scholarly journals Diffusion-weighted hyperpolarized 129 Xe MRI in healthy volunteers and subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2010 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 1154-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sivaram Kaushik ◽  
Zackary I. Cleveland ◽  
Gary P. Cofer ◽  
Gregory Metz ◽  
Denise Beaver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Diffusion Weighted

A generic fluticasone propionate and salmeterol dry powder inhaler: Evidence of usability, function, and robustness

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald P. Tashkin ◽  
Arkady Koltun ◽  
Róisín Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Fluticasone Propionate ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Dry Powder Inhaler ◽  
Chemical Degradation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Dry Powder ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Flow Rates

Background: A generic combination of fluticasone propionate and salmeterol xinafoate inhalation powder in a premetered, multidose, nonreusable inhaler was recently approved. Objective: To assess the performance of the generic device. Methods: Findings from three studies with regard to device usability, function, and robustness were reviewed. Results: In a study to assess device function in patients and healthy volunteers, the generic device was successfully used by patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who were either dry powder inhaler users or dry powder inhaler‐naive, even though they were not trained beyond being provided the instructions for use. In a study to measure inhaled flow rates generated by patients and healthy volunteers, the generic device consistently simulated the delivery of a full dose of drug, even to patients with severe respiratory disease and reduced inspiratory flow rates. Although the generic device had a slightly higher airflow resistance, this study demonstrated that this difference did not result in any clinically meaningful differences in terms of drug delivery. Pressure drop, a key parameter that drives the fluidization and aerosolization of the powder dose, was found to be comparable between the devices. In an open-label study, the generic device met all U.S. Food and Drug Administration specifications for device robustness after 21.5 days of twice-daily dosing via oral inhalation among 111 participants with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. All inhalers tested demonstrated conformity with a pharmacopeia with respect to key quality parameters (assay, delivered dose uniformity, aerodynamic size distribution). There was no evidence of chemical degradation of the active ingredients, nor of microbial or water ingress into the powder, as a result of inhaler use.

scholarly journals T-regulatory cells subpopulation in bronchial asthma and heterogeneous phenotypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Kirillova ◽  
I. A. Deyev ◽  
Ye. E. Kremer ◽  
L. M. Ogorodova ◽  
G. E. Chernogoryuk
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
T Regulatory Cells ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Regulatory Cells ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Low Levels

Aim of the study was to investigate the levels of individual subpopulations of T-regulatory (T-reg) cells in patients with different phenotypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with moderate bronchial asthma and healthy volunteers. COPD was associated with increased level of natural (CD4+CD25high) T-cells, while emphysematous phenotype of disease was associated with the highest pool of natural CD4+CD25high. Bronchial asthma was associated with low levels of inducible (CD4+ FoxP3+ ) T-reg.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF THE INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
L. M. Ogorodova ◽  
V. M. Govorun ◽  
S. V. Fedosenko ◽  
M. A. Karnaushkina ◽  
I. V. Saltykova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Normal Composition

The article summarizes the results of studies on the composition of microbial communities in stool samples of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) compared with healthy volunteers using genome-metagenomic sequencing. It is shown that the microbial community of the intestine in COPD patients is characterized as diverse taxonomic composition of metagenomes that the healthy volunteers microbiota. In this case, the normal composition of intestinal microbiota in patients with COPD is exposed to the qualitative and quantitative modifications. In contrast to healthy volunteers, the intestinal microbiota in patients with COPD is characterized by the presence of representatives of the Proteobacteria, as Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Eggerthella,Proteus, Salmonella, Anaerococcus, Clostridium difficile, Pseudomonas, as well as higher insemination fungus genusCandida (Candida dubliniensis and Candida albicans).

scholarly journals Evaluating bronchodilator effects in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using diffusion-weighted hyperpolarized helium-3 magnetic resonance imaging

2012 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miranda Kirby ◽  
Mohammadreza Heydarian ◽  
Andrew Wheatley ◽  
David G. McCormack ◽  
Grace Parraga
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Tissue Microstructure ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Hyperpolarized Helium ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Helium 3

The objective of this study was to evaluate the regional effects of bronchodilator administration in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) using hyperpolarized helium-3 (3He) MRI apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). Ten COPD ex-smokers provided written, informed consent and underwent diffusion-weighted, hyperpolarized 3He MRI, spirometry, and plethysmography before and 25 ± 2 min after bronchodilator administration. Pre- and postsalbutamol whole-lung (WL) ADC maps were generated and registered together to identify the lung regions containing the 3He signal at both time points, and mean ADC within those regions of interest (ROI) was determined for a measurement of previously ventilated ROI ADC (ADCP). Lung ROI with 3He signal at both time points was used as a binary mask on postsalbutamol WL ADC maps to obtain an ADC measurement for newly ventilated ROI (ADCN). Postsalbutamol, no significant differences were detected in WL ADC ( P = 0.516). There were no significant differences between ADCN and ADCP postsalbutamol ( P = 1.00), suggesting that the ADCN lung regions were not more emphysematous than the lung ROI participating in ventilation before bronchodilator administration. Postsalbutamol, a statistically significant decrease in ADCP ( P = 0.01) was detected, and there were significant differences between ADCP in the most anterior and most posterior image slices ( P = 0.02), suggesting a reduction in regional gas trapping following bronchodilator administration. Regional evaluation of tissue microstructure using hyperpolarized 3He MRI ADC provides insights into lung alterations that accompany improvements in regional 3He gas distribution after bronchodilator administration.

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