluate the effect of cC7 transfer to axillary and median nerves in rats with TBPA. Methods: Eighty S-D rats were divided into 4 groups randomly on average. Group A: cC7 － median nerve, Group B: cC7 － axillary nerve, Group C: cC7 － median and axillary nerves, Group D: TBPA without repair. The evaluation tools included behavioral test, electromyogram (EMG), cross-sectional area of muscle fiber, nerve fiber count and gene expression. Results: The effective rates of EMG were 90% and 70% in Flexor Carpi Radialis (FCR) in Group A and C, while 70% and 60% in deltoid (DEL) in Group B and C. In behavioral test, the difference of effective rates between groups was not significant. The mean cross-sectional area of FCR in Group A or C was significantly larger than that in Group D. Either the number of median or axillary nerve fibers in Group A, B or C was statistically more than that in Group D. No matter for FCR or DEL, there were no significant differences in the ratios of relative expression of Muscle Atrophy F-box （ MAFBOX ） and Muscle RING Finger 1 （ MURF1 ） among these groups. Conclusion: Compared with cC7 transfer to median nerve, cC7 transfer to both median and axillary nerves did not affect median nerve recovery. The deltoid muscle also could be restored. The recovery proportion of axillary nerve was less than that of median nerve.

scholarly journals Contralateral C7 Transfer to Axillary and Median Nerves in Rats with Total Brachial Plexus Avulsion

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuzhou Liu ◽  
Feng Xiao ◽  
Yongqing Zhuang ◽  
jie lao
Keyword(s):  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Median Nerve ◽  
Axillary Nerve ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Brachial Plexus Avulsion ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Abstract Background: Contralateral cervical 7 nerve (cC7) was used to repair two recipient nerves simultaneously for patients with total brachial plexus avulsion (TBPA). Objective: To evaluate the effect of cC7 transfer to axillary and median nerves in rats with TBPA. Methods: Eighty S-D rats were divided into 4 groups randomly on average. Group A: cC7 － median nerve, Group B: cC7 － axillary nerve, Group C: cC7 － median and axillary nerves, Group D: TBPA without repair. The evaluation tools included behavioral tests, electromyogram (EMG), measurement of cross-sectional area of muscle fiber, nerve fiber count and gene expression assay. Results: The effective rates of EMG were 90% and 70% in Flexor Carpi Radialis (FCR) in Group A and C, while 70% and 60% in deltoid (DEL) in Group B and C, respectively. In behavioral test, the differences of effective rates between groups were not significant. The mean cross-sectional area of FCR in Group A or C was significantly larger than that in Group D. Either the number of median or axillary nerve fibers in Group A, B or C was statistically more than that in Group D. No matter for FCR or DEL, there were no significant differences in the ratios of relative expression of Muscle Atrophy F-box （ MAFBOX ） and Muscle RING Finger 1 （ MURF1 ） among these groups. Conclusion: Compared with cC7 transfer to median nerve, cC7 transfer to both median and axillary nerves did not affect median nerve recovery. The deltoid muscle also could be restored. The recovery proportion of axillary nerve was less than that of median nerve.

Cross sectional area reference values for sonography of peripheral nerves and brachial plexus

2013 ◽  
Vol 124 (9) ◽  
pp. 1881-1888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonios Kerasnoudis ◽  
Kalliopi Pitarokoili ◽  
Volker Behrendt ◽  
Ralf Gold ◽  
Min-Suk Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Contralateral C7 Transfer to Axillary and Median Nerves in Rats with Total Brachial Plexus Avulsion

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuzhou Liu ◽  
Feng Xiao ◽  
Yongqing Zhuang ◽  
Jie Lao
Keyword(s):  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Median Nerve ◽  
Axillary Nerve ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Brachial Plexus Avulsion ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Abstract Background: Contralateral cervical 7 nerve (cC7) was used to repair two recipient nerves simultaneously for patients with total brachial plexus avulsion (TBPA). Objective: To evaluate the effect of cC7 transfer to axillary and median nerves in rats with TBPA. Methods: Eighty S-D rats were divided into 4 groups averagely. Group A: cC7 － median nerve, Group B: cC7 － axillary nerve, Group C: cC7 － median and axillary nerves, Group D: TBPA without repair. The evaluation tools included behavioral test, electromyogram (EMG), cross-sectional area of muscle fiber, nerve fiber count and gene expression. Results: The positive rates of EMG were 90% and 70% in Flexor Carpi Radialis (FCR) in Group A and C, while 70% and 60% in deltoid (DEL) In Group B and C. The difference of effective rates in grip or shoulder abduction between groups was not significant. The mean cross-sectional area of FCR in Group A or C was significantly larger than that in Group D. Either the number of median or axillary nerve fibers in Group A, B or C was statistically more than that in Group D. No matter for FCR or DEL, there were no significant differences of the ratios of relative expression of MAFBOX and MURF1 among these groups. Conclusion: Compared with cC7 transfer to median nerve, cC7 transfer to both median and axillary nerves did not affect median nerve recovery and the deltoid muscle also could be restored. The recovery proportion of axillary nerve was less than that of median nerve.

Fascicular Topography of the Suprascapular Nerve in the C5 Root and Upper Trunk of the Brachial Plexus: A Microanatomic Study From a Nerve Surgeon's Perspective

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (suppl_2) ◽  
pp. ons402-ons406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario G. Siqueira ◽  
Luciano H.L. Foroni ◽  
Roberto S. Martins ◽  
Gerson Chadi ◽  
Martijn J.A. Malessy
Keyword(s):  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Sural Nerve ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Suprascapular Nerve ◽  
Nerve Graft ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sural Nerve Graft

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: In patients with supraclavicular injuries of the brachial plexus, the suprascapular nerve (SSN) is frequently reconstructed with a sural nerve graft coapted to C5. As the C5 cross-sectional diameter exceeds the graft diameter, inadequate positioning of the graft is possible. OBJECTIVE: To identify a specific area within the C5 proximal stump that contains the SSN axons and to determine how this area could be localized by the nerve surgeon, we conducted a microanatomic study of the intraplexal topography of the SSN. METHODS: The right-sided C5 and C6 roots, the upper trunk with its divisions, and the SSN of 20 adult nonfixed cadavers were removed and fixed. The position and area occupied by the SSN fibers inside C5 were assessed and registered under magnification. RESULTS: The SSN was monofascicular in all specimens and derived its fibers mainly from C5. Small contributions from C6 were found in 12 specimens (60%). The mean transverse area of C5 occupied by SSN fibers was 28.23%. In 16 specimens (80%), the SSN fibers were localized in the ventral (mainly the rostroventral) quadrants of C5, a cross-sectional area between 9 o'clock and 3 o'clock from the surgeon's intraoperative perspective. CONCLUSION: In reconstruction of the SSN with a sural nerve graft, coaptation should be performed in the rostroventral quadrant of C5 cross-sectional area (between 9 and 12 o'clock from the nerve surgeon's point of view in a right-sided brachial plexus exploration). This will minimize axonal misrouting and may improve outcome.

Pelvic Canal Narrowing Caused by Triple Pelvic Osteotomy in the Dog

1994 ◽  
Vol 07 (03) ◽  
pp. 110-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Holmberg ◽  
M. B. Hurtig ◽  
H. R. Sukhiani
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Pelvic Osteotomy ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Canal Width ◽  
Operative Complications ◽  
Post Operative Complications

SummaryDuring a triple pelvic osteotomy, rotation of the free acetabular segment causes the pubic remnant on the acetabulum to rotate into the pelvic canal. The resulting narrowing may cause complications by impingement on the organs within the pelvic canal. Triple pelvic osteotomies were performed on ten cadaver pelves with pubic remnants equal to 0, 25, and 50% of the hemi-pubic length and angles of acetabular rotation of 20, 30, and 40 degrees. All combinations of pubic remnant lengths and angles of acetabular rotation caused a significant reduction in pelvic canal-width and cross-sectional area, when compared to the inact pelvis. Zero, 25, and 50% pubic remnants result in 15, 35, and 50% reductions in pelvic canal width respectively. Overrotation of the acetabulum should be avoided and the pubic remnant on the acetabular segment should be minimized to reduce postoperative complications due to pelvic canal narrowing.When performing triple pelvic osteotomies, the length of the pubic remnant on the acetabular segment and the angle of acetabular rotation both significantly narrow the pelvic canal. To reduce post-operative complications, due to narrowing of the pelvic canal, overrotation of the acetabulum should be avoided and the length of the pubic remnant should be minimized.

DETERMINATION OF THE FUNCTION OF THE ROD’S CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA USING VIBRATION EIGENFREQUENCIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
I.M. UTYASHEV ◽  
◽  
A.A. AITBAEVA ◽  
A.A. YULMUKHAMETOV ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Variable Cross ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Longitudinal Vibrations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Method Error ◽  
Various Boundary Conditions ◽  
Elastic Fixation ◽  
Crosssectional Area

The paper presents solutions to the direct and inverse problems on longitudinal vibrations of a rod with a variable cross-sectional area. The law of variation of the cross-sectional area is modeled as an exponential function of a polynomial of degree n . The method for reconstructing this function is based on representing the fundamental system of solutions of the direct problem in the form of a Maclaurin series in the variables x and λ. Examples of solutions for various section functions and various boundary conditions are given. It is shown that to recover n unknown coefficients of a polynomial, n eigenvalues are required, and the solution is dual. An unambiguous solution was obtained only for the case of elastic fixation at one of the rod’s ends. The numerical estimation of the method error was made using input data noise. It is shown that the error in finding the variable crosssectional area is less than 1% with the error in the eigenvalues of longitudinal vibrations not exceeding 0.0001.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document